This document provides information about Rajiv Jhangiani, who is an expert in open educational resources (OER) and open pedagogy. It lists his academic positions related to OER research and advocacy. The document then discusses the benefits of using OER to increase access to education and reduce financial barriers for students. It notes that OER can enhance pedagogy when instructors remix and adapt open materials for their courses. Overall, the summary highlights Rajiv Jhangiani's expertise in OER and how OER can positively impact students and teaching.

1. Dept. of Psychology, Kwantlen Polytechnic University
OER Research Fellow, Open Education Group
Fmr. Faculty Fellow, BC Open Textbook Project
Rajiv Jhangiani, Ph.D.
Enhancing Pedagogy via
Open Educational Practices
THE FUTURE IS OPEN
@thatpsychprof

3. “higher education
shall be equally
accessible to all”

4. Source: Canadian Federation of Students, Funding for Post-Secondary Education (2013)

5. • Half of Bachelor’s degree
graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan
debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average BC student debt in 2011
was $29,497
• 3 years after graduating, only 34%
are debt free
• BC students now work 180% more
hours than they did in 1975 to pay
for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000,
program completion rates drop
from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has risen by
1041% since 1977

6. "Kids Giving you problems? Hire an Elephant" by peasap is licensed under CC BY 2.0
• Half of Bachelor’s degree
graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan
debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average BC student debt in 2011
was $29,497
• 3 years after graduating, only 34%
are debt free
• BC students now work 180% more
hours than they did in 1975 to pay
for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000,
program completion rates drop
from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has risen by
1041% since 1977

7. • Half of Bachelor’s degree
graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan
debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average student debt in Canada is
$28,495
• 3 years after graduating, only 34%
are debt free
• BC students now work 180% more
hours than they did in 1975 to pay
for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000,
program completion rates drop
from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has risen by
1041% since 1977
Source: Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives

8. • Half of Bachelor’s degree
graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan
debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average student debt in Canada is
$28,495
• 3 years after graduating, only 34%
are debt free
• BC students now work 180% more
hours than they did in 1975 to pay
for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000,
program completion rates drop
from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has risen by
1041% since 1977

9. • Half of Bachelor’s degree
graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan
debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average student debt in Canada is
$28,495
• 3 years after graduating, only 34%
are debt free
• BC Students now work 180% more
hours than they did in 1975 to pay
for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000,
program completion rates drop
from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has risen by
1041% since 1977

10. • Half of Bachelor’s degree
graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan
debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average student debt in Canada is
$28,495
• 3 years after graduating, only 34%
are debt free
• BC Students now work 180% more
hours than they did in 1975 to pay
for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000,
program completion rates drop
from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has risen by
1041% since 1977

11. • Half of Bachelor’s degree
graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan
debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average student debt in Canada is
$28,495
• 3 years after graduating, only 34%
are debt free
• BC Students now work 180% more
hours than they did in 1975 to pay
for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000,
program completion rates drop
from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has risen by
1041% since 1977

13. What can YOU do?
• Survey your student body
• #textbookbroke campaign
• Presentations
• Utilize visuals, create displays
• Speak directly to faculty & admin
• Suggest that faculty review a textbook
• Showcase examples
• Form a student-led OER group
• Connect. Collaborate.

15. Buy used (if possible)
Buy online
Resell (if possible)
Rent
Shared purchase
(Inter)library loans
Photocopy
International edition
Old edition

16. – University of Minnesota student
“I figured French hadn't
changed that much”

20. 





60%+ do not purchase textbooks
at some point due to cost
35% take fewer courses due to
textbook cost
31% choose not to register for a
course due to textbook cost
23% regularly go without
textbooks due to cost
14% have dropped a course
due to textbook cost
10% have withdrawn from a
course due to textbook cost
Source: 2012 student survey
by Florida Virtual Campus
There is a direct relationship between
textbook costs and student success

21. "Crazy Stunt" by Ross G. Strachan is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

22. "circa 1890 - Hamlin's Wizard Oil" by clotho98 is licensed
under CC BY-NC 4.0
"'THAT WAS EASY!'" by joepopp is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

23. Principal Agent
Dilemma

28. Retain Redistribute
Revise Remix
Reuse
Source: David Wiley, http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/3221
March 5, 2014, CC-BY
open = free + permissions

29. Source: Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons report

30. rijksmuseum.nl

31. gutenberg.org

32. openstaxcollege.org

34. open.umn.edu

35. open.bccampus.ca

36. Faculty Reviews
291/365 by thebarrowboy used under a CC-BY

38. The Great Psychology Testbank Sprint

39. The Great Psychology Testbank Sprint

40. The Great Psychology Testbank Sprint

41. Academics aim for educational history in Chilliwack
By Chilliwack Times
Published: July 23, 2014 02:00 PM
Updated: July 23, 2014 02:362 PM
Tucked in a corner of the Cheam Mountain Golf Course clubhouse, twenty academics pored over textbooks and tapped
away on laptops Saturday in an effort to make educational history.
The participants, who all have doctorates in psychology, gathered from around British Columbia to create a body of
high-quality test questions for the Open Textbook Project.

44. Source: Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons report

45. "Opening the Curriculum: Open Education Resources in U.S. Higher Education, 2014" by I. Elaine Allen & Jeff Seaman,
Babson Survey Research Group is licensed under CC BY 4.0
Those who have adopted OER rate the
quality of OER as significantly higher:
F(1, 35) = 7.88, p = .008, = 0.18
(Jhangiani et al., 2015)
hp
2
80% 75%

46. 0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
Rajiv
Richard
Overall, I am satisfied with the quality of the
modules/chapters in the open textbook
Jhangiani & Le Grand (2014)
N = 105
%

47. Overall, I am satisfied with the convenience,
access, & portability of the open textbook
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
%
Jhangiani & Le Grand (2014)

48. The cost savings that come with an open
textbook are important to me
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
%
Jhangiani & Le Grand (2014)

49. What is the average cost of the textbooks
that you purchase for your other courses?
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
<$50 $51-$100 $101-$150 $151-$200 >$200
Rajiv
Richard
Jhangiani & Le Grand (2014)
%

50. I would have preferred to pay for a traditional
textbook for this course
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
Rajiv
Richard
Jhangiani & Le Grand (2014)
%

51. I would not have bought the text book for
this course because it's an elective. I
would have possibly walked away with a
C, now I might actually get an A-
It is easily accessible and convenient.
Material is easy to understand and follow
I personally really like the convenience of having the
complete set of chapters on my computer and even
accessible from my phone if I need it. I like that I don't
have to lug around another text book
It's free and it's a great money saver

52. 13 Peer Reviewed Studies
http://openedgroup.org/

53. 65,350 Students
http://openedgroup.org/

54. Fischer et al. (2015)
• Quasi-experimental design
• Propensity-score matched groups
• 16,727 students taking 15 courses at 10 institutions
• OER students:
• Lower withdrawal rates (2-0-13)
• More likely to pass with a C- or better (5-1-9)
• Higher course grades (4-1-10)
• Enrolled in more courses (current & subsequent semesters)
Fischer, L., Hilton, J., Robinson T. J., & Wiley, D. (2015). A multi-institutional study of the
impact of open textbook adoption on the learning outcomes of post-secondary students.
Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 27(3), 159-172. doi:10.1007/s12528-015-9101-x

55. Jhangiani et al. (2015)
Jhangiani, R., Dastur, F., LeGrand, R., & Penner, K. (2015). Introductory psychology
textbooks: The roles of online vs. print and open vs. traditional textbooks. Presentation at
the 2015 Open Ed Conference.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Exam 1 Exam 2 Exam 3
PercentCorrect
Traditional
Open Print
Open Digital
p < 0.05 ns ns

56. “Mad” “Glad”
“Sad” “Rad”
Cost
Completing with C or Better
Student Success per Dollar
0 100%
$200

57. “Mad” “Glad”
“Sad” “Rad”
Cost
Completing with C or Better
Commercial
Student Success per Dollar
0 100%
$200

58. “Mad” “Glad”
“Sad” “Rad”
Cost
Completing with C or Better
Commercial
OER
Student Success per Dollar
0 100%
$200

59. Cost savings
Access
Portability
Course performance
Adapt, update, & remix
Enrolment
Student retention
Program completion

61. The Z-Degree
REMOVING TEXTBOOK COSTS AS A
BARRIER TO STUDENT SUCCESS
THROUGH AN OER-BASED CURRICULUM
Decreased cost to
graduate by 25%
Increased
pedagogical flexibility
Improved course
completion rates

62. RESEARCH
ESSAYS.
I CAN WRITE
RESEARCH
ESSAYS

65. • >8,500 Psychology articles
• Viewed >64,000 times every six months
• ~63% have gone through Wikipedia’s peer
assessment
• ~9% have achieved “good article” status

67. Benefits
• Achieve deeper understanding of the topic (Farzan & Kraut, 2013)
• Evaluate and defend credibility of sources (Marentette, 2014)
• Write more concisely and think more critically (Farzan & Kraut, 2013)
• Collaborating with students from around the world (Karney, 2012)
• Provide and receive constructive feedback (Ibrahim, 2012)
• Enhance digital literacy (Silton, 2012)
• Communicate ideas to a general audience (APS, 2013)

69. 14,000
33,000
92%
Students who have taken on
Wikipedia assignments since 2010
New articles that students have
created
Instructors who say they will, or
plan to, teach with Wikipedia again

74. rajiv.jhangiani@kpu.ca
@thatpsychprof
Thank you!