Work study and work measurement are techniques used to analyze jobs and improve efficiency. Work study involves systematically examining work processes to identify opportunities for more efficient procedures. This includes analyzing factors that impact efficiency and seeking improvements. Work measurement determines the time required to complete tasks by measuring tasks being performed and setting standard times. The goals are to establish efficient work flows, reduce costs, improve productivity and working conditions, and deliver benefits for employees and customers.
2. Work study is a generic term for those
techniques particularly ‘Method Study’ and
‘Work Measurement’ which are used in the
examination of human work in all its contexts
and which lead systematically to the
investigation of all the factors which effect
the efficiency of the situation being reviewed,
in order to seek improvements.
3. It may be defined as the systematic
investigation (i.e recording and critical
examination) of the existing method of doing
a job in order to develop and install an easy,
rapid, efficient, effective and less fatiguing
procedure for doing the same job and at
lower costs.
4. It is the application of different techniques to
measure and establish the time required to
complete the job by a qualified worker at a
defined level of performance.
5. Uniform and improved production flow
Higher productive efficiency
Reduced manufacturing costs
Fast and accurate delivery dates
Better employee-employer relations
Better service to customers
Job security and job satisfaction
Better working and other conditions
Higher wages to workers
6. Improved working and standardized procedures.
Better work place layout
Less fatigue to operators.
Better product quality
Effective utilization of men, material & machinery
Efficient and fast material handling.
Reduced health hazards
Efficient planning of the section
Streamlined working procedures
7. Determines the time required to do a job
Decides manpower to do a job
Decides equipment requirement
Provides information for effective PPC
Aids in calculating exact delivery dates
Decides realistic labor budgeting and provides a basis for
standard costing system
Provides a basis for fair and sound incentive schemes
Results in effective labor control
8. Method Study
*Select the task to be studied
*Collection, recording and presentation of
facts
*Analyze the facts
*Develop the new methods
*Install the new methods
*Maintain the methods.
9. Select job/process to be examined & observe current
performance
high process cost, bottlenecks, tortuous route, low
productivity, erratic quality
Record & document facts
activities performed
operators involved - how etc
equipment and tools used
materials processed or moved
apply critical examination - challenge job components
& necessity (purpose, place, sequence, method).
develop alternative methods & present proposals
document as base for new work system
Install, monitor (slippage) & maintain
10. Work Measurement
*Select Task to be studied
*Record the facts
*Analyze the facts
*Measure the Tasks
*Define the method and related time
*Maintain the work
11. select job & identify the work tasks
check the method - is it efficient/agreed?
start a Time Study sheet & break work task into "units"
several times with a stop watch & for a sample of workers, time measure
completion times for each unit of work in the job sequence
average for each worker
determine & apply worker effort rating for each worker (BSI scale)
Apply fatigue, personal & other allowances
From the observation data (worker average times) calculate standard time for the
task
Assumes: set sequence, routine work cycle (all workers), little discretion, 100%
effort rating - trained/qualified, motivated/committed, working at normal pace &
not fatigued
Fix standard time and enter into measured work manual/database