During the Age of Enlightenment, the "philosophes" (French for philosopher) championed enlightened values of empiricism, freedom, science, reason, progress, and religious toleration. The Philosophes hailed from several European nations, such as France (Voltaire, Diderot, Montesquieu, Rousseau), Prussia (Kant), Scotland (Smith), and the United States (Jefferson, Franklin, Paine). This PowerPoint presentation was designed to accompany a lecture on the Enlightenment for courses in Western Civilization, World History, and European History. For more instructional materials, check out my website: http://www.tomrichey.net