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Tb Naufal Dzaki_2306195871_The I 35W Bridge Collapse.pptx
- 4. South end of The I-35W Bridge North end of The I-35W Bridge The I-35W Bridge The 10th Avenue Bridge
- 6. Long Section
- 7. Cross Section (Deck Slab) Slab Concrete (t=3,8cm)
- 10. Additional Layer of Concrete Additional LOAD to the Steel Structure
- 11. Central Barrier Outside Railings ADDITIONAL STATIC LOADS: + 512,56 kg ≈ + 6,1 % • • • • • • • • • • • ADDITIONAL STATIC LOADS (at Construction Process): + 262.176,40 kg = 262 tons
- 12. “Thin” 1,25 cm Gusset Plates • • • Cracks
- 14. DESIGN 1ST REFUBRISHMENT The bridge, officially designated "Bridge 9340", was designed by Sverdrup & Parcel to 1961 by standard specifications of AASHTO (American Association of State Highway Officials). • Rennovation & Reparation of Structure (1970) • Start annual Inspection (1971) 1961 APPROVAL of MDOT and US DOT* Two options of design: • 4-Truss System • 2-Truss System (cheaper) MDOT Approved the cheapest one, using steel of fy 186 MPa 1963 OPERATIONAL Structure was completed and open to traffic, during an era of large-scale projects to build the Twin Cities freeway system. 1967 CONSTRUCTION The construction contracts, worth in total more than $5.2 million at the time, were done by HurCon Inc. and Industrial Construction Company. 1964 1970-1971 *MDOT = Minessota Departement of Transportation US DOT = United State Departement of Transportation DEFECTS Some of “Gusset’s Plates” have been corroded 1993 2nd REFUBRISHMENT 1970-1971 • Central Barriers • Outside Railings
- 15. DEFECTS • Cracking was discovered on steel structure’s plates • Structure was drilled out & reinforced • Monthly Inspection (6 months) Early 2000’s 3rd REFUBRISHMENT • Final Rennovation • Four (4) lanes of road were closed due to rennovation 2007 COLLAPSE ACCIDENT The Accident occurred when stockage of construction material (sands, aggregates, cements) placed alongside with heavy equipments, without concern July 2007 *MDOT = Minessota Departement of Transportation US DOT = United State Departement of Transportation August 1st 2007, 18:05 The Bridge Collapsed
- 16. • • • •
- 17. Containment & Control : • Continuous Maintenance • Careful Handling of Material UNSTABLE STRUCTURE regarding to cracks on steel plates Deviation Cracks on Steel Structures Initiating Cause Overload stockage of material Steel Structure Collapse Preventive Safeguards Structure Re-design & Rework Loss Event Structural Defects (Cracks, etc.) Mitigative Safeguards Alternating equipment & sequence of structure reparation work Impacts Safe Reparation Construction Safely Operating Bridge
- 19. • • • •
- 20. Bridge Collapsed OR Fractured Connections Fractured Beam Fractured Column / Pier OR OR Overloaded Structure Excessive Equipment Placement Excessive Material Stockage AND Design Error Lack of Mainten- -ance Construction Method Error Defects of Structure
- 22. • • •
- 23. Defects of Steel Structure Construction Method Error Design Error Potential Causes Potential Outcomes BEFORE AFTER Hazard: Normal Operating Structural- Defected Bridge Structural Failure Traffic Jam Human Casualties