Presentation on semantic interoperability during the InterOSS-IoT 2016 workshop, collocated with IoT 2016, 7 Nov. Stuttgart

1. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium
Semantic Interoperability as Key to IoT
Platform Federation
Michael Jacoby (Fraunhofer IOSB, Germany)
Aleksandar Antonić (FER University Zagreb, Croatia)
Karl Kreiner & Jasmin Pielorz (Austrian Institute of Technology, Austria)
Roman Łapacz (Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center, Poland)
InterOSS Workshop, 7th November 2016, Stuttgart

2. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium2
Interoperability
Motivation: IoT Platform Federation
IoT Platform A
Native
Applications A
Internal Information
Model A
API Platform A
IoT Platform B
Native
Applications B
Internal Information
Model B
API Platform B
Different Information Models
Incompatible APIs

3. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium3
Approaches to Semantic Interoperability
Core
Information
Model
Mapping between
Platform-Specific
Information Models
Multiple Pre-Mapped
Best Practice
Information Models
Core Information
Model with
Extensions
Multiple
Pre-Mapped Core
Information Models

4. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium4
Core
Information Model
Mapping between Platform-
Specific Information Models
Multiple Pre-Mapped Best
Practice Information Models
Core Information Model
with Extensions
Multiple Pre-Mapped Core
Information Models
Core
Information
Model
IoT Platform A IoT Platform B
IoT Platform CUsage of Information Model
Mapping between Information Models
Approaches to Semantic Interoperability

5. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium5
Core
Information Model
Mapping between Platform-
Specific Information Models
Core Information Model
with Extensions
Multiple Pre-Mapped Core
Information Models
IoT Platform A IoT Platform B
IoT Platform C
Extension
Platform A
Extension
Platform B
Extension
Platform C
Core
Information
Model
Usage of Information Model
Mapping between Information Models
Approaches to Semantic Interoperability
Multiple Pre-Mapped Best
Practice Information Models

6. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium6
Core
Information Model
Mapping between Platform-
Specific Information Models
Core Information Model
with Extensions
Multiple Pre-Mapped Core
Information Models
IoT Platform A IoT Platform B
IoT Platform C
Platform-Specific
Information
Model A
Platform-Specific
Information
Model B
Platform-Specific
Information
Model C
Usage of Information Model
Mapping between Information Models
Approaches to Semantic Interoperability
Multiple Pre-Mapped Best
Practice Information Models

7. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium7
Semantic Interoperability
Interoperability
Platform-Specific
Information
Model B
Platform-Specific
Information
Model A
Core Information
Model
Meta Information
Model
extends
extends
SPARQL Query Re-Writing
uses
mapping between
Syntactic Interoperability
IoT Platform A
Native
Applications
Internal
Information
Model A
API
Platform A
IoT Platform B
Native
Applications
Internal
Information
Model B
API
Platform B
Resource Access API Resource Access API
usesuses uses uses
Interoperability in symbIoTe

8. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium8
Semantic Interoperability in symbIoTe
Resource
Access API
IoT Platform A
Resource
Access API
IoT Platform B
Register
• platform
• resources
• information model
• mappings
SPARQL query re-writing
Registry
Search
Search for resources
Access resources
PIM BPIM A
PIM C

9. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium9
Semantic Interoperability in symbIoTe
User / App / Platform Search Registry
SPARQL query against PIM C
find platforms using PIM mapped to PIM C
list of platforms and corresponding mappings
re-write SPARQL query based on mapping
execute re-written SPARQL query
query result
re-write results based on mapping
combined results
combine results
for each mapping in parallel

10. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium10
Conclusion
• Theoretical analysis of possible approaches to
Semantic Interoperability
– Presented approaches with their pros and cons
– Additional advices how these approaches can be
implemented (in paper)
• Presented symbIoTe as example realization
using
– Core Information Model with Extensions
– Semantic Mapping
– SPARQL Query Re-Writing

11. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium
Thank you!
Questions?
michael.jacoby@iosb.fraunhofer.de

12. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium12
Semantic Mapping & SPARQL Query
Re-Writing – Example
Predicate relation
Inheritance
Semantic mapping
Symbolic
Location
Conference
Room
xsd:string
hasNumber
Sensor hasLocation Location
Room
xsd:string
roomNumber
symbIoTe Core
Information Model
Platform-Specific Extension A Platform-Specific Extension B
SELECT ?room ?number
WHERE
{
?room a pA:ConferenceRoom.
?room pA:hasNumber ?number.
}
SELECT ?room ?number
WHERE
{
?room a pB:Room.
?room pB:roomNumber ?number.
}
SPARQL query re-writing
based on mapping

13. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium13
Core
Information Model
Mapping between Platform-
Specific Information Models
Pre-Mapped Best Practice
Information Models
Core Information Model
with Extensions
Multiple Pre-Mapped Core
Information Models
IoT Platform A IoT Platform B
IoT Platform C
Core
Information
Model 1
Core
Information
Model 2
Core
Information
Model 3
Usage of Information Model
Mapping between Information Models
Semantic Interoperability: Approaches

14. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium14
Core
Information Model
Mapping between Platform-
Specific Information Models
Pre-Mapped Best Practice
Information Models
Core Information Model
with Extensions
Multiple Pre-Mapped Core
Information Models
IoT Platform A IoT Platform B
IoT Platform C
Best Practice
Information
Model 1
Best Practice
Information
Model 2
Usage of Information Model
Mapping between Information Models
Semantic Interoperability: Approaches

15. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium15
symbIoTe Information Model

16. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium16
Core Information Model
• Design principle
– as abstract as possible (to avoid excluding platforms)
– as explicit as needed (to support all symbIoTe features)
• Why existing ontologies can’t be reused (directly)
– wrong level of abstraction (either to abstract or to explicit)
– scope to big
• Design influenced by/based on
– W3C Semantic Sensor Network Ontology / IoT-Lite
– OGC SensorThings API Data Model

17. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium17
Semantic Mapping & SPARQL Query
Re-Writing – Available Tools
• Mapping language
– Expressive and Declarative Ontology Alignment
Language (EDOAL)
• SPARQL query-rewriting frameworks
– Mediation Toolkit (currently used)
– SPARQL-RW
• Graphical Alignment Tools
– Currently under analysis
à Main area of research in symbIoTe

18. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium18
Interoperability
Motivation: Platform Federation
IoT Platform A
Native
Applications A
Internal Information
Model A
API Platform A
IoT Platform B
Native
Applications B
Internal Information
Model B
API Platform B
Different Information Models
Incompatible APIs

19. © 2016 – The symbIoTe Consortium
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