Pulse diseases slide collected and edited by Syed Zahid

1. DISEASES OF PULSES
Syed Zahid Hasan

2. DISEASES OF PULSES

3. Major Pulse Crops In Bangladesh
 Black gram/Mash kolai (Vigna mungo)
 Gram/Chhola/Chickpea (Cicer arietinum)
 Pea/Motor/Field pea/Garden pea (Pisum sativum)
 Pigeon pea/Arhar (Cajanus cajan)
 Lentil/Masur (Lens culinaris)
 Mung bean (Vigna radiate)
 Grass pea/Khesari (Lathyrus sativus)

4. LIST OF PULSE DISEASES

5. Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani,
Sclerotium rolfsii , Phytopthora, Pythium
Foot and root rot
Symptoms (Fusarium oxysporum)
Plants are generally stunted with yellowed leaves
Brown lesion develops on the taproot that can
cover all the roots
Dark brown to black rotten area can
observe on collar region
Tap root become black in color and destroy
of lateral roots
White mycelium develop at the base of the plant
(Host: all pulses)
Fusarium root rot-infected
chickpea plant

6. Base of the plant become narrow
Yellowing of the leaf
Causes chocolate-coloured to dark red
lesions on collar region that are much
more distinct
Small black or brown sclerotia may form
inside the stem.
Rhizoctonia solani

7. Sclerotium rolfsii
Yellowing of the leaf is the first visible symptoms
White mycelial mat and mustard seed like sclerotia
can be seen at the base of the infected plant
Brown lesion develops on the taproot and collar
region

8. Life cycle
Secondary disease spread..
rain splash, irrigation water
Harvesting
of crops
Infected seeds
crop residues
Plant debris
infested soil
Seed
germination
Seedlings
infection
Mycelia, conidia,
sclerotia, spore
Mycelia, conidia, sclerotia,
Chlamydospore

9. Predisposition factors
 High tem (30-35 0c)
 High RH/ moisture
 High O.M
Disease spread with mycelia,
conidia, sclerotia, chlamydospore,
by irrigation and rain splash
Spray with Macuprax / Bavistin @ 0.2 % at 30-45 days of plant
Dissemination / overwintering
Management practice
Drying of lands before sowing
Destruction of crop residues
Crop rotation
Sowing healthy seeds
Good drainage system
Seed treatment with bio-fertilizer or vitavax 200 @ 0.2%

10. Cercospora leaf spot of Bean
Cercospora cruenta
Gray centre
Several spot coalesce together to form
bigger, irregular lesion that cause shot
hole
Symptoms
Water soak lesion appear on leaf blade
Mature spots are small and circular,
Spots are raddish brown border with gray
centre (severe)
Spot may appear on pods and pods
may shed off.
Reddish brown border

11. Secondary disease spread by
air, rain splash and insects
Harvesting
of crops
Germination
of seedlings
Symptoms at
flowering stage
Alternate
host
Infected seeds,
crop residues,
Life cycle
Mycelia, conidia
Mycelia, conidia

12. Predisposition factors
 High tem (30-35 0 c)
 Inoculum in soil
 Fluctuation of humidiy
Mycelia, conidia disperse by
air, insects and rain splash
Mycelia remain in soil and crop
residues
Spray with copper oxychloride / Thiovit/ Tilt-250 EC
@ 0.2, 2-3 times at 10 days intervals
plants from 30-45 DAS *(days after sowing)
Dissemination/overwintering
Management practice
Destruction of crop residues
Crop rotation
sowing healthy seeds
Good drainage system

13. Ascochyta rabiei -Gram
Blight Diseases
Heavily infected leaflets are completely brown
and eventually drop to the ground.
Young pycnidia are reddish brown and turn black
Lesions have a dark margin against green tissue
and form Pycnidia having ascochyta spores
Young lesions are small and brown
Appear on leaflets at the bottom of the canopy
Symptoms : Leaf

14. Ascochyta blight lesions on stems are brown
Vascular tissue is rarely affected by ascochyta
Severe attacks may cause branches to wilt
They may girdle the stem, disrupting the
epidermal and cortical tissue
Stem lesions

15. Flowers
Pod wall and seeds become shriveled
with brown discolouration
Buds or flowers may also get infected and droop off
Lesions on pods are dark brown
Healthy flower
Diseased flower
Healthy
seeds
Diseased
seeds
Pod and seeds
Pod

16. Leptosphaerulina Leaf Blight
Symptoms
Control
Finally, plant show fire burnt symptoms
Gradually increase and form irregular lesion
Spots are yellow color, develop on the leaf margin
Spray Bavistin (Aschochyta) Dithane M 45 (Lep) @0.2% for
3 times at 15 days interval
Seed treatment with vitavax 200 @0.2%
Destruction of crop residue,
(all pulses except gram and pigeon pea, major in mungbean)
Leptosphaerulina trifoli

17. Symptoms
Bean common mosaic : BCMV
Yellow Mosaic: Virus
Transmission: Infected seeds and insects
Infected leaves have irregular areas of yellowish tissue
inter-mixed with areas of green (mosaic) color
Leaves may be puckered, twisted, and elongated
Infected plants are stunted
Plants are seldom prematurely killed
Spindly pods are set and seeds are off-colour
Seedling to mature plant
(Host: all pulses except gram)

18. Control
Spray malathion 57EC @ 0.2% to control insect vectors
Rouging out of infected plants
Destruction of crop residues and Alternate host

19. Uromyces ciceris-arietini- Gram,
Uromyces fabae: lentil, grass pea and pea
Rust of Beans
Small, circular to oval reddish postules are
developed on leaves, stems, petioles & pods
Symptoms
Control:
Fruits and seeds are reduce in size
Spray Dithane M 45 @0.2% for 3 times at 15 days interval
Destruction of crop residues
(mature plants are affected)

20. Powdery Mildew
Symtoms
Control
Oidium sp / Erysiphe polygony
Host: all pulses except pea
(mature plants are affected)
Dispersion : Oidia, ascospores disperse by
air, insect and rain splash
The ventral side of leaf become reddish brown
Powdery growth also found on pods
Infected leaf surface covered with dirty powdery mass
Spray Ridomil MZ-92 or S-containing fungicide @0.2%
Destruction of crop residues

21. Wilt of pulse
Infected plant can be easily pulled out
Phytophthora sp
Rhizoctonia sp
Fusarium oxysporum
Pythium sp
Sclerotium sp
Symptoms
yellowed of the leaves and followed by sudden wilting
or drooping of the plants
Destroy of lateral roots and main root become
Brown-black
Reddish brown discoloration can see in vascular region
Management practice
Drying of lands before sowing
Destruction of crop residues
Crop rotation
Good drainage system
Spray with Macuprax / Bavistin @ 0.2@ at 30-45 days of plant
Seed treatment with bio-fertilizer or vitavax 200 @0.2%
Wilt of chickpea

22. Thanks To All