Government of India , UPSC

1. Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
Government of India
Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)
Brain Storming Session on implementation of
Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)
With
State Governments
20th October, 2014

2. Task before us as per Baseline Survey 2013
2
A) Total Number of rural HHs in India 17.13
{B(a) + B(b)}
B) (a) HHs with Toilets 7.41
(b) HHs without Toilets
(BPL + Identified APL) those eligible for Incentives 8.84
Non Identified APLs those not eligible for Incentives
because of category 0.88
Total 9.72
C) Out of 7.41 crore (B)(a), Number of Household with
Defunct Toilets which are defunct or dysfunctional
1.39
Thus, Grand Total of Toilets needed (B) + (C) 11.11
(In crore)

3. Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)
Swachh Bharat Mission launched on 2nd Oct, 2014
by Hon’ble PM.
Objectives
• To make India Open Defecation Free (ODF) India by
2019, by providing access to toilet facilities to all;
• To provide toilets, separately for Boys and Girls in
all schools by 15.8.2015;
• To provide toilets to all Anganwadis;
• Villages to be kept clean with Solid and Liquid
Waste Management.

4. Provisions under Swachh Bharat Mission
(Gramin) for IHHLs
• Incentive IHHL for all APLs belonging to all SCs/STs,
Small and Marginal Farmers, Landless Labourers with
Homestead, Physically Handicapped and Women
Headed Households, and all BPLs
• The unit cost of the Individual Household Latrine
(IHHL) is enhanced from Rs. 10,000 to Rs. 12,000
• Central share for IHHLs to be Rs. 9,000 (75 percent).
The State share to be Rs. 3,000 (25 percent). For
North Eastern States, Jammu and Kashmir and Special
category States, the Central share and the State share
(90%:10%).

5. Provisions under Swachh Bharat Mission
(Gramin)
• Discontinue the part funding from MGNREGA
• Solid and Liquid Waste Management (SLWM) a cap of
Rs. 7/12/15/20 lakh to be applicable for Gram Panchayats
having up to 150/300/500/ more than 500 households on a
Centre and State/GP sharing ratio of 75:25. Additional cost
requirements to be met by State/GP.
• Support for Community Sanitary Complexes to be Rs.
2.00 lakhs at a sharing ration of 60:30:10.
• IEC at 8 percent of total project cost, with 3 percent at the
Central level and 5 percent at State level.
• Administrative Cost at 2 percent of the project cost.

6. • School toilets - Department of School Education and Literacy
Anganwadi toilets - Women and Child Development.
• Triggering ‘Behaviour change’ by intensifying IEC
campaign and Inter Personal Communication (IPC).
• Outputs (Construction) and Outcomes (Usage) will be
monitored.
• Innovative, Low cost and User friendly technologies for
toilet and Solid and Liquid Waste Management to be pursued.
• States, which performs well in their IEC campaign,
behavioural change and toilet construction effort under the
Swachh Bharat Mission to be Incentivised.
Provisions under Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)
cont..

7. Strategy
1. Create demand by Triggering ‘Behaviour change’ by
intensifying IEC campaign and Inter Personal
Communication (IPC).
2. IEC/IPC programme will be assisted by Multilateral
Agencies like UNICEF, World Bank's WSP etc,
national NGOs working on sanitation and groups like
Rotary, Nehru Yuva Kendra etc.
3. Outputs (Construction) and Outcomes (Usage)
will be monitored.

8. Strategy (cont’d)
4. Mechanism of ‘Trigger’ plus Incentives to construct quality
toilets will also be used.
5. Strong Administrative structure required for the Mission
at Central, State and district level. Foot soldiers required
at GP level.
6. Use of Technology to Monitor Household coverage
through a Hand held device to capture photos of
beneficiary, toilet and Lat/Long. coordinates. – Pilot done.
http://tsc.gov.in/tsc/Report_NBA/Panchayat/Rpt_BenfToiletPhotoGraphs.aspx?id=Home

9. Strategy (cont’d)
8. Innovative, Low cost and User friendly technologies for
toilet and Solid and Liquid Waste Management to be
pursued.
9. States, which performs well in their IEC campaign,
behavioural change and toilet construction effort under the
Swachh Bharat Mission to be Incentivised. Gram
Panchayats performing well under the Mission will be
incentivised with funds for Waste Water Management.
10. Launching the Swachh Bharat Award –for Individuals;
Institutions; GPs, Districts; States who do exceptional
work.

10. Strategy (cont’d)
11. Priority shall be accorded to cover households having:
• Old Age Pensioners / Widow Pensioners / Disability
Pensioners (National Social Assistance Programme {NSAP}
beneficiaries)
• Pregnant and lactating mothers covered by Maternal Health
Programmes of Central and State Governments, including
Janani Suraksha Yojana under National Rural Health Mission;
and
• Girl children covered by any Scheme benefiting the girl child.
12. Aim is to saturate coverage in the first instance the
States/ Districts/ GPs in all major river basins of India
e.g. Sutlej , Ravi, Beas, Ganga, Yamuna, Godavari,
Narmada, Tapti, Kaveri, Brahmaputra

11. Recent Initiatives
• Extensive National Swachhata Awareness Campaign
going on from 25th September, 2014 to continue till
31.10.2014, at national State, District and GP levels.
• Baseline Survey Conducted across all States of the Country
in 2012-13. Data of Sanitation Coverage down to the
Household Level available and now being uploaded on the
Management Information System (MIS) for the NBA. Datafor
6.5 crore HHs entered out of total of 17 crore HHs.
• Provision of entering progress under the NBA with names
of Individual beneficiaries, with photographs and
Coordinates
http://tsc.gov.in/tsc/Report_NBA/Panchayat/Rpt_TargetVsAch_SelectionBased.aspx?id=Home
11

12. Recent initiatives cont…
• Provision of Financial support from for Household
toilets through NABARD and other funding being
explored.
• Guidelines for Sanitation of specially abled people
under preparation
• Guidelines of participation of NGOs under
consideration
• Guidelines for MHM under consideration
• SLWM Framework issued
• CSR support mechanism initiated
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13. Issues for Discussion – New Guidelines
(A)Approach:
• Flexibility to States. The proposed SBM(Gramin)
guidelines should be minimalist and give States
maximum freedom, while putting in certain minimum
technical safeguards and financial best practices.
• Flexibility to States in implementation : Through PRIs
or CSOs, CBOs, NGOs etc.
• Within the overarching mandate of State flexibility,
what should be the nature of Guideline from the Center
in this regard? Role of MDWS?
• Incentivisation of good performing States- Methodology

14. (B) What do we measure?
• Health impacts as an/the Outcome indicator.
• Toilet Usage
• ODF. The view was that that it would be possible to
verify if a community was ODF but it would be very
difficult to check for toilet usage at a household level.
• Another suggestion was the monitoring of IEC spend
and their effectiveness. The lack of clear guidelines
and expectations in this area has impacted district
IEC spending. This has to be addressed.

15. (C ) Disbursal of Subsidy/Incentive: Options
I. Giving Incentives to HHs as present; (Permit advance)
II. States to have the option of not giving Incentives at all.
III.Incentive to the individual households after the community is
declared ODF;
IV.Incentive to the GPs/Communities for use for water and
sanitation or other village works.
 These are various suggestions, resulting from different
approaches to implementation, all of which have proved
effective in certain scenarios.
 Should State/District be given the Option.
 Role of MDWS?

16. (D) Foot Soldiers – District, Block Coordinators and
Swachtha Doots (SD):
(i) District And Block Level Personnel :
States to commit to deploy adequate regular full time
staff for the Mission at the State and District levels.
• Full time Block Coordinator (at least One) -
Government personnel or on Contract basis
• Specialized IEC, HRD, SLWM and M&E Consultants
at State level will have to be done at the State and
Districts levels.

17. (ii) Gram Swachhata Doots
• Necessity of a paid Swachhtha Doot. Is Volunteerism
working?
• Objections to create a new cadre.
• Some suggesting increasing the incentive amount per toilet
to the SD to Rs 150/-.
• In some States SD have been useful as there are a lot of
formalities and communication that needs to happen to the
household in the course of the toilet construction. Also
Monitoring, Coordination wand general footwork needed.
• Can the ASHA or Anganwadi worker or SHGs not do this
work.

18. (E) Other Issues
• Involvement of NGOs, CSO, SHGs and Partners at
District and GP Levels – Need for National
Guidelines?
• How to carry out Capacity building. Developing Master
Trainers and Trainers down to the District and Block
levels.
• Supply side management- ensuring availability of
Sanitary ware near each Village.
• Planning of effective IEC, IPC and Triggering
Campaign – Engagement of Support Communication
Agencies.
• Community Monitoring – Compulsory Social Audit

19. (F) Awards
• An award scheme based on Verifying large
number of GPs for ODF status will be a large
logistical exercise and an inappropriate task for
GoI. Quality would be difficult to keep up.
• It may be better to leave this kind of an award to
States to institute for themselves.

20. LET US TOGETHER MAKE
Thank you
Sanitation is more important than
Independence
Cleanliness is next to
Godliness

21. Total Project Cost – Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)
Rs. in crore
S.N. Component Units
under
NBA
Total Centre State Community
Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
1 IHHLs* 68439786 82,127.74 61,595.81 20,531.94
2 Comm. Sanitation
Complexes**
114313 2,286.26 1,371.76 685.88 228.63
3 SLWM for 2,50,000
GPs
36,533.95 27,400.46 9,133.49
4 IEC 8 % (75:25) 10,750.93 8,063.20 2,687.73
5 Admin 2% (75:25) 2,687.73 2,015.80 671.93
Total 1,34,386.61 1,00,447.02 33,710.97 228.63
Department of School Education and Literacy
1 School Toilets By Department of School Education and Literacy
Ministry of Women and Child Development
1 Anganwadi Toilets By Ministry of Women and Child Development
Ministry of Rural Development
1 IHHLs 20000000 Ministry of Rural Development under IAY and
MGNREGS