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SYSTEM CONCEPTS  LESSON 27  COMPUTER SYSTEM SOFTWARE USER Hardware
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
iii. Output devices: shows people the process data information  (Eg: printer, plotter, speaker, monitor, LCD projector, woofer, headphone)  iv. Storage devices:- help users to store programs and data to be used at a later time.  (Eg: Floppy disk, diskette, CD-ROM, DVD ROM, flash memory card, pen drive, hard disk, floppy disk.)
Computer system  Computer  Software  User  Computer  Hardware  Processor  Input devices  Storage  Devices  Output  Devices  Application  software System  software ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Input  Output  PROCESSOR The information processing cycle  LESSON 29 Storage
Machine Cycle  Processor  Fetching  Storing  Executing Decoding
Data representation  Data measurement  Clock speed measurement  Binary digit 1= on , true , yes  0 = off, false, no Kilobyte (KB ) 1 KB = 2  10  bytes  1 hertz =  1 cycle  1 second  Bit  (smallest unit of data ) Megabyte (MB) 1 MB = 2 20   bytes  1 MHZ =  1,000,000 cycle  1 second  Byte  1 byte =8 bits  Eg: 3, a, Z Gigabyte (GB) 1 MB = 2 30   bytes  1 GHZ =  1,000,000,000 cycle  1 second  1 GHZ= 1000 MHZ Character  1 byte= one character  Eg: 01000110 = F Terabyte (MB) 1 GB = 2 40   bytes
Morse code (1791-1872) History of character codes  Telegraph (1845-1903) Hollenrith Code (1850-1929) ASCII (1963)
ASCII ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Exercice 1: Tick the column with correct answers  Devices  Input / output  Text  Graphic  Audio / sound  Video  Pointing  Keyboard  Input / Virtual keyboard  Bar code reader Scanner  Digital camera Microphone  CCTV camera  Webcam Digital video camera Mouse  Trackball Graphics tablet  Touch screen  Monitor  Printer LCD projector Speaker Facsimile machine  Headphone Woofer
Motherboard
Components of motherboard 1
Components of motherboard 2
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Central processing unit  (CPU) LESSON 29, 37,39 What is CPU? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],What the functions of the CPU? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How data is processed by the CPU When a user starts a program, its instruction are transferred from storage device to the memory.  The users enters the data needed by the program.  The control unit the interpret and executes instructions in the memory.  The Arithmetic Logic unit the performs calculation on the data in the memory. As a result, information is then stored in the memory. Information can then be sent to an output device or a storage device.
computer storage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Two types of the computer storage? 1. Primary storage  2. Secondary storage  LESSON 40
Computer storage   Volatile – the content is lost when a computer’s power is turned off  LESSON 40, 42 Primary secondary  Secondary storage  Installed internally  Installed externally Store, read, written or retrieve data  Alternative storage  RAM –volatile  ROM – non –volatile  Non-volatile  permanently
Differences between RAM and ROM LESSON 41 RAM ROM Data & program Stores during or after processing  Stored by manufacturer Content  Store information temporarily Stores instructions permanently  Processing time  Fast, but uses a lot of power  Fast, uses little power  Volatility  Volatile  Non-volatile
software System software  Application software  Operating system  Utility program Eg: Operating  System 1. Linux  2. Mac os x 3. Unix  4 Windows XP Eg: Utility  Program 1. Antivirus  2. File manager  3. Diagnostic utility  4  screen saver  Eg: Application  Software 1.  Word processing  2.  spreadsheet 3.  Database  4  Presentation  LESSON 43,44 ,48
System software VS Application software LESSON 43 System software Application software Usage  Enables the computer to function properly Enables users to work efficiently with documentation such as letters. Need  Compulsory Optional  No. of software Each computer only needs one system software  Each computer have more than one software  Dependency Independent  Dependent  Function  Provides the environment in which the application run  Enable users to accomplish specific tasks.
Differences between operating system and utility program LESSON 44 Operating system  Utility program  Contain instructions that coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources. Perform maintenance type task, usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its program  Computer cannot be used or started without an operating system Helps managing  a computer easier, computers can still be used or started without it.  Linux, Mac OSX, Unix, Windows XP Antivirus, anti-spyware, screen saver, firewall, file manager.…
LESSON 45 1. Define the operating system? Is a set of program that schedule task, allocates storage and  Presents a default interface to the user between applications.  2. State the functions of the operating system?  a) Starting a computer  b) Providing a user interface  c) Managing data and program, memory d) Configuring devices   3. State 3 different user interfaces of operating system. a) Command line  b) menu-driven c) GUI
Give the correct operating system for this platforms  LESSON 44,45, 54 Platforms  Operating system  PC platform  Disk operating system (DOS), windows xp Apple platform Mac OS, MAC OS X  Cross-platform  Unix, Linux
Utility program…… Exercises ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The tasks/ usages of the application software:  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],M/s 127-129 LESSON 48
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
6. DROP CAP  allow you to offset the first letter of the sentences or paragraph. 7. WATERMARK  Any text or graphic image that is printed to overlap the existing text in a document. either in the background or foreground.  8. CROP in graphic software. used for cropping or cutting picture down to size.
Proprietary Software Vs Open Source Software  LESSON 56 Proprietary Software Open Source Software Definition Closed source software Not closed software Examples of software 1. MS-DOS 2. MAC OS 3. UNIX 4. Windows XP 1. OpenOffice.org 2. PHP-Nuke 3. The GIMP 4. Mozilla  1. Runs on a wide range of hardware  2. Largest market share 3. Built in utilities 1. Runs on a wide range of hardware 2. Largest number of user interface type  3. Used as server or desktop PC
Advantages of the software ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Disadvantages of the software 1. Manufacturer in pressure  2. Security is a major issues. 1. No exact knowledge 2. Codes are too complicated
Lesson 66 Pervasive computing  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Chapter 2(answer)2

  • 1. SYSTEM CONCEPTS LESSON 27 COMPUTER SYSTEM SOFTWARE USER Hardware
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  • 3. iii. Output devices: shows people the process data information (Eg: printer, plotter, speaker, monitor, LCD projector, woofer, headphone) iv. Storage devices:- help users to store programs and data to be used at a later time. (Eg: Floppy disk, diskette, CD-ROM, DVD ROM, flash memory card, pen drive, hard disk, floppy disk.)
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  • 5. Input Output PROCESSOR The information processing cycle LESSON 29 Storage
  • 6. Machine Cycle Processor Fetching Storing Executing Decoding
  • 7. Data representation Data measurement Clock speed measurement Binary digit 1= on , true , yes 0 = off, false, no Kilobyte (KB ) 1 KB = 2 10 bytes 1 hertz = 1 cycle 1 second Bit (smallest unit of data ) Megabyte (MB) 1 MB = 2 20 bytes 1 MHZ = 1,000,000 cycle 1 second Byte 1 byte =8 bits Eg: 3, a, Z Gigabyte (GB) 1 MB = 2 30 bytes 1 GHZ = 1,000,000,000 cycle 1 second 1 GHZ= 1000 MHZ Character 1 byte= one character Eg: 01000110 = F Terabyte (MB) 1 GB = 2 40 bytes
  • 8. Morse code (1791-1872) History of character codes Telegraph (1845-1903) Hollenrith Code (1850-1929) ASCII (1963)
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  • 10. Exercice 1: Tick the column with correct answers Devices Input / output Text Graphic Audio / sound Video Pointing Keyboard Input / Virtual keyboard Bar code reader Scanner Digital camera Microphone CCTV camera Webcam Digital video camera Mouse Trackball Graphics tablet Touch screen Monitor Printer LCD projector Speaker Facsimile machine Headphone Woofer
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  • 15. How data is processed by the CPU When a user starts a program, its instruction are transferred from storage device to the memory. The users enters the data needed by the program. The control unit the interpret and executes instructions in the memory. The Arithmetic Logic unit the performs calculation on the data in the memory. As a result, information is then stored in the memory. Information can then be sent to an output device or a storage device.
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  • 17. Computer storage Volatile – the content is lost when a computer’s power is turned off LESSON 40, 42 Primary secondary Secondary storage Installed internally Installed externally Store, read, written or retrieve data Alternative storage RAM –volatile ROM – non –volatile Non-volatile permanently
  • 18. Differences between RAM and ROM LESSON 41 RAM ROM Data & program Stores during or after processing Stored by manufacturer Content Store information temporarily Stores instructions permanently Processing time Fast, but uses a lot of power Fast, uses little power Volatility Volatile Non-volatile
  • 19. software System software Application software Operating system Utility program Eg: Operating System 1. Linux 2. Mac os x 3. Unix 4 Windows XP Eg: Utility Program 1. Antivirus 2. File manager 3. Diagnostic utility 4 screen saver Eg: Application Software 1. Word processing 2. spreadsheet 3. Database 4 Presentation LESSON 43,44 ,48
  • 20. System software VS Application software LESSON 43 System software Application software Usage Enables the computer to function properly Enables users to work efficiently with documentation such as letters. Need Compulsory Optional No. of software Each computer only needs one system software Each computer have more than one software Dependency Independent Dependent Function Provides the environment in which the application run Enable users to accomplish specific tasks.
  • 21. Differences between operating system and utility program LESSON 44 Operating system Utility program Contain instructions that coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources. Perform maintenance type task, usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its program Computer cannot be used or started without an operating system Helps managing a computer easier, computers can still be used or started without it. Linux, Mac OSX, Unix, Windows XP Antivirus, anti-spyware, screen saver, firewall, file manager.…
  • 22. LESSON 45 1. Define the operating system? Is a set of program that schedule task, allocates storage and Presents a default interface to the user between applications. 2. State the functions of the operating system? a) Starting a computer b) Providing a user interface c) Managing data and program, memory d) Configuring devices 3. State 3 different user interfaces of operating system. a) Command line b) menu-driven c) GUI
  • 23. Give the correct operating system for this platforms LESSON 44,45, 54 Platforms Operating system PC platform Disk operating system (DOS), windows xp Apple platform Mac OS, MAC OS X Cross-platform Unix, Linux
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  • 27. 6. DROP CAP allow you to offset the first letter of the sentences or paragraph. 7. WATERMARK Any text or graphic image that is printed to overlap the existing text in a document. either in the background or foreground. 8. CROP in graphic software. used for cropping or cutting picture down to size.
  • 28. Proprietary Software Vs Open Source Software LESSON 56 Proprietary Software Open Source Software Definition Closed source software Not closed software Examples of software 1. MS-DOS 2. MAC OS 3. UNIX 4. Windows XP 1. OpenOffice.org 2. PHP-Nuke 3. The GIMP 4. Mozilla 1. Runs on a wide range of hardware 2. Largest market share 3. Built in utilities 1. Runs on a wide range of hardware 2. Largest number of user interface type 3. Used as server or desktop PC
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