"Second Language Acquisition" refers to the process through which individuals learn a new language after acquiring their first language. This process involves various cognitive, social, and linguistic factors that influence how individuals develop proficiency in the second language. Factors such as age, exposure, motivation, and learning strategies play crucial roles in determining the success of second language acquisition. Additionally, theories such as the input hypothesis, interactionist approach, and socio-cultural theory provide frameworks for understanding how second languages are acquired. Overall, second language acquisition is a complex and dynamic process that varies from person to person.

1. PSYCHOLINGUISTIC
LUTFIA ADINDA (2105020004)
NENY KUSUMASTUTI (1705020077)

3. THEORITICAL
PRACTICAL

4. PSYCHOLOGICAL
Cognition is responsible for human
learning and information processing.
LINGUISTIC
Language acquistion is based on
innate knowledge of principles being
common to all languages.
SECONDLANGUAGELEARNINGTHEORIES

5. • Chomsky describes this theory as knowledge
that people are born with (LAD) programmed
to process language, all language have the
same principles but different parameters.
• Basically skill of language people already
have without being thought.
• Studying second language acquisition from a
UG perspective deals with language user’s
underlying linguistic ‘competence’ (what they
know) instead of focusing on their linguistic
‘performance’ (what language user actually
says or writes or understands).

6. •
•
•
•
•

7. • Al learning, including language learning,
occurs through a process of imitation,
practice,reinforcementand habbit formtion.
• Environment: Source of linguistic stimuli.
• Focus: Observable behavior.

8. • Cognitive psychology examines internal mental processes such as
problem-solving, memory, and language.
• It hypothesized that second language acquisition, like other learning,
requires the learner’s attention and effort.
• Restructuring is a cognitive process in whichpreviously acquired
information that has been somehow stored in separate categories in
integrated and this integration expands the learner’s competence.

9. Declarative
knowledge
(intentional
language learning)
Controlled
processing with
attention
through repeated
practice
Proceduralized
Knowledge (no
mental effort)
Automatic
processing with
little/no attention

10. • It explains how brain creates networks which connect words or phrases to
other words or phrases (as well as to events and objects) which occur at
the same time
• Links or connections are strengthened through repeated (high frequency)
exposure to linguistic stimuli in specific contexts.

11. • Processability Theory represent a way to relate underlying cognitive processes to stage
in the second language learner’s development (Pienemann, 1998)
• Theory was originally developed as a results of studies of the acquisition of German word
order and, later, on the basis of research with second language learners of English.
• Second language learners were observed to acquire certain syntatic and morphological
features of the second language in predictable stages/ These features were referred to
as ‘developmental’.
• Other features, referred to as ‘variational’, appeared to be learned by some but not all
learners.
• It was suggested that each stage represented a further degree of complexity in
processing strings of words and grammatical makers.
H
E

12. Adjustment Comprehension Acquisition

13. GINYARD INTERNATIONAL CO.
FACILITATOR: MARCELINE ANDERSON MAY 02, 2025
THANKYOU!