HIV and TB coinfection

BY: SWATI SARIN HIV AND TB CO-INFECTION

INTRODUCTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

HISTORY OF AIDS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

EPIDEMILOGY: GLOBAL CRISIS Over 38,000,000 people around the world are diagnosed with HIV. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],This graph shows how much people would be affected with HIV in 2010 . This graph shows the percentage of the causes of HIV.

HIV : WHAT IS IT? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ROUTES OF SPREAD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

TRANSMISSION OF HIV VIRON TO T CELLS

PHASES OF HIV INFECTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

SEROLOGIC PROFILE OF AIDS PATIENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

TREATMENT IN AIDS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Prolongs survival but does not eliminate the virus Inhibits proviral DNA synthesis but does not eliminate the virus. Inhibits action of reverse transcriptase

PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

PATHOGENESIS Droplet nuclei containing tubercle bacilli are inhaled, enter the lungs, and travel to the alveoli Tubercle bacilli multiply in the alveoli A small number of tubercle bacilli enter the bloodstream and spread throughout the body. The bacilli may reach any part of the body, including areas where TB disease is more likely to develop (such as the lungs, kidneys, brain, or bone Macrophages form a hard shell & keeps bacilli under control

SYMPTOMS TB may be pulmonary or extra-pulmonary Pulmonary TB is most common form

DIAGNOSIS OF TB ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],M. tuberculosis (stained red ) in sputum Abnormalities often seen in posterior segments of upper l obe

TREATMENT IN TB ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],EHZRS

HIV AND TB(Interaction & Co-infection) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

DIAGNOSIS OF TB IN HIV AIDS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Arrow points to cavity in patient's right upper lobe --typical finding in patient with TB

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],FURTHER DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES IN HIV TB CO-INFECTION

TREATMENT OF HIV & TB ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

WHO Recommended TB treatment regimen ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

WHO Recommended TB treatment regimen ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Antiretroviral Therapy for Individuals with Tuberculosis Co infection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ZDV: Zidovidine 3TC: Lamivudine d4t: Stavudine

HIV-TB CO-INFECTION Clinical trials: Where’s the momentum? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

NVP 400/600 STUDY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

NVP/EFZ INDIAN STUDY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

TB-HAART STUDY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],AZT + 3TC + efavirenz

CONCLUSION However, still some gaps are remaining ???

REFERENCES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

THANK YOU “ WE CAN’T FIGHT AIDS UNLESS WE DO MUCH MORE TO FIGHT TB AS WELL” NELSON MANDELA BANGKOK, JULY 2004

HIV and TB coinfection

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HIV and TB coinfection