1. Before you attempt the question given to you as
an assignment … you must take note of the
following information:
◦ A primary goal of terrorism is to disrupt society by
causing widespread psychological damage and social
disruption
◦ Secondly, the purpose of terrorism is to provoke social,
political and economic fall-out
2. September 11 Attacks
◦ Loss of life and property cost insurance companies close
to US$40 million
◦ Loss of business to the airline industry as people were
afraid of flying following the incidents
Government bail-outs were necessary to help support the
airline industry and prevent airlines from closing down
Despite this, many airlines cut down by retrenching staff or
cutting down orders for new aircraft
As people were afraid to fly, the tourism industry in some
countries suffered
3. Bali Bombings 2002
◦ Bali’s main source of income is tourism (resorts,
restaurants, leisure, shopping, etc)
◦ Incomes fell by 50% following the bomb attacks and the
effects were devastating on the people
Many businesses had to close down
◦ The Indonesian government faced pressure to relieve the
hardships of the people
If hardships are not relieved, there is a likelihood of social
unrest as people would resort to protesting against the
government or turning to crime and looting in order to
survive
4. Economic Political Social
• Loss of life and • Tightening of • Knee-jerk
property from Sept border security and reactions to crises
11 cost insurance immigration • Extremist rhetoric
companies US$40 clearance and sensitive
billion • Counter-terrorism political
• Loss of business legislation that developments over
for the airline infringe on people
industry had to be individual freedom • Preparing
‘cured’ through and personal Singaporeans to be
huge government privacy psychologically
bail-outs and socially
resilient
5. Economic Social
• Loss of income • Causes suspicion and tension among
for Balinese different ethnic and religious groups
following the Bali • Causes paranoia and fear
bombings as • Resulted in the Community
tourist levels fell by Engagement Programme as a long-
50% term effort to ensure social cohension
• Government and harmony even in the face of crisis
spending on and to put in place response plans
security has also
increased (e.g.
security personnel,
security exercises)
6. Although Singapore is fortunate
enough to have been spared the
horrors faced London, NY, Madrid
and Bali, we must not slacken in
our defence
YES. WE ARE PREPARED … ONCE
WE COME TOGETHER IN TOTAL
DEFENCE…
OUR SAFETY IS OUR
RESPONSIBILITY
OUR NEGLIGENCE IS OUR
CONSEQUENCE
7. Points to take note
when evaluating:
◦ Transnational terrorism
is a global threat which
requires EVERYONE’S
efforts
◦ No one country can
defeat terrorism on it’s
own
8. ASEAN’s Efforts to Manage Terrorism:
◦ Terrorism viewed as a major threat and
challenge to peace and security in the
region
◦ Terrorism impedes progress and prosperity
◦ ASEAN pledges its support to cooperate
against transnational terrorists through
joint-police / armed forces and intelligence
measures
9. ASEAN’s Efforts to Manage Terrorism:
◦ The Capture of Fathur Rohman Al-Ghozi
Jemaah Islamiyah bomb-maker
Involved in the bombing on a LRT train in the
Philippines
Lead character in the plot to bomb targets in
western Singapore
Was in possession of explosives intended for
use in Singapore
◦ Based on information provided by
Singapore, the Philippines was able to
apprehend Fathur, who was killed in a
shoot-out with police
10.
11. International Efforts to Combat Terrorism:
◦ UN Resolutions
Freeze financial assets of terrorists and their
supporters
Deny terrorists travel and safe haven
Prevent terrorist recruitment and weapons supply
Co-operate on information sharing and criminal
persecution
◦ UN Counter Terrorism Committee
to monitor member countries’ adherence to the
resolutions
to strengthen the counter-terrorism capacity of UN
member states
provide technical assistance to countries who need
help in implementing the resolutions
12. Successful or Not
Successful?
◦ Successful:
US$200 million of
terrorist funding seized
4,000 terrorist suspects
arrested through shared
information
◦ Not Successful:
Ability of terrorists to
escape security
restrictions
Ability to recruit and
influence people to join
their cause (via Internet)
13. Nurturing an
Environment that
Censures (Condemns)
Terrorism:
◦ Society must be firm
in denying terrorists
and their warped
ideas to have space
in society
◦ Society must be firm
and actively reject
terrorism with ONE
VOICE
