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Civil Society @ICANN:
Role and Engagement
25 November 2017
Moscow
Alexandra Kulikova
Head of Global Stakeholder Engagement
ICANN

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ICANN
• ICANN coordinates the Internet's address book
• The systems ICANN coordinates help you find things on the
Internet and connect with friends and colleagues
• Computers/devices work with numbers, humans remember
letters and names
• The Domain Name System (DNS) coordinates names and
the corresponding numbers
• Names and numbers must be unique
• Unique assignment creates the global, unified, single
Internet
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
(ICANN)

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Who are stakeholders?
Stakeholders?
• Democracy: all affected individuals and the right to
vote
• Multistakeholder: all affected perspectives
represented
o Challenge: achieving representation and
meaningful participation

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Typical stakeholders today
• Government
• Private Sector
• Civil Society
• International Organizations
• Internet Technical Community
• Academic Community
• Internet end users
(ICANN)

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First ideas about the multistakeholder model
Characteristics
• Issue specific stakeholder organizations
• Decentralised and international
• Bottom-­up
• Not monolithic, evolving
• Larry Strickling (2015)
multistakeholder approach involves the full
involvement of all stakeholders, in consensus-­based
decision-­making, operating in an open, transparent
and accountable manner

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Characteristics – multistakeholder approach
• Bottom-­up: stakeholders define issues, identify and
devise solutions (anyone missing?)
• Consensus based: decisions acceptable with
widespread support, and no strong or reasoned
opposition (can you live with it?)
• Inclusive, open, participative and diverse: avoidance of
barriers and reduce disadvantage (capacity building)

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Characteristics – multistakeholder approach
• Transparent: documented processes following agreed
procedures, decisions explained, accessible
• Accountable: decisions and decisions making processes
justifiable, mechanisms of review and redress, checks
and balances
• Supportive of meaningful participation: Actively seek to
involve stakeholders, enable participation in processes
• Flexible: future oriented and able to accommodate
change

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Challenges – multistakeholder approach
• Balancing stakeholders interests (ensuring no over-­
dominance of one) and resourcing decisions
• Representing the interests of those who are marginalized,
voiceless, unable to be at the table
• Stakeholder attention and contribution (volunteers vs.
non-­volunteers)
• Sustainable working relationship based on trust, mutual
respect, open communication and understanding about
each other’s strengths and weaknesses
• Ensuring that the long-­term interest of the public is not
harmed by negotiated outcomes among stakeholders

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What does ICANN do?

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IANA Stewardship Transition
Focused on delivering a proposal to transition the stewardship of the
IANA functions to the multistakeholder community
Enhancing ICANN Accountability
Focused on ensuring that ICANN remains accountable in the
absence of its historical contractual relationship with the U.S.
Government
ICANN's Mission
Coordinates the allocation and assignment of
names in the root zone of the Domain Name
System
Facilitates the coordination of the operation and
evolution of the DNS root name server system
Coordinates the allocation and assignment at the
top-­most level of Internet Protocol numbers and
Autonomous System numbers
1
4
Ensuring the stable and secure operation of the Internet's
unique identifier systems
Coordinates the development and implementation of
policies concerning the registration of second-­level
domain names in generic top-­level domains (gTLDs)
2
3

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Technical Partners
Coordinating with our technical partners,
we help make the Internet work
The Internet
Corporation
for Assigned
Names and
Numbers
Internet
Engineering
TaskForce
Domain
Name
System
Operators
Root
Server
Operators
African
Network
Information
Center
Asia Pacific
Network
Information
Centre
Latin America
and Caribbean
Network
Information
Center
International
Organization for
Standardization
World
Wide Web
Consortium
Institute of
Electrical and
Electronics
Engineers
American
Registry for
Internet
Numbers
Réseaux IP
Européens
Network
Coordination
Centre
Intern
Servi
Provi
net
ation
Reg

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Other Partners
We all work together in different ways
to help make the Internet work
The Anti-­
Phishing
Working
Group
Organization
for Economic
Co-­operation and
Development
United Nations
Educational,
Scientific and
Cultural
Organization
The Internet
Society
Internet
Governance
Forum
Messaging,
Malware
and Mobile
Anti-­Abuse
Working
Group
The Internet
Corporation
for Assigned
Names and
Numbers
Diplo
Foundation
World
Intellectual
Property
Organization
International
Organisation of
La Francophone
Regional
Internet
Governance
Forums
Afri
Tel
Uni
United
Nations
Economic
and Social
Commission
of Western
Asia
rican
icatio
ssion
pean
ence
ostal
ions
ions

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What is ICANN’s Multistakeholder Community?
Volunteer-­based, open collection of
global stakeholders working
together through bottom-­up
processes to give advice, develop
and make policy recommendations,
conduct reviews, and propose
implementation solutions for
common problems within ICANN’s
mission and scope.

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How Does the Multistakeholder Model Work?
Policy recommendations are
developed and refined by the
ICANN community through its
Supporting Organizations (SOs)
and influenced by Advisory
Committees (ACs).

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Where does Civil Society fit in
ICANN

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Civil Society in ICANN
Within ICANN, affected stakeholders include:
Civil Society includes not-­for-­profit and non-­governmental
organizations, activists, as well as researchers, academics
and non-­commercial end-­users with an interest in the
development and deployment of the Internet and public
policy related to the DNS
Large and
small
businesses
Civil society Researchers &
academics
Governments
Technical
community End
users

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ICANN's Global Multistakeholder Community
Business
Government & Governmental
Organizations
CIVIL SOCIETY
(NON COMMERCIAL,
NON PROFIT)Domain Name
Industry
Internet Users
Academic
Technical
• Private-sector companies
• Trade associations
• National governments
• Distinct economies recognized in
international fora
• Multinational governmental and treaty
organizations
• Public authorities (including UN agencies
with a direct interest in global Internet
Governance)
• Academic leaders
• Institutions of higher learning
• Professors
• Students
• Protocol developers
• Equipment and software
developers
• Network operators
• Technical researchers
• Non-governmental Organizations
• Non-profits
• Non-commercial Users
• Think Tanks
• Charities
• Registries
• Registrars
• Domain organizations

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POLICY / ADVICE
The ICANN Community At Work
Security & Stability
Advisory Committee
Address Supporting
Organization
Government
Advisory Committee
Country Codes Names
Supporting Organization
Root Server System
Advisory Committee
The Bottom-­Up Multistakeholder Model
Business Government &
Governmental
Organizations
Non Profit –
Non Commercial
Domain Name
Business
Internet Users Academic Technical
At-Large Community
Civil Society
(individual Internet
users)
Generic Names
Supporting Organization
Civil Society
(Non–Commercial
Stakeholder Group)

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The ICANN Community At Work – Civil Society
Civil Society and the Bottom-­Up Multistakeholder Model
Generic Names
Supporting Organization
POLICY / ADVICE
At-Large Community
Business Government &
Governmental
Organizations
Non Profit –
Non Commercial
Domain Name
Business
Internet Users Academic Technical

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The At-­Large Community
At-­Large is a community representing the interests of Internet end-­Users
• over 200 At-­Large Structures (ALS) around the world
• an ALS is a group representing the views of individual Internet users
(computer clubs, consumer associations, Internet Society Chapters.)
• ALS should be organized so that participation by individual Internet
users predominates
• ALS are regionally organized constituent bodies of the At-­Large
Community – they are organized into five Regional At Large
Organisations (RALOs)
• ALS can be not-­for-­profit organizations, technical or academic
groups, many ALS self-­identify as civil society organizations
• ALS support and promote individuals' understanding of, and
participation in ICANN
• Unaffiliated individuals can join RALOs

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The At-­Large Advisory Committee (ALAC)
What does it the ALAC do?
• Provides policy advice on ICANN public comment requests
• Issue comments on any subject, process, structure, policy or
topic in ICANN affecting Internet users it deems important to
comment on
• Issue comments about any external process linked to ICANN
and which affects Internet users
• Takes part in cross-­community working groups (CWGs/CCWGs)
within ICANN
• Conducts capacity development for ALS and Internet end users
• Relays the ICANN message to Internet Users around the world

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At-­Large: Comments By Topic

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ICANN At-­Large
All you need to know about
Individual end-­users in ICANN
http://atlarge.icann.org

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Civil
Society
and
ICANN
Supporting
Organisations:
GNSO
• The Non-­Commercial Stakeholder Group (NCSG) is one of
the formal stakeholder groups of ICANN
• It can initiate policy development within ICANN's Generic
Names Supporting Organization (GNSO)
• The NCSG provides a voice and representation in the
GNSO and other ICANN policy processes to non-­profit
organizations and individuals who are primarily concerned
with the noncommercial, public interest aspects of domain
name policy

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NCSG Constituencies: NCUC and NPOC
The NCSG has two differently focused constituencies:
• the Non-­Commercial Users Constituency (NCUC)
u focuses on gTLD policy development, Internet
governance policy, protecting noncommercial
communication and consumer protection, civil liberties
and human rights
• the Not-­for-­profit Operational Concerns Constituency
(NPOC)
u interested in operational concerns related to ICANN
and the Domain Name System, such as domain name
registration, expansion of the Domain Name System,
and Domain Name System and fraud and abuse

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Non-­Commercial Users Constituency (NCUC)
Africa 97
Asia Pacific 122
Europe 129
Latin American & Caribbean 58
North America 116
Unknown 24
• Created in 1999 as one of the founding
constituencies in ICANN to ensure the representation
of non-commercial users and their interests
• Currently 546 members, from 115 different countries,
119 organizations and 427 individuals (June 2017)

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NCUC: information and contact
Website: http://www.ncuc.org/
Twitter: @NCUC
Contact: ncuc@ncuc.org
Join: http://www.ncuc.org/participate/become-­a-­member/

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Not-­for-­profit Operational Concerns Constituency (NPOC)
Africa 17
Asia Pacific 13
Europe 17
Latin American & Caribbean 7
North America 13
Unspecified 2
• Created in 2011 in response to a general evolution to
improve the operations and structure of the GNSO
• Currently 69 member organizations (December 2016)

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Not-­for-­profit Operational Concerns Constituency (NPOC)
• NPOC focuses on the practical implications of DNS
polices on the operational readiness and implementation
of non-commercial missions and objectives, for
example:
• domain name registration, expansion of the DNS,
fraud and abuse
• developing capacity and opportunities for Not-For-
Profit organizations to take full advantage of the DNS
• Who should join: Not-for-profit and non-governmental
organizations that operate primarily for non-commercial
purposes
• (organisations)
http://www.npoc.org/

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Civil society in ICANN today: Issues
• Freedom of expression
• Multilingual Internet
• Human rights
• Development and use of the DNS
• Privacy and data protection
• Trademarks and access to knowledge
• Jurisdiction
• Accountability and transparency
more … but as the touch on ICANN's mission

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ICANN Learn

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ICANN Learn
¤ ICANN Learn presents education and training, across
a wide variety of topics that pertain to ICANN, to better
educate stakeholders in the ICANN ecosystem.
¤ It is an online platform that is free to access and free
to create course content to share with fellow ICANN
community members.
¤ ICANN Learn is currently available in the six UN
languages.
Learn more
learn.icann.org

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Fellowship/NextGen/Newcomer
Programs

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Programs Available
Fellowship
Global Capacity Building
Program to support ICANN’s
Multistakeholder community;;
online application process
3x year around an ICANN
Meeting (1 Mtg for Alumni
only)
NextGen Newcomer
Regionally based Program
to create awareness and
promote future discussions
within universities and other
regional forums;; online
application process 3x a
year around an ICANN
Meeting
Those just entering the
ICANN community can
self-­educate using the
Newcomer webpage or
participate in person or
remotely at the ICANN
Meeting Newcomer
Sunday
Watch Fellowship and NextGen video:
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=nrV_ZkDEfIQ
Watch Newcomer video:
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=da1RQt9-­e-­g

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How NextGen Differs From Fellowship
The Fellowship program focuses on
capacity building and fast immersion
into the ICANN Community, bringing
approximately 60 fellows to (2)
ICANN meetings and 40 to (1)
Meeting, which is the ‘Alumni only’
Policy Forum Meeting. Fellowship
candidates must be at least 21 years
of age with no other age limit;; priority
is interest in continuing engagement
as a volunteer in the Multistakeholder
Model after meeting the other
selection criteria
The NextGen@ICANN program
focuses on education, awareness
and future engagement. Applicants
must be between the ages of 18
and 30, live and be enrolled in
some type of higher learning
curriculum within the region that
the ICANN Meeting is being held.
Approximately 20-­30 eligible
candidates selected per meeting to
engage in customized, topical
discussions

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Fellowship
Opportunity to interact with
each ICANN Community
Leaders in “private” setting;;
Alumni form a bond to
enable continuous post
Meeting networking and
support in their ICANN
journey
NextGen Newcomer
Orchestrated interaction with
community and staff to
encourage future
engagement. Must create a
10 minute presentation to
share at the Meeting,
demonstrating their
expertise and ideas related
to Internet Governance
A structured learning
experience whether
participating at a Meeting or
remotely, so as to feel
welcomed and ready to
participate and engage in
ICANN activities going
forward
The Unique Qualities Of Each

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Fellowship
Travel, accommodations
and stipend provided to
defer some costs
associated with attending
the Meeting
NextGen Newcomer
Travel, accommodations
and stipend provided to
defer some costs
associated with attending
the Meeting
No funding offered but
opens the door to
communication and
learning through
engagement@icann.org
and ICANN Learn
How Program Funding Works

40. Visit us at icann.org
Engage with ICANN

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Engage with ICANN
Thank You and Questions
Email: adam.peake@icann.org
ICANN and Civil Society
https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/civil-­society