kanazawa.rb #02 (2012/09/22) の発表資料。Sinatra 概要。

1. Beginner’s Sinatra
Minimal Framework in Ruby
2012/09/22 - kanazawa.rb #2

2. Web System
Web server
Application server
Database server

3. Web System
Client
Web server
Application server
Database server

4. example
Web System
Apache
Tomcat (java)
PostgreSQL

5. example
Web System
nginx
Rails (Ruby)
MySQL

6. example
Web System
thin
Sinatra (Ruby)
MySQL

7. example
Web System
thin
Sinatra (Ruby)
MySQL

8. Sinatra

9. Sinatra
http://www.sinatrarb.com

10. Sinatra
http://www.sinatrarb.com
Sinatra is a DSL for
quickly creating
web applications in Ruby

11. Sinatra
http://www.sinatrarb.com
Sinatra is a DSL for
quickly creating
web applications in Ruby

12. Hello world!
$ gem install sinatra
$ vi myapp.rb
$ ruby myapp.rb

13. Hello world!
$ gem install sinatra
$ vi myapp.rb
$ ruby myapp.rb

14. Hello world!
require 'sinatra'
get '/' do
'Hello world!'
end

15. Hello world!
require 'sinatra'
get '/' do
'Hello world!'
end
that's all

16. Hello world!
require 'sinatra'
get '/' do
'Hello world!'
end

17. Hello world!
require 'sinatra'
Request
get '/' do
'Hello world!'
end

18. Hello world!
require 'sinatra'
Request
get '/' do
'Hello world!'
end Handling & Response

19. Hello world!
$ gem install sinatra
$ vi myapp.rb
$ ruby myapp.rb

20. Hello world!

21. Hello world!

22. MVC
Model
View
Controller

23. MVC
Model
View
Controller

24. MVC
Model
View Sinatra
Controller

25. MVC
Model
View
Controller

26. MVC
ActiveRecord
DataMapper
Sequel
Model
View
Controller

27. MVC
ActiveRecord
DataMapper
Sequel
Model
View
erb
Controller haml
Builder

28. MVC
ActiveRecord
DataMapper
Sequel
Model
View
erb
Controller haml
Builder
As you like :)

29. Sinatra
Minimal “Routing” Framework in Ruby
handling response
request handling response
handling response

30. Routing

31. How to routing
1.HTTP method + URL path
2.Conditions
3.Filters
4.Passing
5.Halt & Error

32. 1. HTTP method + URL path
HTTP method
get
post
put
delete

33. 1. HTTP method + URL path
get '/' do ...
post '/' do ...
put '/' do ...
delete '/' do ...
first match

34. 1. HTTP method + URL path
URL path
pattern
regular expressions

35. 1. HTTP method + URL path
get '/path/' do ... # => '/path/'
get '/path/:dir/:file' do ... # => '/path/hoge/fuga'
get '/path/*.*' do ... # => '/path/hoge.xml'
get %r{/path/[w]+} do ... # => '/path/hoge'
first match

36. 2. Conditions
user agent
host name
mime type (≒HTTP Accept)
custom conditions

37. 2. Conditions
get '/', :agent => /MSIE/ do ...
get '/', :host_name => /^admin./ do ...
get '/', :provides => :rss do ...
first match

38. 2. Conditions
set(:random) { |val| condition { rand <= val } }
get '/', :random => 0.2 do ... # => 20%
get '/' do ... # => 80%
first match

39. 3. Filters
Before
After

40. 3. Filters
before '/usr/*' do ...
before '/' do ...
get '/usr/*' do ...
get '*' do ...
after '/usr/*' do ...
after do ... # => after '*' do ...

41. 3. Filters
/usr/hoge
before '/usr/*' do ...
before '/' do ...
get '/usr/*' do ...
get '*' do ...
after '/usr/*' do ...
after do ... # => after '*' do ...

42. 3. Filters
/usr/hoge
before '/usr/*' do ... 1
before '/' do ...
get '/usr/*' do ... 2
get '*' do ...
after '/usr/*' do ... 3
after do ... # => after '*' do ...

43. 3. Filters
/usr/hoge /
before '/usr/*' do ... 1
before '/' do ...
get '/usr/*' do ... 2
get '*' do ...
after '/usr/*' do ... 3
after do ... # => after '*' do ...

44. 3. Filters
/usr/hoge /
before '/usr/*' do ... 1
before '/' do ... 1
get '/usr/*' do ... 2
get '*' do ... 2
after '/usr/*' do ... 3
after do ... # => after '*' do ... 3

45. 3. Filters
/usr/hoge / /fuga
before '/usr/*' do ... 1
before '/' do ... 1
get '/usr/*' do ... 2
get '*' do ... 2
after '/usr/*' do ... 3
after do ... # => after '*' do ... 3

46. 3. Filters
/usr/hoge / /fuga
before '/usr/*' do ... 1
before '/' do ... 1
get '/usr/*' do ... 2
get '*' do ... 2 1
after '/usr/*' do ... 3
after do ... # => after '*' do ... 3 2

47. 4. Passing
get '*' do
pass if rand <= 0.2;
# xxx
end
get '*' do
# xxx
end
first match

48. 4. Passing
get '*' do
pass if rand <= 0.2;
# xxx
end
get '*' do
# xxx
end
first match

49. 5. Halt & Error
error 403 do
'Access Forbidden'
end
before '/secret/*' do
halt 403 unless authorized
end

50. 5. Halt & Error
error 403 do
'Access Forbidden'
end
before '/secret/*' do
halt 403 unless authorized
end

51. 5. Halt & Error
error 404 do
'File Not Found'
end
before '/devel/*' do
halt 'xxx'
end

52. Request

53. URL pattern (:xxx)
get '/path/:dir/:file' do # => '/path/hoge/fuga'
params[:dir] # => "hoge"
params[:file] # => "fuga"
end

54. URL pattern (*)
get '/path/*.*' do # => '/path/hoge/fuga.xml'
params[:splat] # => [ "hoge/fuga", "xml" ]
end
get '/path/*.*' do |path, ext| # => '/path/hoge/fuga.xml'
path # => "hoge/fuga"
ext # => "xml"
end

55. URL regular expression
get %r{/path/([w]+)} do # => '/path/hoge'
params[:capture] # => [ "hoge" ]
end
get %r{/path/([w]+)} do |cap| # => '/path/hoge'
cap # => [ "hoge" ]
end

56. HTTP Get query
"/?abc=hoge&def=fuga"
get '*' do
params[:abc] # => "hoge"
params[:def] # => "fuga"
end

57. HTTP Post data
<input name="abc" value="hoge">
<input name="def" value="fuga">
post '*' do
params[:abc] # => "hoge"
params[:def] # => "fuga"
end

58. request object
get '*' do
request.cookies # => cookie hash
request.xhr? # => is ajax request (boolean)
request.methods # => any more!
end

59. Response

60. Response type
1.Objects
2.Template

61. 1. Object
String
Fixnum (as HTTP Status code)
Array
[status (Fixnum), response body (responds to #each)]
[status (Fixnum), headers (Hash), response body (responds to #each)]

62. 2. Template
haml
erb
builder

63. 2. Template
haml
erb
builder
sass
coffee-script

64. 2. Template
get '/' do
erb :index # => ./views/index.erb
end

65. 2. Template
get '/' do
erb :index # => ./views/index.erb
end

66. 2. Template
get '/' do
erb :index # => ./views/index.erb
end
config OK

67. 2. Template
get '/' do
@attr1 = "val1"
@attr2 = "val2"
erb :index
end
<%= @attr1 %><%= @attr2 %>

68. 2. Template
get '/' do
erb :index, :locals => { :attr1 => "val1", :attr2 => "val2" }
end
<%= attr1 %><%= attr2 %>

69. Conclusion

70. Sinatra
Minimal routing framework
for quickly creating web applications in Ruby
can using any templates

71. Thank you
Tomokazu Kiyohara
http://facebook.com/tomokazu.kiyohara
http://twitter.com/kiyohara