Reshaping mobile broadband with 5G communication technologies

1. Reshaping mobile broadband with
5G communication technologies
5G World Summit 2014
24th – 25th June, Amsterdam
Dr Shahram G Niri
General Manager, 5GIC (5G Innovation Centre)
CCSR, University of Surrey

2. Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this presentation
are those of the author / presenter and do not necessarily reflect
the official position of the CCSR or 5GIC.

3. Introduction to 5GIC
3
5GIC: 5G Innovation Center
 A successful funding bid made by the University of Surrey to the
UK Research Partnership Investment Fund (UKRPIF)
 Supported by additional contributions from a consortium of
enthusiastic and forwarding-thinking operators, infrastructure and
solution providers (Founding Members)
 Will provide research and business engagement opportunities for
multinational companies and SME
 The 5GIC is the world's first dedicated 5G programme and an
international hub for telecommunication research and innovation
with a unique large scale 5G test-bed for network testing.
www.surrey.ac.uk/5gic

4. Ubiquitous, high quality and affordable communications (essential to the
functioning of modern life & society)
Around half of over 3 B devices connected to internet today are via
wireless networks
Increasingly the internet is being formed as network of ‘things’, rather than
network of computers
Hyper-connectivity of billions of devices nut just P2P but P2D, D2D, M2M
makes the Internet-of-Things an ever growing phenomenon
Users are adopting new habits, how they use mobile phones and how they
access the internet
More powerful and enabled devices are becoming available and affordable
Services are also growing in multiplicity, diversity and richness of content
End user delight is absolutely essential to the success of telecom industry
Broadband the 4th Utility
+
Mobile Broadband Outlook
Transport Commerce
Education Health
UtilityICT
Telecommunication at the heart of
several industries, Transport, Utility,
Education, Health & Commerce
4

5. Drivers for 5G
Growing Population
Hyper Connectivity
Limited Resources
Higher Capacity
Green Technology
Cost Efficiency
5
Quality of Experience
Number of connections and also the volume of data over
wireless networks continuously growing at a significant rate
Users more demanding on quality & price
Sustainability of mobile broadband business
(ever increasing traffic, higher TCO and flattening ARPU)
3G & 4G both promised improvements in NW capacity, data rate,
efficiency, cost and quality
 5G will be no exception but the sheer scale of the challenges this
time makes 5G research different
5G needs to embrace a significant leap forward in terms of targets
Spectrum:
finite resource, scarce & expensive

6. New air interface
Spectrum & radio frequency, millimetre wave
New NW architecture, Intelligent & adaptive network
“Perception of infinite capacity for users”
Quality of Experience (Latency & Reliability)
New services, e.g. Device 2 device
Rethinking spectrum allocation, sharing, reframing
Licensed &unlicensed operation
Integrated NW & services (Mobile+ Broadcast/Multicast)
Lowering TCO (cost per bit / km2)
Greener telecommunications
Increasing life time of the products (delivering technology through SW)
Network sharing
New revenue models
Utility service type operation
5G: A Paradigm Shift & Rethinking of Mobile Business
6
Technology
Services
Policy
Economics
BusinessModel

7. Multiple access
Carrier bandwidth
RT Delay
TDMA
124 KHz
150 ms
WCDMA
5 MHz
50 ms
OFDMA&CS-OFDM
20 ->100 MHz
10 ms
Small Cell / High frequency
100 Mhz -> higher
0.1-1 ms
Data rate 9.6 - 100 kb/s
-> GPRS
2 - 42 / 100 Mb/s
-> HSPA+ & MC
300 Mb/s - 1 Gb/s
-> LTE-A
10 – 100 Gb/s
Asymmetric & balanced UL/DL
Transport TDM
Copper & MW
TDM/ATM
Copper & MW
IP/MPLS
Fiber & MW
IP/MPLS - Self Backhauling
Fiber, MW & mmW
Core NW CS Core CS and PS core All PS (Flat IP) NFV SDN
Services Voice /SMS Voice & Data
/Multimedia
IP Voice & Data
Mobile Internet
IP Voice & Data (HD, 3D, …)
TV (Broadcast & Multicast), D2D
Service Pricing Voice and SMS
Usage based
Usage based ->
Unlimited/Capped
Unlimited/Capped OTT, Cloud
Free voice(?), Unlimited/Capped
Spectrum L band
Licenced operation
L band
Licenced operation
L & S band
Licenced operation
Millimetre band (C, K, E, ….)
Licensed & unlicensed operation
Spectrum sharing
2G (GSM)
3G (UMTS)
4G (LTE)
Full IP
Flat Architecture
Efficiency
1 STD
Capacity & Spectral efficiency
QoE
New Services (?)
New operation models
Digital
Mobility
Roaming
4+ STDs
2.5G
GPRS
3.5G
HSPA
LTE-A
Multi-media
CS & PS
2 STDs
5G
1990’s 2000’s 2010’s 2020’s
SDR
Technology & Standards Evolution
7

8. New Air Interface (Small Cells)
New waveforms
New duplexing
New MAC
Higher order modulation
Multi-cell cooperation
Interference cancelation / utilization
Massive MIMO / Distributed MIMO
MU 3D Beam forming
Radio Frequency
Millimeter wave
New licensing regime
Licensed & unlicensed band operation
Spectrum sharing
Indoor-Outdoor operation
Cognitive radio and network
Opportunistic & adaptive use of resources
Spectrum sensing
Automated networks/ Plug & play
Lower and smarter use of energy
Mixed Cell & Het-Net management
Centralized RAN / Cloud RAN
SW Defined Radio (SDR) & Networks (SDN)
Separation of data & control planes
Integrated NW (Mobile+ broadcast/multicast)
Network sharing
Research Challenges For 5G
New NW Architecture
Intelligent & Adaptive Networks
8

9. ,
interference 0
log 1
j k
k
i
i j
P
C W
P N
  
       
  

 
Multi-cell Cooperation
Coordinated Scheduling
3D Beam forming
Higher order modulation
More Spectrum
Carrier Aggregation
Full-duplex radio
Cognitive Radio
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing
Non-orthogonal transmission
More Antennas (Large MIMO)
Interference cancelation / utilization
Higher Capacity to be delivered by a combination of several
techniques AND densification of network
Focus on area spectral efficacy NOT JUST link spectral efficiency
Designed for small Cells (Capacity), extended to coverage
More spectrum (Licensed & unlicensed operation, Spectrum
sharing AND other sources)
 Sub 1GHz for coverage, sub 6GHz as core spectrum AND
mmWave (10-100 GHz) for ultra dense access & backhaul
Better use of resources (Cloud Radio – Baseband)
Designed for Mesh NW, D2D, Self backhauling (devices
powerful enough to act as NW nodes)
Capacity (New Air Interface )
X10
(Faster than 4G) X100+
(Connections)
X1000+
(Capacity)
9
10 100 1000

10. Quality, Efficiency & Cost
TCO
OPEX
60%
CAPEX
40%
Sub 1 ms latency &
99.99% reliability
and availability
Greener Telecom
10
Super low latency:
oFor new services (MTC, gaming, ….)
oDistributed control
oFaster signaling for higher data rate
Super reliable:
o For new services and applications
o Smart transport, e-health, intelligent control
o May need a tradeoffs in capacity, coverage and data rate
Greener technology (Energy efficiency)
oCurrent 2% ICT share of CO2 emission is likely to raise
oPower consumption doubled in past 5 years
oMore power efficient HW & SW,
oReducing signaling through intelligent O&M and SON
oAlternative energy sources
Lower CTO
Reduced Total Cost of Ownership
oFor x1000 do we need to achieve 1/1000
delivery cost per bit?
oCost will need to be recalculated as bit/km2
o Saving through energy consumption
oSaving through lower cost of operation (plug
& play, self managed NW)
oSpectrum and infrastructure sharing
oLonger HW life cycle time
oNew business models (new revenue models)

11.  3G: Started in 1989, standards in 1999,
commercial system in 2003
 4G: Started in 2000, standards in 2008,
commercial in 2011
 5G: Already started, standards in 2017+,
commercial readiness in 2020
Cellular standards quick to arrive and slow to leave
~ 10 years between major new standards
Average of 20 years from STD to peak deployment
2G in 1990’s, 3G in 2000’s, 4G in 2010’s AND 5G in 2020’s
5G Time Lines
11

12. Capacity the biggest driver for 5G will not be delivered via one technique but a combination of several techniques
 Much denser network and small cells will be a key part of 5G design
 NW will need to be designed with future services/application in mind BUT not for particular services
Spectrum remains to be the greatest challenge for telecom industry
Sharing is a must in 5G – spectrum sharing to be enabled both in terms of technology and also business model
 Sharing is good for 5G - greater degree of sharing, site, infrastructure, … (new operation and business models)
The shape of NW architecture will need to change – mobile to play a role as NW node (D2D,mesh NW, …)
Telecom industry needs to cope with exponential growth phenomenon!
 5G success depends not only on the underlying technologies but also in rethinking business models, policies and
economics around radio spectrum regulation
12
Concluding Remarks

13. Thank You