El arte veraz: visualización e infografía para comunicación
1. EL ARTE VERAZ
Visualización e infografía para comunicación
Alberto Cairo, Twitter: @albertocairo
www.albertocairo.com , www.thefunctionalart.com
2 de noviembre
de 2016
6. A visualization is a
graphical representation
designed to enable
exploration, analysis, or
communication
2012 2016
7.
8. Figures represented
in all these graphics:
22%, 25%, 34%, 29%, 32%
Length or height
A
A B C D E
B
C
D
E
Position
Angle/area Line weight
Hue and shade
Area
A
B
C
D
E
A
B
C
D
E
A
B C
D
E
A
A B C D E
B
D
C E
A B C D E
A B C D E
A B C D E
9. “The median score is 72 over 100”
Result: Unhappy students
Based on RichardThaler’s Misbehaving:The Making of Behavioral Economics
10. “The median score is 72 over 100”
Result: Unhappy students
“The median score is 96 over 137”
Result: Happy students!
Based on RichardThaler’s Misbehaving:The Making of Behavioral Economics
11. Based on RichardThaler’s Misbehaving:The Making of Behavioral Economics
Maximum
100
Average score
72
FIRST EXAM
Minimum
0
50
Maximum
137
Average score
96
SECOND EXAM
FIRST
SECO
Minimum
0
50
Maximu
100
Maximu
137
Avera
Avera
12.
13. Michael E. Mann, Raymond S.
Bradley, and Malcolm K. Hughes
Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC),Third
Report, 2001
http://www.meteo.psu.edu/holocene/
public_html/Mann/research/
res_pages/old/mbh99.html
22. 2014 Partisan Advantages Among Whites,
by Year of Birth
Source: Merged Pew Research Center surveys conducted in 2014.
PEW RESEARCH CENTER
MORE DEMOCRATIC/
DEMOCRATIC LEANING
MORE REPUBLICAN/
REPUBLICAN LEANING
YEAR OF
BIRTH AGE
1996
1981
1965 49
33
18
1946 68
851929
+30 +20 +10 +10 +20 +300
+30 +20 +10 +10 +20 +300
Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent Generation
2014 overall:
+8.6R
Individual year
3-year rolling
average
Pew Research Center
25. Good visualizations...
1.They are based on good data
2.They attract readers’ attention
3.They don’t frustrate readers
4.They show the right amount of data
26. Good visualizations...
1.They are based on good data
2.They attract readers’ attention
3.They don’t frustrate readers
4.They show the right amount of data
27. Good visualizations...
1.They are based on good data
2.They attract readers’ attention
3.They don’t frustrate readers
4.They show the right amount of data
28. Good visualizations...
1.They are based on good data
2.They attract readers’ attention
3.They don’t frustrate readers
4.They show the right amount of data
29. Good visualizations...
1.They are based on good data
2.They attract readers’ attention
3.They don’t frustrate readers
4.They show the right amount of data
30. This is why I don’t consider this an “infographic”
33. 1990 92 96 98 02 04 06 08 1000 2013
$16
$12
$8
$4
$16
Cable Industry Infrastructure Expenditures
In billions
Telecommunications
Act is passed
(“Deregulation”)
Cable Television
Consumer Protection
and Competition Act
(“Regulation”)
1993-1996
$14 billion
1999-2003
$56 billion
Less regulation =
More Industry Investment
Following
1992 Cable
Regulations
After
regulations
were relaxed
35. Good visualizations...
1.They are based on good data
2.They attract readers’ attention
3.They don’t frustrate readers
4.They show the right amount of data
39. How Music Preferences Have Changed in Two Decades
Music styles preferred by University of Miami students. Survey based on interviews with 1,000 students.
SOURCE: WishfulThinkingData Inc.
Hard Rock
Hip-Hop
Reggae
Country Classic
Samba
1994 2014
35%
25%
20%
10%
5%5%
Hard Rock
Hip-Hop
Reggae
Country Classic
Samba
40. How Music Preferences Have Changed in Two Decades
Music styles preferred by University of Miami students. Survey based on interviews with 1,000 students.
SOURCE: WishfulThinkingData Inc.
Hard Rock
Hip-Hop
Reggae
Country Classic
Samba
1994 2014
35%
25%
20%
10%
5%5%
Hard Rock
Hip-Hop
Reggae
Country Classic
Samba
How Music Preferences
Have Changed in Two Decades
Music styles preferred by University of Miami students.
Survey based on interviews with 1,000 students.
SOURCE: WishfulThinkingData Inc.
0
10
20
30
40%
Hip-Hop
Reggaeton
Country
Classic
Samba
Hard Rock
1994 2014
Reggae
44. Good visualizations...
1.They are based on good data
2.They attract readers’ attention
3.They don’t frustrate readers
4.They show the right amount of data