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Cost & Management Accounting Techniques Must for Effective Decision Making BY: A AMIR INSTITUTE OF COST & MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTANTS OF PAKISTAN
CONTENTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cost & Management Accounting ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Techniques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Make or Buy Decision ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Make or Buy Decision ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Make or Buy Decision ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Make or Buy Decision 20,000  ×  $9 per unit  =  $180,000
The Make or Buy Decision The special equipment has no resale value and is a sunk cost.
The Make or Buy Decision Not avoidable; irrelevant.  If the product is dropped, it will be reallocated to other products.
The Make or Buy Decision Should we make or buy part 4A?
The Make or Buy Decision ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Techniques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Impact of JIT Inventory Methods In a JIT inventory system . . . Production tends to equal sales . . . So, the difference between variable and absorption income tends to disappear.
Techniques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Inventory Management
Qunatity Discounts Avoid Disturbance Reduce number of  ordering / setup  Hedge against inflation Meet Unexpected Demands Quantity Discounts When to order How much to order Buffer Stock Maximum Inventory How often to review stock E O Q R O P
Techniques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Budgeting Define goal and objectives Uncover potential bottlenecks Coordinate activities Communicating plans Think about and plan for the future Means of allocating resources
Techniques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Variance Analysis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Techniques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CVP Graph Units Dollars Fixed expenses Total Expenses Total Sales
CVP Graph Units Dollars Profit Area Loss Area Break-even point
Equation Method Profits  =  Sales – (Variable expenses + Fixed expenses) Sales  =  Variable expenses + Fixed expenses + Profits OR At the break-even point  profits equal zero.
Techniques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Activity Based Costing (ABC) ,[object Object],I agree! ABC is a good  supplement  to our traditional cost system
 
Techniques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LP Applications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LP Applications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Techniques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ECM
 
CONCLUSION ,[object Object],[object Object],Thank you.

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Cost & Management Accounting Techniques for Effective Decision Making

  • 1. Cost & Management Accounting Techniques Must for Effective Decision Making BY: A AMIR INSTITUTE OF COST & MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTANTS OF PAKISTAN
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8. The Make or Buy Decision 20,000 × $9 per unit = $180,000
  • 9. The Make or Buy Decision The special equipment has no resale value and is a sunk cost.
  • 10. The Make or Buy Decision Not avoidable; irrelevant. If the product is dropped, it will be reallocated to other products.
  • 11. The Make or Buy Decision Should we make or buy part 4A?
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. Impact of JIT Inventory Methods In a JIT inventory system . . . Production tends to equal sales . . . So, the difference between variable and absorption income tends to disappear.
  • 15.
  • 17. Qunatity Discounts Avoid Disturbance Reduce number of ordering / setup Hedge against inflation Meet Unexpected Demands Quantity Discounts When to order How much to order Buffer Stock Maximum Inventory How often to review stock E O Q R O P
  • 18.
  • 19. Budgeting Define goal and objectives Uncover potential bottlenecks Coordinate activities Communicating plans Think about and plan for the future Means of allocating resources
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23. CVP Graph Units Dollars Fixed expenses Total Expenses Total Sales
  • 24. CVP Graph Units Dollars Profit Area Loss Area Break-even point
  • 25. Equation Method Profits = Sales – (Variable expenses + Fixed expenses) Sales = Variable expenses + Fixed expenses + Profits OR At the break-even point profits equal zero.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.  
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33. ECM
  • 34.  
  • 35.