3. What is DSP ?
• Converting a continuously changing
waveform (analog) into a series of discrete
levels (digital)
4. What is DSP?
• DSP = Digital Signal Processing
OR
DSP = Digital Signal Processor?
• DSP used to denote both
o meaning can be deduced from the context in
which the term DSP is used.
• What is a Digital Signal Processor (DSP)?
o Microprocessor specifically designed to
perform fast DSP operations (e.g., Fast
Fourier Transforms, inner products, Multiply
& Accumulate)
6. How Does It Work?
• Now that we can slice up a waveform and convert it into
digital form, let’s take a look at how it is used in DSP
• Draw a simple waveform on graph paper
o Scale appropriately
• “Gather” digital data points to represent the waveform
7. How Does It Work?
• Once the waveform is in digital form, the real power of
DSP can be realized by mathematical manipulation of
the data
• Using EXCEL spreadsheet software can assist in
manipulating the data and making graphs quickly
• Let’s first do a little filtering of noise
8. How Does It Work?
• Using your raw digital data, create a new table of
data that averages three data points
o Average the point before and the point after with the point in the
middle
o Enter all data in EXCEL to help with graphing
9. How Does It Work?
• Swap your waveform data with a partner
• Using the data, recreate the waveform on a sheet of
graph paper
14. High Performance Processors
Low power
Average Performance
Cost Effective
Ultra Low power
High Performance
Cost Effective
Year: 1999
Year: 2014
Time
P
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r
f
o
r
m
a
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c
e
P
o
w
e
r
Ref: http://www.xilinx.com
15. Types of DSP
• Low End Fixed Point
o TMS320C2XX, ADSP21XX, DSP56XXX
• High End Fixed Point
o TMS320C55XX, DSP16XXX,
o ADSP215XX, DSP56800
• Floating Point
o TMS320C3X, C67XX, ADSP210XX,
DSP96000, DSP32XX
• Berkeley Design Tech.
16.
17. 17
What is Signal
Processing?
• Example of Signals:
o Analog: Speech, Music, Photos, Video, radar,
sonar, …
o Discrete-domain/Digital:
• digitized speech, digitized music, digitized
images, digitized video, digitized radar and
sonar signals,…
• stock market data, daily max temperature data,
...
ProcessingSignal in Signal out
Operation, Transformation
(Analog or Digital) (Analog or Digital)
18. 18
What is Digital Signal
Processing?
• But what about analog signals?
Digital ProcessingDigital Signal in Digital Signal out
Operation, Transformation performed
on digital signals (using a computer or
other special-purpose digital hardware)
Analog Signal
in
Analog-to-
Digital (A/D)
Conversion
Digital Processing
Digital-to-
Analog (D/A)
Conversion
24. Why Go Digital?
• Programmability
o One hardware can perform several tasks.
o Upgradeability and flexibility.
• Repeatability
o Identical performance from unit to unit.
o No drift in performance due to temperature or
aging.
• Immune to noise
• Offers higher performance : CD players
versus phonographic turntable
25. ADVANTAGES OF DSP
1. The main advantage of digital signals over analog signals
is that the precise signal level of the digital signal is not
vital
2. Digital signals can convey information with greater noise
immunity,
3. It enables multi-directional transmission simultaneously.
4. It is more secure.
5. Enables transmission of signals over a long distance.
6. Digital signals typically use less bandwidth
7. Size is small
26. DISADVANTAGES OF DSP
1. Expensive
2. Harder to design
3. Echo Cancellation
4. Loss of information
