2. Kriyakala
• It is the series of event taking place before
Vyadhiutpatti.
• The Dosha undergo abnormalities due to indulgence in
Ahara and Vihara, in turn bring about abnormalities in
Dhatus resulting in disease.
• This abnormality starting minutely develop successful
stages to produce disease.
• The series of Vikruta Kriya successively developing
indifferent periods of Kala is known as Kriyakala.
3. • Kriya also refers to Chikitsa. The knowledge
of Kriyakala is very helpful for both diagnosis
and treatment of the disease.
4. The concept of क्रियाकाल has been described in
2 separate entities.
1. ॠतु क्रियाकाल
2. व्याक्रि क्रियाकाल
5. 1. ॠतु क्रियाकाल – Normal physiological
variations of दोष in respective seasons
2. व्याक्रि क्रियाकाल – consecutive stages of the
disease
7. 1. चय
चयो वृद्धः स्विाम्न्येव प्रद्वेषो वृद्धहेतुषु|
क्रवपरीतगुणेच्छा च ||२२||
(अ.हृ.सू. १२/२२)
- दोष undergo वृद्ध in its own place
- Person will have aversion towards the
factors which are responsible for वृद्ध of दोष
& desires the factors possessing qualities of
opposite दोष.
8. 2. प्रकोप
कोपस्तु उन्मागा गक्रमता क्रलङ्गानाां दशानां स्वेषाां अस्वास्थ्यां
रोग सांभवः । (अ.हृ.सू. १२/२३)
- The दोषs which have been increased in own
place get excited by appropriate cause & moves
to other places.
- लक्षण of व्याक्रि starts manifesting & person attains
illness.
9. 3. प्रशम
स्वस्थानस्थस्य समता क्रवकार असांभवः शमः ।
(अ.हृ.सू. १२/२३)
- दोष return to the normal stage &
establishment of Dhatu Saamya take place
thereby the Vikara gets subsided.
10. ॠतु क्रियाकाल
• Equilibrium of Dosha is unstable and is
undergoing changes constantly everyday. This
daily changes happening in particular Rutu has
been described as three stages of Dosha, i.e.
Chaya, Prakopa and Prashama.
• As the cycle of changes in Rutu goes on
naturally, the cycle of changes of Dosha is also
natural events.
11. व्याक्रि क्रियाकाल
It is the process of understanding the pathogenesis
of disease in consecutive stages
सञ्चयां च प्रकोपां च प्रसरां स्थानसांश्रयम् ।
व्यद्तां भेदां च यो वेक्रत्त दोषाणाां स भवेद्िषक
् ॥
( सु.सू. २१/३६ )
The 6 stages described for the successive
manifestation of the disease are :
1. सञ्चय
2. प्रकोप
3. प्रसर
4. स्थानसांश्रय
5. व्यत
6. भेद
12. 1. सञ्चय
सांहक्रत रूपा वृद्धः चयः ।
( सु.सू. २१/१८ ) (डल्हण)
Accumulation of दोष in respective seats is
called as सञ्चय
लक्षण –
ति सक्रञ्चतानाां खलु दोषाणाां स्तब्धपूणाकोष्ठता
पीतावभासता मन्दोष्मता च अङ्गानाां गौरवां आलस्यां
चय कारण क्रवद्वेषश्चेक्रत क्रलङ्गाक्रन भवद्न्त ति प्रथम
क्रियाकाल । ( सु.सू. २१/१८ )
13. • वात सञ्चय लक्षण – स्तब्धकोष्ठता- stiffness of
abdomen
पूणाकोष्ठता- abdominal fullness
• क्रपत्त सञ्चय लक्षण – पीतावभासता-yellowish
discolouration of body parts
मन्दोष्मता- mild increase in body
temperature
• कफ सञ्चय लक्षण - अङ्गानाां गौरवां- heaviness of
whole body
आलस्य- lassitude
14. “प्रथम क्रियाकाल: आद्य्: कमाावसरः”
( सु.सू. २१/१८ डल्हण)
It is the early stage to plan the suitable
preventive measures
15. 2. प्रकोप
क्रवलयन रूपा वृद्धः प्रकोपः।
( सु.सू. २१/१८ डल्हण)
The दोषs which are accumulated in the सञ्चयावस्थ
starts mobilising /spread in their respective places
लक्षण –
तेषाां प्रकोपात् कोष्ठतोद सञ्चरण अद्िका क्रपपासा
पररदाह अन्नद्वेष हृदयोत्क्लेदाश्च जायते । तत्र क्रद्वतीय:
क्रियाकालः । ( सु.सू. २१/२७ )
16. वात प्रकोप लक्षण –
• कोष्ठतोद - pricking type of pain in abdomen
• सञ्चरण- movement of वात in abdomen
क्रपत्त प्रकोप लक्षण–
• अद्िका- sour eructation
• क्रपपासा- excess thirst
• पररदाह- burning sensation all over the body
कफ प्रकोप लक्षण –
• अन्नद्वेष- aversion towards food
• हृदयोत्क्लेद- nausea
17. क्रद्वतीयः क्रियाकाल इक्रत क्रद्वतीयः क्रचक्रक्ावसरः।”
( सु.सू. २१/२७ डल्हण)
It is the second stage of kriyaakaala and also
second stage of preventive measure.
18. 3. प्रसर
• “अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रसरां वक्ष्यामः तेषामेक्रिरातांकक्रवशेषः
प्रक
ु क्रपतानाां क्रकण्वोदक
क्रपष्ट समवाय इवोक्रिक्तानाां प्रसरो िवक्रत।तेषाां
वायुर्ाक्रतमत्वात् प्रसर
हेतुः सत्यप्यचतन्य…’’ (सु.सू.21/28)
• Overflowing of Dosha from their respective seats
to other places (Spread of Dosha) takes place like
fermented materials comes out after keeping
mixture of yeast, water and flour in a vessel for
overnight.
19. • As a large accumulation of water in excess
breaks the barrier and mixes other pool of
water and moves haphazardly in various
directions, in the same way Dosha also moves
to different places with the help of Vayu either
alone or in combination.
20. Movement of दोषs from their respective seats to
other parts of the body is called प्रसर
लक्षण –
एवां प्रक
ु क्रपतानाां प्रसरताां वायोः क्रवमागागमनां आटोप
ओष चोष पररदाह िूमायनाक्रन क्रपत्तस्य, अरोचक
अक्रवपाक अङ्गसादश्च छक्रदाश्चेक्रत श्लेष्मणॊ क्रलङ्गाक्रन
भवद्न्त, ति तृतीयः क्रियाकालः । ( सु.सू. २१/३२ )
21. • वात प्रसर लक्षण - वायोः क्रवमागागमनां - वात moves to
different parts leaving its own path
आटोप - abnormal movements of वात with pain
• क्रपत्त प्रसर लक्षण –ओष - localised burning
sensation
चोष - sucking type of pain
पररदाह - burning sensation all over the body
िूमायनां - emitting smoke from the mouth
• कफ प्रसर लक्षण –अरोचक - anorexia
अक्रवपाक - indigestion
अङ्गसाद - lassitude
छक्रदा - vomiting
22. Types of Prasara- 15
Panchaadasha prasaraas are explained with the
involvement of Vata,Pitta,Kapha,Rakta and their
combinations.
1. Vata Prasara
2. Pitta Prasara
3. Kapha Prasara
4. Rakta Prasara
5. Vata pitta Prasara
6. Pitta kapha Prasara
7. Vata kapha Prasara
8. Vata rakta Prasara
9. Pitta rakta Prasara
10. Kapha rakta Prasara
24. Difference between Prakopa and Prasara
“स्थानस्य सक्रपाषः क्वाथ्यमानस्य प्रथमां सांचलनमात्रमेव
प्रकोप: तस्यव च अक्रत क्वथ्यमानस्य फ
े न
मण्डलेत्नो्पाता देशान्तर सरण्म् इव प्रसर:॥”
(सु.सू.21/32.डल्हण)
On heating ghee, it melts and this stage is can be
considered as Prakopa. When the melted ghee is
further heated, it starts frothing and comes out of
the vessel and this is can be considered as Prasara
stage.
25. • तत्र प्रसरां यावद्दोषाणामेव हेतुक्रलङ्गक्रचक्रक्ा,
तदनन्तरां व्यािेररक्रत|| ( सु.सू. २१/३२)
• Hetu linga chikitsa is advised in Prasara
avastha, later vyaadhi chikitsa.
26. 4. स्थानसांश्रयावस्था
प्रसृतानाां पुनदोषाणाां स्रोतोवर्ुण्याद्यत्र सङ्गः स
स्थानसांश्रयः । ( सु.सू. २१/३३)
दोषs which undergo प्रसर gets localised in a
particular स्थान of kha vaigunya (Srotovaigunya)
and leading to the manifestation of व्याक्रि
27. • “स्थानसांश्रक्रयणः ि
ु धा िाक्रवव्याक्रिप्रबोिकम्|
दोषाः क
ु वाद्न्त यद्िङ्ग
ां पूवारूपां तदुच्यते’
( सु.सू. २१/३३)
Agravated Doshas vitiates Dhushyas manifest
certain features, which denotes forthcoming
disease is called as Purvarupa.
Poorvaroopa (premonitory signs and symptoms)
is seen in Sthanasamshrayaavastha of Kriyakala.
28. क
ु क्रपतानाां क्रह दोषाणाां शरीरे पररिावताम् |
यत्र सङ्गः खवर्ुण्याद्व्याक्रिस्तत्रोपजायते ||
( सु.सू. २४/१०)
The aggravated Dosha spread all over the body
and manifest the disease based on the site of
Khavaigunya.
30. • Aggravted Doshas moves all over the body,
when favorable condition arises leading to
Doshadushya Sammurchana and gets localised
in the place of Srotovaigunya and resulting to
Vyadhi.
31. If Doshadushya sammurchana takes place in
Udara- Gulma, Vidradi, Udararoga, Agnivikara,
Aanaaha, Visuchika, Atisara, Pravaahika,
Vilambhika.
Bastigata- Prameha, Ashmari, Mutragata,
Mutradosha.
Medragata- Niruddhaprakasha, Upadamsha,
Shookadosha
34. 5. व्यक्त्त्तावस्था
व्याक्रिः प्रव्यतां रूपां व्यक्त्त्तः ।
( सु.सू. २१/३४ ) (डल्हण)
Manifestation of the diseases, appearance of clear cut
signs and symptoms of the diseases seen in Vyaktavastha.
लक्षण –
अत ऊध्वां व्यािेः दशानां वक्ष्यामः शोफार्ुाद र्ग्रद्िक्रवद्रक्रि क्रवसपा
प्रभृक्रतनाां प्रव्यक्त्त्त लक्षणता ज्वराक्रतसार प्रभृतीनाां च। ति पञ्चमः
क्रियाकालः ।( सु.सू. २१/३४ )
35. Cardinal signs & symptoms of the diseases like
शोफार्ुाद
र्ग्रद्ि क्रवद्रक्रि क्रवसपा are expressed in this stage .
Eg- Santapa is observed in ज्वर
Atisarana in Atisara
37. 6. िेदावस्था
अत ऊध्वं एतेषाां अवदीणाानाां व्रण भावम् आपन्नानाां षष्ठः
क्रियाकालः, ज्वराक्रतसार प्रभृतीनाां च दीर्ाकालानुर्न्धः ।
तिाप्रक्रतक्रियमाणोऽसाध्यताां उपयाद्न्त । ( सु.सू. २१/३५ )
In this stage the disease becomes दीर्ाकालानुर्न्ध
(chronic) & incurable because of failure of diagnosis
in व्यक्त्त्तावस्था.
Eg- ज्वराक्रतसार becomes chronic in nature.
38. • In case of Vrana, it burst and becomes ulcers.
Certain diseases attain chronicity i.e. Jeerna
Jvara, Pravruddha Amavata etc.
• Deerghakalanubhanda refers to two meaning:
• In this stage specific signs and symptoms like
Vataja Jvara, Pittaja Jvara and Kaphaja Jvara
lakshana can be seen.
• It also refers to chronicity of the disease.
39. • This particular stage of manifestation is very
difficult to cure and if not treated at the earliest
disease may become incurable.
40. Importance of क्रियाकाल
• क्रियाकाल determines the stage of disease process &
essential for early diagnosis, prognosis and adopting
preventive.
• सांचयेऽपहृता दोषा लभते न उत्तरा गक्रतः ।
तेत्तु उत्तरासु गक्रतषु भवद्न्त र्लवत्तराः ॥
( सु.सू. २१/३६ )
Disease should be treated in सञ्चयावस्था itself, if not
treated, the disease attains severity and it will be
difficult to treat.
41. Importance of क्रियाकाल
• To understand the disease proper.
• To identify the successive stage of the disease.
• To manage accordingly as per the stages of the
disease.
• Prevention of the progression.
• Prevention of the complication.
