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Random
Sampling at
Kasangkapan sa
Pangangalap ng
Datos
Random Sampling
Ang bawat miyembro ay mayroong
pantay na pagkakataon upang mapili
(EQUIPROBABILITY) at maging bahagi
ng gagawing sampol ng pag-aaral.
Uri ng Random Sampling:
1. Simple Random Sampling
2. Stratified Random Sampling
3. Cluster Random Sampling
1. Simple Random Sampling
-ang bawat miyembro ng populasyon ay may pantay na
pagkakataon na magsilbing sampol.
Halimbawa:
Lottery sampling o fishbowl technique
-sampling na walang kapalit (nababawasan ang probability)
-sampling na may kapalit (pantay ang bilang ng probability)
2.Stratified Sampling
-Pagpili na ang mga tiyak na subgroup ay magkakaroon ng
sapat na bilang ng mga kinatawan sa loob ng sampol
Hakbang:
-Hinahati ang grupo na ang bawat isa ay nabibilang sa katulad
na istratum.
-Gumamit ng parandom sa pagpili ng mga kalahok sa bawat
istratum.
3.Sampling na Klaster
- Tinatawag ding “Area Sampling”. Pumipili ng mga
miyembro ng sampol nang pa-klaster kaysa gumamit
ng hiwalay na mga indibidwal. Klaster na grupo –
grupong may magkakatulad na katangian.
Halimbawa: mga mag-aaral sa isang disiplina.
Uri ng Non-random Sampling:
1. Systematic Sampling
2. Convenience Sampling
3. Purposive Sampling
1.Sistematikong Sampling
- plano para sa pagpili
ng mga miyembro
matapos na mapili nang
pa-random ang
panimula. Pagtiyak sa
sampling interval at
constant sampling
interval
2. Convenience Sampling
- batay sa kaluwagan ng mananaliksik o ang
accessibility nito sa nagsasaliksik
Halimbawa: Pagtawag sa telepono o Pop-up
survey sa internet
3. Purposive Sampling
-ginagamit batay sa paghuhusga at kaalaman ng mananaliksik
upang makuha ang representiveness ng populasyon
Halimbawa:
Paksa: Reaksyon sa RH Bill
Populasyon: Mga Mag-aaral sa Kolehiyo sa Cavite
Sampling: Mga Student-Leader sa bawat
Pamantasan/Kolehiyo sa Cavite
Kasangkapan sa Pangangalap ng
Datos
-Sa bahaging ito, inilalahad ng mananaliksik ang mga
detalye sa paraan ng pangongolekta ng datos na
kinakailangan o ginagamit upang matugunan ang mga
suliraning ipinahayag sa pag-aaral. Maaaring gumamit
ng sarbey, talatanungan(questionnaire-checklist) at
pakikipanayam.
Sa pangangalap ng datos, may
tatlong pangunahing ginagamit:
1. Talatanungan
-Ang talatatanungan ay ginagamit ng mga mananaliksik kung
saan ay isinusulat ang mga tanong na pinasasagutan sa mga
respondente. Ito ang pinakamadaling paraan sa pangagalap
ng datos.
Open-ended na talatanungan- Ang mga respondent ay
malaya sa pagsagot.
Close-ended na talatanungan- uri ng talatanungan ng may
pagpipilian
Sa pangangalap ng datos, may
tatlong pangunahing ginagamit:
2. Ang pakikipanayam
-Ito ay maisasagawa kung possible ang interaksiyong
personal. May dalawang uri ito.
• Binalangkas na pakikipanayam o structured interview
•Di-binalangkas na pakikipanayam o unstructured
interview
Sa pangangalap ng datos, may
tatlong pangunahing ginagamit:
3. Obserbasyon
Kinapapalooban ito ng obserbasyon ng mananaliksik
sa sitwasyong pinag-aaralan. Sa ganitong uri ng pag-
aaral, ang mananaliksik ay natugon sa tuwirang
paglalarawan ng sitwasyong pinag-aaralan at ang
pinakamabuting paraan para makamit ang layuning ito
ay ang pagmamasid dito.
Dalawang uri ng Obserbasyon:
1. Di-pormal na obserbasyon- Itinatala lamang ang mga
napag-usapan at walang limitasyon sa mga impormasyon.
2. Pormal na imbestigasyon o structured observation-
Itinatala rito kung ano lamang ang nais obserbahan at ang
mga posibleng kasagut ay binalangkas. Limitado ang mga
impormasyong makukuha ngunit ito ay mas sistematiko kaysa
sa di-pormal na obserbasyon.

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Pagbasa-at-Pananaliksik ng grade 11 Filipino

  • 2. Random Sampling Ang bawat miyembro ay mayroong pantay na pagkakataon upang mapili (EQUIPROBABILITY) at maging bahagi ng gagawing sampol ng pag-aaral.
  • 3. Uri ng Random Sampling: 1. Simple Random Sampling 2. Stratified Random Sampling 3. Cluster Random Sampling
  • 4. 1. Simple Random Sampling -ang bawat miyembro ng populasyon ay may pantay na pagkakataon na magsilbing sampol. Halimbawa: Lottery sampling o fishbowl technique -sampling na walang kapalit (nababawasan ang probability) -sampling na may kapalit (pantay ang bilang ng probability)
  • 5.
  • 6. 2.Stratified Sampling -Pagpili na ang mga tiyak na subgroup ay magkakaroon ng sapat na bilang ng mga kinatawan sa loob ng sampol Hakbang: -Hinahati ang grupo na ang bawat isa ay nabibilang sa katulad na istratum. -Gumamit ng parandom sa pagpili ng mga kalahok sa bawat istratum.
  • 7.
  • 8. 3.Sampling na Klaster - Tinatawag ding “Area Sampling”. Pumipili ng mga miyembro ng sampol nang pa-klaster kaysa gumamit ng hiwalay na mga indibidwal. Klaster na grupo – grupong may magkakatulad na katangian. Halimbawa: mga mag-aaral sa isang disiplina.
  • 9.
  • 10. Uri ng Non-random Sampling: 1. Systematic Sampling 2. Convenience Sampling 3. Purposive Sampling
  • 11. 1.Sistematikong Sampling - plano para sa pagpili ng mga miyembro matapos na mapili nang pa-random ang panimula. Pagtiyak sa sampling interval at constant sampling interval
  • 12. 2. Convenience Sampling - batay sa kaluwagan ng mananaliksik o ang accessibility nito sa nagsasaliksik Halimbawa: Pagtawag sa telepono o Pop-up survey sa internet
  • 13. 3. Purposive Sampling -ginagamit batay sa paghuhusga at kaalaman ng mananaliksik upang makuha ang representiveness ng populasyon Halimbawa: Paksa: Reaksyon sa RH Bill Populasyon: Mga Mag-aaral sa Kolehiyo sa Cavite Sampling: Mga Student-Leader sa bawat Pamantasan/Kolehiyo sa Cavite
  • 14. Kasangkapan sa Pangangalap ng Datos -Sa bahaging ito, inilalahad ng mananaliksik ang mga detalye sa paraan ng pangongolekta ng datos na kinakailangan o ginagamit upang matugunan ang mga suliraning ipinahayag sa pag-aaral. Maaaring gumamit ng sarbey, talatanungan(questionnaire-checklist) at pakikipanayam.
  • 15. Sa pangangalap ng datos, may tatlong pangunahing ginagamit: 1. Talatanungan -Ang talatatanungan ay ginagamit ng mga mananaliksik kung saan ay isinusulat ang mga tanong na pinasasagutan sa mga respondente. Ito ang pinakamadaling paraan sa pangagalap ng datos. Open-ended na talatanungan- Ang mga respondent ay malaya sa pagsagot. Close-ended na talatanungan- uri ng talatanungan ng may pagpipilian
  • 16. Sa pangangalap ng datos, may tatlong pangunahing ginagamit: 2. Ang pakikipanayam -Ito ay maisasagawa kung possible ang interaksiyong personal. May dalawang uri ito. • Binalangkas na pakikipanayam o structured interview •Di-binalangkas na pakikipanayam o unstructured interview
  • 17. Sa pangangalap ng datos, may tatlong pangunahing ginagamit: 3. Obserbasyon Kinapapalooban ito ng obserbasyon ng mananaliksik sa sitwasyong pinag-aaralan. Sa ganitong uri ng pag- aaral, ang mananaliksik ay natugon sa tuwirang paglalarawan ng sitwasyong pinag-aaralan at ang pinakamabuting paraan para makamit ang layuning ito ay ang pagmamasid dito.
  • 18. Dalawang uri ng Obserbasyon: 1. Di-pormal na obserbasyon- Itinatala lamang ang mga napag-usapan at walang limitasyon sa mga impormasyon. 2. Pormal na imbestigasyon o structured observation- Itinatala rito kung ano lamang ang nais obserbahan at ang mga posibleng kasagut ay binalangkas. Limitado ang mga impormasyong makukuha ngunit ito ay mas sistematiko kaysa sa di-pormal na obserbasyon.