B.E Kinematic of Machine introduction PPt

1. Name : Surendrasing B. Bhil
Branch : Mechanical
Div. : M
En. No : 140170119002
Subject : Kinetics of Machines

2. KINEMATICS
• It is that branch of theory of machine which
deals with relative motion between the
various parts of machines.
• Kinematics describes the motion of points ,
bodies without consideration of the causes of
motion.

3. DYNAMICS
• It is that branch of theory of machine which
deals with the force and their effects, while
acting upon the machine part in motion.

4. MACHINE
• It is a device which recevies energy in some
avilable form and utilizes it to some particular
work.
• A machine is a tool containing one or more
parts that uses energy to perform an intened
Action.

7. MECHANISM
• It is a device designed to transform input
forces and movement into desired set of
output forces and movement.
• EXM: 1.Gear and gear trains
• 2.Belt and chain drive
• 3.Cam and followers
• 4.Breaks and clutches

8. Gear and gear trains

9. BELT AND CHAIN DRIVE

10. CAM AND FOLLOWERS

11. MECHANISM
• TYPES
• 1.Planar mechanism
• 2.Spatial mechanism
• Planar mechanism: it is a mechanism in which all
of the relative motion of the rigid bodies are in
one plane or in parallel plane.
• It is a mechanical system that is constrained so the
trajectories of stomachs in all the bodies of the
system lie on aeroplanes parallel to a ground
plane.

13. SPATIAL MECHANISM
• All the relative motion of the rigid bodies are
not in a same plane or in different planes.
• It is mechanical system that has at least one
body that moves in a way that its point
trajectories are general space curves.

15. Kinematic pair
• The two link or element of a machine, when in contact with
each other, are said to form a pair.If relative motion between
then is completely or succefully contrained, the pair is knows
as kinematic pair.
Classification of kinematic pair

16. 1. sliding pair : when two elements of pair are
connected in such a way that one can only slide
relative to the other, pair is knows as slidind pair
The type of ralative motion between elements.

17. 2. Turning pair : when the two elements of pair are connect
in such a way that one can only turn or revolve ablout a fixed axis of
another link,the pair is known as turning pair
Example is a shaft with collars in a circular hole.
3. Rolling pair :when the two element of pair are
connect in such a way that one rolls over another fixed
link, the pair is known as rolling pair

18. 4. Screw pair: when the teo element of pair are
connected in such a way that one element turn about the
other by screw threads, the pair is known as screw pair
5. Spherical pair: when the two elements of pair are
connected in such a way that one element turn or swivels
about the other fixed element,the pair formed is called a
spherical pair

19. Contact between the elements
• 1. Lower Pair: A kinematic pair is said to be a lower
pair if the links in the pair have surface or area contact
between them.
2. Higher Pair:A higher
pair is a kinematipair in
which the links have
point or line contact.
Ball bearings, cam and
follower are examples of
higher pair

20. The type of closure
• 1. Self Closed Pair: A pair is said to be self closed
if the links in the pair have direct mechanical
contact, even without the application of external
force.
• 2. Force Closed Pair: A kinematic pair is said to be
force closed if the links in the pair are kept in
contact by the application of external forces. A
good example of this type of pair is ball and roller
bearings.

21. Kinetic chain
-> When the kinematic pairs are couple such a
way that last link is joined to the first link to
transmit definite motion, it is called a kinematic
chain
Types of joint in chain
1. Binary joint
2. Ternary joint
3. Quaternary joint

22. Type of kinematic chain
(i) Four bar chain or quadric cycle chain: That the
kinematic chain is a combination of four or more kinematic
pairs, such that the relative motion between the links or
elements is completely constrained.
(ii) Single slider crank chain: A single slider crank
chain is a modification of the basic four bar chain. It consist
of one sliding pair and three turning pairs. It is,usually,
found in reciprocating steam engine mechanism.

23. (iii) Double slider crank chain: A kinematic chain
which consists of two turning pairs and two
sliding pair pairs is knows as double slider crank
chain

24. Kinemetic Diagram
And
Kinemetic Inversion--

25. What is Kinemetics ?
• It is that branch of Theory of Machines which
deals with the relative motion between the
various
parts of the machines

26. What is KINEMATICS DIAGRAM
• IT IS GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF
DISPLACEMENT,VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION
WITH RESPECT TO TIME

27. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF
DISPLACEMENT W.R.T. TIME
• When the body moves with uniform velocity,
EQUAL distance are covered in EQUAL
INTERVAL OF TIME.

28. --• When body moves with variable
velocity,Unequal distance are covered in
EQUAL interval of TIME

29. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF
VELOCITY W.R.T. TIME
• When body moves with zero
acceleration,then body is said to move with a
uniform velocity

30. --• When the body moves with constant
acceleration, the body is said to move with
variable velocity

31. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF
ACCELERATION W.R.T. TIME
• When the body moves with uniform
acceleration

32. -
• When the body moves with variable
acceleration

33. Kinematic inversion
• Different mechanisms obtained by fixing
different links of a kinematic chain are known
as its inversion.
• A slider-crank chain has the following
inversion

34. First inversion
• This inversion is obtained
when link 1 is fixed and link
2 &4 are made the crank and
Slider respectively

35. Second inversion
• Fixing of link 2 of a slider-crank chain results in
the second inversion