mini project for packaging subject - making own bioplastic from potato starch

1. FPE 4203
PACKAGING TECHNOLOGY
BIOPLASTIC MINI PROJECT

2. Group members
NUM. NAME MATRICE
NUMBER
1 NOR SYAKIRA BINTI MAT B11A289
2 NOR ASMIRA BINTI MUSA B11A268
3 AZIFAH BINTI MOHD
SUHAIMI
B11A038

3. CONTENT
NUM. CONTENT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 OBJECTIVES
3 MATERIALS
4 METHODS
5 RESULTS
6 DISCUSSION
7 CONCLUSION

4. BIOPLASTIC
alternative way to reduce synthetic plastic and create eco-
friendly environment .
Derived from renewable biomass sources :
Vegetable oil
corn starch
potato starch
pea starch
INTRODUCTION…

5. STARCH BASED BIOPLASTIC
Abundant in agricultural and easier to access
with cheapest prices
Contain Amylose and Amylopectin polymers .
INTRODUCTION CONT…

6. BIOPLASTIC BENEFIT
Safe the environment , free from hazardous chemical and toxics .
Take less time materials to break down .
Made from renewable materials
Reduce CO2 emissions
Biodegradable plastic materials are take less energy to recycle
INTRODUCTION CONT…

7. OBJECTIVES
To understand the concept of utilizing
biodegradable materials from potato starch
extraction as a substitutes for biopolymers in
plastic packaging

8. STARCH BASED BIOPLASTIC
“POTATO STARCH EXTRACTION”

9. Material
Num. Material Num. Material
1 Potatoes 10 Measuring cylinder
2 Distilled water (dH20) 11 Aluminium Foil
3 12 ml glycerol 12 Tea strainer
4 0.1M NaOH 13 Oven
5 Tap water 14 Shredder
6 1-2 drops food colouring 15 Grinder stone
7 18 ml Hydrochloric Acid (0.1 M) 16 Hot plate
8 Beaker 17 Spatula
9 Universal indicator

10. To produce potato starch
Firstly, the potatoes were grated by using shredder
The shredded potato was put into grinder stone with 100 ml water and
then the potato was grinded until the juice squeezed out.
Then, the juice was poured into beaker through a tea strainer.
The process was repeated with more water.
Method (part a )

11.  After leaved the beaker for 10 minutes, the starch was settled out.
 The juice was decanted (poured) off. So, the starch was left in the
beaker.
 After that, 100 ml water was added to rinse the starch.
 The process was repeated where the water was decanted off again.
 This process was leaved clean, wet starch.
 Lastly, the wet starch was dried by using oven to get a white
powder.
Method (part a ) cont…

12. To produce bioplastic
15 g of potato starch was measured and then poured into beaker.
After that, 150 ml of water and 18 ml of 0.1M HCl was added.
The mixture was stirred. Then, 12 ml of glycerol was added into the beaker.
The mixture was stirred again until it mixes well.
The heat on hot plate was turned on and the mixture was mixed thoroughly
for 15 minutes until an opaque gel was formed.
The mixture was stirred continuously until there are no lumps.
Method (part b )

13.  After that, the heat on hot plate was switched off.
 The mixture was tested by using universal indicator.
 If the solution was turned red, showing it was contained acid. So, 0.1 M
NaOH was added and stirred.
 If the solution was turned green, showing that the solution was neutral.
 The solution was separated to two different beakers. One was dropped
with green colouring whereas another one with orange colouring.
 Lastly, the mixture was poured into an aluminium foil and was spread it
out. The mixture was allowed to dry.
Method (part b )cont…

14. the process to get potato starch
the process to produce bio plastic

15. CONTROL
(6/5/2014) (8/5/2014) (12/5/2014)
results

16. SAMPLE 1SAMPLE 1
Before After
(12/5/2014) (15/5/2014)

17. SAMPLE 2SAMPLE 2
Before After
(12/5/2014) (15/5/2014)

18. OBSERVATION
Depth every sample planted = 6cm
Every day the weather in hot sunny at morning but it is rainy day at
evening
The bio plastic is slightly brittle and not elastic.
Sample Date/Period buried Observation
1 >12-13 May 2014
(1 day)
>13-14 May 2014
(1 day)
>14-15 May 2014
(1 day)
>Have residue, not fully
degraded
>Have residue, not fully
degraded
> No residue, fully degraded
2 >12-13 May 2014
(1 day)
>13-14 May 2014
(1 day)
>14-15 May 2014
(1 day)
>Have residue, not fully
degraded
>Have residue, not fully
degraded
> No residue, fully degraded

19. To produce biodegradable plant-based material plastic.
Potato starch is used to produce plastic.
The factors that may affect the result of this experiment are:
The surface condition(surface area, hydrophilic, and hydrophobic
properties)
The first order structure(chemical structure)
The high order structures (melting temperature, and elasticity)
The condition of the soil
The depth of the sample planted
Discussion…

20. The plastic sample produced may not
achieving the ideal characteristic of a plastic.
But it is good in biodegradability as it can be
composted in just 3 days.
conclusion…

21. Thank you