EMC World 2016 12 Factor Apps FTW
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This was a session Brian Verkley and I delivered in Las Vegas for EMC World 2016 called 12 Factor App FTW ! In this presentation we talked to each of the 12 factors and how it can relate to the operations side of the house.
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EMC World 2016 12 Factor Apps FTW
- 1. 1© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. 1© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. 12-FACTOR APP FTW !!! (FOR THE WIN)
- 2. 2© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Our Asks….. • Don’t be quiet or shy !! • Sales Pitch Free Zone! • Tweet it out Questions! #EMCWorld @vTexan @bverkley
- 3. 3© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Product Companies Are Creating “Smart Devices” EVERY INDUSTRY IS BEING DIGITALLY TRANSFORMED
- 4. 4© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. APPS ARE GOING FROM MONOLITHIC… To Cloud Native http://catina.co
- 5. 5© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. WHAT MAKES CLOUD NATIVE APPS DIFFERENT? • Operate At Much Greater Scale On Much More Data • Tend To Be Built On Microservices • Use New Development Methods • As Well As New Deployment, Organizational and Management Models • With Open Source Components At All Levels Different Promises:
- 6. 6© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. CLOUD NATIVE APPS INFRASTRUCTURE NEEDS • Programmability (“Infrastructure As Code”) • Elasticity (Which Demands A Scale-Out Architecture) • Economics (Steers Towards Commodity + Software- based) • Strong Instrumentation And Telemetry Of Infrastructure Layer
- 7. 7© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. DevOps is an operations model where software development principles are applied to operations
- 8. 8© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
- 9. 9© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. • It’s a methodology for developing what is known as “Cloud Native Apps” • It helps minimize divergence between development and production • It enables continuous deployment to maximize agility • It can be applied to any app written in any programming language WHAT IS 12-FACTOR
- 10. 10© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. FACTOR I - CODEBASE • Not just for developers anymore • Central repository for all infrastructure Information – Chef, Ansible, Puppet, Jenkins etc • Ops: “Dear Ops – can you deploy this code for me….is it in GitHub? If not, it doesn’t exist !.” One codebase tracked in revision control, many deploys
- 11. 11© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. FACTOR II - DEPENDENCIES Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies • Never make environment assumptions – Enable automated builds of fresh environments • Explicitly declare in code – Track in your code repository • Ops: “Dear Ops, my app broke, can you update a dependency for me?” - “No. Declare it and rebuild.”
- 12. 12© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. FACTOR III - CONFIG • Config is everything that is likely to vary between deploys ! (Staging, Production, Dev etc) • Include access credentials, logging config • Not buried into the code (with passwords etc) • Ops “Hey, can you update the app to reflect this new password….ah nope….store your config somewhere other than the code !” Store config in the environment
- 13. 13© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. FACTOR IV - BACKING SERVICES Treat backing services as attached resources • URLs allow freedom. Enjoy your freedom. – Freedom of mobility – Freedom of scalability – Freedom of language – Freedom of provider • Ops: Hardware changes won’t necessitate application changes. Delightful.
- 14. 14© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. FACTOR V - BUILD, RELEASE, RUN • Build = Codebase being built • Release = Build + Config • Run = deploy to the wild • Ops: Can you edit this one thing for me…NO ! We don’t do snowflakes…trust the tools Strictly separate build and run stages
- 15. 15© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. FACTOR VI - PROCESS Execute the app as one or more stateless processes • When bad stuff happens to good code – Failure is not an option… it is a certainty – Outages are not a choice… how you handle them is • Be as stateless as possible, so failures are easy to recover from • Ops: Do you enjoy waking up at 2am to restart a process ?
- 16. 16© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. FACTOR VII - PORT BINDING • The app should be completely self contained. Don’t assume your app is the only thing on that server • Resources needed to listen (IP Address, Ports) should be received from the environment (env) • Multi-level systems (Java in Tomcat, PHP in Apache) violate this principle. • Ops: Ahhhh, my app isn’t working anymore, is someone else using 8080? Is Python 3.5 compatible with Apache 2.2? Export services via port binding
- 17. 17© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. FACTOR VIII - CONCURRENCY Scale out via the process model • One task = one process • To scale a task up, add processes to do more at once • To improve concurrency, look to eliminate locking & increase caching (ie table database locking etc) • Reduce whack-a-mole scale bottlenecks • Ops: Infrastructure should be pools of resources and the applications should allocated them to the tasks based on demand
- 18. 18© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. FACTOR IX - DISPOSABILITY Maximize robustness with fast startup and graceful shutdown • Startup times should be low • No loss of state for users if process is lost • If it can’t heal itself, kill it and bring up another one. • Ops: “Can you reboot this app….no….kill it and respawn it”
- 19. 19© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. FACTOR X - DEV/PROD PARITY Keep development, staging, and production as similar as possible • “Worked in Dev….no idea why it’s not in Prod” • Do you want to troubleshoot code or environment? • Increase deployment confidence • Performance can be different ! • Ops: Reduce the blame game, and the downtime
- 20. 20© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. FACTOR XI - LOGS • Log absolutely everything ! • Searching is cheap !! • Logs should be treated as first class citizens ! • Ops: Logs are the canary in the coal mine! It helps you figure out where things went wrong ! “If I had a $1 for each time my boss said “did you check the logs” when I ask him for troubleshooting help!” Treat logs as event streams
- 21. 21© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. FACTOR XII - ADMIN PROCESSES Run admin/management tasks as one-off processes • No one-off custom scripts • Everything done live is from the codebase and logs to the official logging system • (eg, never update the database from the db cli) • Ops: “Dear Ops, can you run this for me?” - “No, I like you too much to be that mean.”
- 22. 22© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. • 12 Factor is a mindset, and set of tools/process • DevOps is a cultural shift combining Operations teams and Development Teams (embrace it!) • DevOps is also the most overused term since Cloud • Keep in mind, this is session is a blueprint! SUMMARY
- 23. 23© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. • Brian Verkley - @bverkley • Tommy Trogden - @vTexan WANT TO REACH OUT TO US?
- 24. 24© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. 24© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Editor's Notes
- By 2020, more than seven billion people and businesses, and at least 30 billion devices, will be connected to the Internet. With people, businesses and things communicating, transacting, and even negotiating with each other, a new world comes into being – the world of digital business. This expansion promises an unprecedented convergence of digitally enabled people, business and things. This convergence will disrupt business models in powerful ways – even those that have long dominated the Internet and e-business eras. All of this change is driven by SOFTWARE. But don’t wait for 2020 for this expansion to start impacting markets. In many places, it’s happening right now. Digital businesses don’t just re-tool old processes and paradigms. Using software, they are reinventing the very way people have for decades gotten things done—from personal transportation to healthcare monitoring, home maintenance, and shipping logistics. These are new business designs that are blurring the physical and digital world. No longer are we humans providing intelligence to power equipment, tools, and devices. With the help of software, intelligent devices are gathering and providing highly valuable information to us. It is about the interaction and negotiations between business and things driving more immersive customer experience and seamless engagement. But these smart devices are doing more than helping us monitor blood sugar, avoid traffic jams and regulate home energy consumption. They’re inspiring a new generation of data-driven industries, services and business opportunities and with rapid advances in nanotechnology, you can expect smart sensors to be found in almost everything. What we see today is just the beginning.
- Built Using New Development Tools …Build Using New Development Methods …Built In New Organizational Models …Leveraging New “Polyglot” Data Fabrics …That has open-source at it’s core For community/innovation more than commercials: think “free speech,” not “free beer”
- Factor I = essentially this is the foundation for which your application will be built upon. The one center of truth in the process. If it’s not in a version controll system, it shouldn’t exist and that should be a hard and fast rule. It’s imperative that you, as an operations individual have a good understanding of how these sorts of source code repositories work. An easy, and well established solution is our friends over at GitHub. Github, as well as other solutions like Mercurial, Subversion and even Visual Studio Team Foundation Server would be the central location your developers would use to store their code. To get more familiar with these types of solutions, I’d recommend creating a free GitHub account and play around with things live version control. Everything should be in Revision control – this allows you to do things Git Blame
- This is why containers are so popular
- If you don’t have logs, you can’t do root cause analysis – if you don’t have that – how can you trust the issue won’t happen again !
- When you don’t know what you are doing – follow the rules – until you are comfortable – and then you can do variations. Its like cooking, follow the recipe the first time, then alter the second time.