12. ゼロレーティング
定まった定義はないですが、通常以下のように理解されています。
◦ “the practice of not charging data to a mobile broadband subscriber’s contract” (Layton & Elaluf-
Calderwood, 2015, p. 2)
◦ “where they permit their subscribers to access websites or applications from select edge
providers at no charge.” (Ard, 2016, p. 985)
◦ “Sponsored data plans (sometimes called zero-rating) enable broadband providers to exclude
edge provider content from end users’ usage allowances.” (FCC, 2015 Open Internet Order,
para. 151)
◦ “Zero-rating is a commercial practice which consists of allowing end-users to access particular
content, services or applications without being charged or having it count towards their data
usage. In Europe, it is currently observed mainly in the context of mobile Internet access with
data caps.” (BEREC, 2015, p. 20)
要するに、ネットワーク事業者の裁量により、一部のウェブやアプリケーションへのアク
セスを無料で提供するサービス。
T. JITSUZUMI@平成28年度生活経済学会九州部会(Nov. 26, 2016; Kagoshima, Japan) 12
21. ただし、品質低下措置の導入は必須
T. JITSUZUMI@平成28年度生活経済学会九州部会(Nov. 26, 2016; Kagoshima, Japan) 21
行き着く先は月間データ利用量制限の撤廃
2016年8月18日発表
• Unlimited talk, text, and 4G LTE data
• Unlimited mobile hotspot at just 2G speeds
(that’s not a typo); if you need high-speed data,
you can add 5GB tethering data for $15 per
month
• Unlimited 480p video streaming; $25 per month
add-on if you want HD or higher
• You also get T-Mobile’s Simple Global, Mobile
Without Borders, Carrier Freedom, WiFi
Unleashed, Stock Up, and T-Mobile Tuesdays
• Price: 1st line at $70, 2nd line at $50, lines 3-8 at
$20 per, and lines 9+ at $30 per (all of those
prices are with auto pay enabled)
• Add tablets for $20 per month or connected
wearables for $5 per month
Source: http://www.droid-life.com/2016/08/18/t-mobile-one-unlimited-data-price-availability/
On all plans, during congestion the top
3% of data users (>28GB/mo.) may
notice reduced speeds until next bill cycle.
Video typically streams on
smartphone/tablet at DVD quality (480p).
Tethering at Max 3G speeds.
23. EFFの見解
In a nutshell, zero-rating plans exempt particular data from counting against a user's data cap,
or from accruing any excess usage charges. The most dangerous of these plans, such as the
AT&T and Verizon offerings, only offer their users zero-rated data from content providers who
pay the carriers money to do so. …
But serious risks are presented even by zero-rating schemes that aren't pay-to-play. Let's
break it down:
1. Distorting Content Consumption コンテンツの利用を歪める
2. Distorting Access Markets アクセス市場を歪める
3. The Walled Garden Effect 囲い込み効果を発生させる
4. Privacy and Security プライバシーとセキュリティの懸念がある
5. Centralizing Power in New Internet Gatekeepers 新たなインターネットのゲートキー
パーに力を集中させる
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出典:https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2016/02/zero-rating-what-it-is-why-you-should-care
有料のsponsored data型も含んだ議論
34. 参考文献
Ard, BJ. (2016) “Beyond Neutrality: How Zero Rating Can (Sometimes)Advance User Choice,
Innovation, and Democratic Participation,” Maryland Law Review, 75(984),
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2781791.
Body of European Regulators for Electric Communications [BEREC]. (2015) “How Do
Consumers Value Net Neutrality in an Evolving Internet Marketplace?:A Report Into
Ecosystem Dynamics and Demand-side Forces,”
http://berec.europa.eu/eng/document_register/subject_matter/berec/reports/5024-berec-
report-on-how-consumers-value-net-neutrality-in-an-evolving-internet-marketplace-a-
report-into-ecosystem-dynamics-and-demand-side-forces.
Layton, R. and Elaluf-Calderwood, S. (2015) “Zero Rating: Do Hard Rules Protect or Harm
Consumers and Competition? Evidence from Chile, Netherlands and Slovenia,”
http://ssrn.com/abstract=2587542.
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Editor's Notes
This is mainly due to the increase of data hungry applications and contents.
In order to understand the dynamics behind this Japanese treatment of net neutrality in 2007, you have to understand…
In order to understand the dynamics behind this Japanese treatment of net neutrality in 2007, you have to understand…