It's all about Roman empire and it's history.not only it's empire but also about its art and architecture. After studying this, you will able to solve all questions about Roman empire. It's architecture is just wonderful.

1. ART OF
THE
ROMAN
EMPIRE

2. INTRODUCTION
 For several centuries Ancient Rome was the most powerful nation
on earth, excelling all others at military organization and warfare,
engineering, and architecture.
 Roman sculptors and painters produced only a limited amount of
outstanding original art, preferring instead to recycle designs from
Greek art, which they revered as far superior to their own.

3. ORIGIN
 Rome was founded as far back as 750 BCE, it led a precarious
existence for several centuries.
 The roman ruler were Etruscan, they commissioned Etruscan art in
the start made for the military victories spread through cities.
 The art began to take its form when the romans met the Greeks
and thus influenced the art.
 However, the arts were still not a priority for Roman leaders who
were more concerned about survival and military affairs.

4. CULTURAL ACHIEVEMENT
 Its unique cultural achievements include the invention of the dome
and the groin vault, the development of concrete and a European-
wide network of roads and bridges.
 Roman urban architecture was ground-breaking, as was its
landscape painting and portrait busts. Nor is it true that Roman
artists produced no great masterpieces - witness the extraordinary
relief sculpture on monuments like Ara Pacis Augustae and Trajan's
Column.

5. THE ROMAN EMPIRE
 The Roman empire
stretched from England to
Egypt; Spain to Russia,
ruled by an emperor.
 The Roman culture was a
mix of different cultures,
most prominently Greeks.
The romans took the
culture wherever they
conquered.

6. ART OF ROMAN EMPIRE 200-400 BC
 Art of this empire was inspired by the Greek art.
 The main feature of roman empire is that its less idealized and less
religious than Greek art.
 The art was made for the purpose of commemoration or as a
memorial.
 Other purposes includes show of power and to create roman
history.

7. EARLY ROMAN ART 510-27 BCE
 Early roman art tended to be realistic and
direct.
 Portraits, both two-dimensional and three-
dimensional, were typically detailed and
unidealized, although later during the age
of Hellenistic roman art.
 The romans artwork were executed in a
realistic - almost "documentary" style.

8. ROMAN SCULPTURE
 Roman sculpture may be divided into four main categories: historical
reliefs; portrait busts and statues, including equestrian statues; funerary
reliefs, sarcophagi or tomb sculpture; and copies of ancient Greek works.
 A good deal of Roman sculpture was created to serve a purpose: namely,
to impress the public - be they Roman citizens or 'barbarians' - and
communicate the power and majesty of Rome.
 Roman sculpture had expression of seriousness(was typically solemn and
unsmiling), was typically solemn and unsmiling., with none of the Greek
conceptualism or introspection.

9. ROMAN SCULPTURE
 The romans sculptures showed realistic
depiction of their leaders.
 They were designed to be seen everywhere
around the roman cities.
 The dead roman leaders were shown with a
wax mask covering their face.
 Less idealized than Greeks.
 Showed the true colours of the subject, without
exaggeration.

10. HISTORICAL RELIEF
 Rome didn't invent relief sculpture -
Stone Age man did.
 the reliefs of the Parthenon (447-422
BCE) and the frieze of the Pergamon
Altar of Zeus (c.166-154 BCE) outshone
anything created in Italy.
 Roman artists renamed these relief
sculptures throughout history to give
themselves credit.

11. TRAJAN'S
COLUMN (106-
113 CE)
 The greatest relief sculpture
of Ancient Rome, Trajan's
Column is a 125-foot Doric-
style monument, designed
by the architect Apollodorus
of Damascus.
 It has a spiral frieze that
winds 23 times around its
shaft, commemorating the
Dacian triumphs of Emperor
Trajan.
 its composition and
extraordinarily meticulous
detail makes it one of the
finest reliefs in the history
of sculpture.

12. MARCUS AURELIUS' COLUMN
 This 100-foot Doric column in the Piazza
Colonna also features a winding ribbon of
marble sculpture carved in low relief,
which illustrates the story of the
Emperor's Danubian or Marcomannic
wars, waged by him during the period
166-180 CE.
 A higher relief is used, permitting
greater contrast between light and
shadow. Overall, much more dramatic - a
style which clearly reflected the
uncertain state of the Roman Empire.

13. RELIGIOUS AND FUNERARY SCULPTURE
 Religious art was also a popular if less unique form of Roman sculpture.
 An important feature of a Roman temple was the statue of the deity to
whom it was dedicated. Such statues were also erected in public parks
and private gardens.
 As Rome turned from cremation to burial at the end of the 1st century CE,
stone coffins, known as sarcophagi, were much in demand: the three
most common types being Metropolitan Roman (made in Rome), Attic-
style (made in Athens) and Asiatic (made in Dokimeion, Phrygia).

14. PAINTING
 The greatest innovation of Roman painters was the development of
landscape painting, a genre in which the Greeks showed little
interest.
 In their effort to satisfy the huge demand for paintings throughout
the empire, from officials, senior army officers, householders and
the general public, Roman artists produced panel paintings
 Most surviving Roman paintings are from Pompeii and Herculanum,
as the erruption of Vesuvius in 79 helped to preserve them.

16. TRIUMPHAL PAINTINGS
 Roman artists were also frequently
commissioned to produce pictures
highlighting military successes - a
form known as Triumphal Painting.
 This type of history painting - usually
executed as a mural painting in
fresco - would depict the battle or
campaign in meticulous detail and
might incorporate mixed-media
adornments and map designs to
inform and impress the public.

17. MURALS
 Roman murals -
executed either "al
fresco" with paint
being applied to wet
plaster, or "al secco"
using paint on dry
walls - are usually
classified into four
periods, as set out by
the German
archaeologist August
Mau following his
excavations at
Pompeii.

18. ART STYLES FROM THE ROMAN EMPIRE
 The Roman Empire incorporated a host of different
nationalities, religious groups and associated styles of art.
Chief among them, in addition to earlier Etruscan art of
the Italian mainland, were forms of Celtic culture - namely
the Iron Age La Tene style (c.450-50 BCE) - which was
accomodated within the Empire in an idiom known as
Roman-Celtic art, and the hieratic style of Egyptian art,
which was absorbed into the Hellenistic-Roman idiom.

19. LATE ROMAN ART
 During the Christian epoch, the division of the Roman Empire into a
weak Western Roman Empire and a strong Eastern Roman Empire
led to changes in Late Roman art.
 Wall painting, mosaic art, and funerary sculpture thrived, life-size
statues and panel painting vanished.
 The Church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople, for instance, one of
the most famous examples of Roman dome architecture, provided
employment for some 10,000 of these specialists and other
workmen. Commissioned by Emperor Justinian (527-565), the
Hagia Sophia, together with the shimmering mosaics of Ravenna,
represented the final gasp of Roman art.