deviated nasal septum definition, types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, management, prevention, preoperative nursing management, postoperative nursing management

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SUBJECT – MEDICALAND SURGICAL NURSING
TOPIC – DEVIATED NASAL SEPTUM
PREPARED BY DOLISHA WARBI

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DEFINITION:
Deviated nasal septum is a physical order of the nose involving a displacement or deflection of
the nasal septum.
It is in C- shape and S – shape etc..

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4. CAUSES:
1) Congenital anomaly.
2) Injury to the nose during birth.
3) Trauma – blow to the face.
4) Pressure from the masses.
5) Hereditary.
6) Tumour of the nose, nasal polyps, nasal infection.
SYMPTOMS:
Blockage of one or both nostrils.
Nasal congestion sometime on one side.
Frequent nose bleeds.
Sinusitis.
Nasal discharge.
Acute otitis media.
Headache.
Difficulty in breathing.
Facial pain.
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5. DIAGNOSIS:
CT-scan.
Fiberoptic scope.
History collection.
Physical examination – with a pen touch.
X-ray.
MANAGEMENT:
Septoplasty – Procedure to straighten the bone and cartilage.
Rhinoplasty – Procedure that altered the shape or appearance of the nose.
Septorhinoplasty – Combination of both procedure septoplasty + rhinoplasty.
Decongestants – reduced nasal tissue swelling.
Antihistamines – prevent allergy symptoms (stuffy / runny nose).
Nasal steroid spray – Budesonide.
Monitor vital signs.
Stop nose bleeding.
Avoid aspirin.
Ice application – pain, swelling.
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6. PREVENTION:
Avoiding injury to the nose.
Wear protected head gear to protected the face during sport,ride.
Wear seat belt on four wheeler vehicle.
Preoperative Nursing Care:
1.Assessment:
Conduct a thorough health assessment, including the patient's medical history, current medications,
and allergies.
Assess the patient's respiratory status and the degree of nasal obstruction.
2.Education:
Provide information about the surgical procedure, its purpose, and potential risks and benefits.
Educate the patient about the preoperative and postoperative care routines.
Explain the importance of following instructions for preoperative fasting.
3.Preoperative Medications:
Administer preoperative medications as prescribed, including antibiotics and corticosteroids to reduce
inflammation.
4.Psychosocial Support:
Address any anxiety or concerns the patient may have about the surgery.
Provide emotional support and encouragement.
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7. Postoperative Nursing Care:
1. Airway Management:
Monitor the patient's airway closely, as nasal congestion and swelling may occur postoperatively.
Encourage deep breathing exercises to prevent respiratory complications.
2. Pain Management:
Administer analgesics as prescribed to manage postoperative pain.
Assess pain levels regularly and adjust medication accordingly.
3. Monitoring:
Monitor vital signs regularly, especially focusing on respiratory rate and oxygen saturation.
Assess for signs of bleeding, infection, or other complications.
4. Fluid and Nutrition:
Encourage the patient to maintain hydration to promote healing.
Provide a clear liquid diet initially and gradually progress to a regular diet as tolerated.
5. Activity and Rest:
Recommend limited physical activity initially to prevent strain on the surgical site.
Emphasize the importance of adequate rest for the recovery process.
6. Nasal Care:
Instruct the patient on proper nasal care, including saline nasal irrigation and the use of prescribed nasal sprays.
Educate on the importance of avoiding activities that may traumatize the nasal area.
7. Follow-up Care:
Schedule and encourage the patient to attend follow-up appointments with the surgeon for assessment and removal of packing or sutures.
8. Complication Recognition:
Educate the patient on signs and symptoms of potential complications, such as infection or excessive bleeding, and instruct them to seek
medical attention if these occur.
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