1. The sustainable development framework:
THE WHOLE AGENDA
Economic:
Issue of traditional growth path;
GDP, capital stock, and debt;
government’s role: provision of
public goods, regulation, energy
pricing
(DEMOCRATIC)
GOVERNANCE
Social Environmental
Social inclusion, access to
Biodiversity, water, food,
jobs, health, education,
energy, climate change impact
good governance, culture
Green (and decent) jobs
Poverty-environment nexus; Social impact of ecosystem damage;
Social inclusion effects of pollution, and of environmental disasters.
2. PROCESSES & INSTITUTIONS
Central Government
Level of Decentralization, Fiscal empowerment
INCLUSION and
Local Government EMPOWERMENT
Services
RULE OF
LAW Equal access
Equal Community
opportunity
Human and Social
Collective action Capital
Private sector / incentives
Livelihoods
Justice
Eco- TRANSPARENT
efficiency
DECISION-
MAKING
REGULATION Environment
Natural resource
heritage
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3. REALITY: RISKS AND CHALLENGES
• Not one but three different internally diverse regions
• Hierarchical close regimes
• Relative high levels of corruption
• Weak institutional frameworks
• Weak checks and balances
• Weak civil society/democratic civic culture
• Conflicting or not-converging interests
• No structures/traditions for dialogue and accommodation
6. DEMOCRACIES (OR ALETERNATIVE SYSTEMS THAT PROVIDE VOICE & ACCOUNTABILITY) ARE
INDISPENSABLE FOR DEBATING PROBLEMS LIKE THE NECESSITY TO HAVE SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT, FOR ACCOMODATING CONFLICTING INTERESTS AND FOR SHAPING SOCIAL
CONSENSUS AND A NEW PARADIGM.
7. Core democratic governance features which support human development
Programmatic politics Inclusive institutions
Human
development
Policy coherence &
performance monitoring Collective action
(state capacity)
Programmatic politics and political commitments
Evidence shows that, over and above the existence of particular forms of democracy, credible
programmatic political commitments by politicians influence service delivery and development
outcomes. These commitments are often linked to the existence of well-established programmatic
political parties, which advocate particular positions on issues of broad public concern, and thus can
make credible commitments to their electorate. This programmatic approach to politics is in contrast to
more clientelistic or patronage models, which tends to produce benefits for certain groups of the
population only.
8. DEMOCRACY & GOVERNMENT EFFECTIVENESS
WE ALSO KNOW THAT NON-DEMOCRACIES AND AUTOCRATIC
REGIMES ARE CORRUPT, ARE NOT EFFECTIVE NOR EFFICIENT,
TAKE ARBITRARY DECISIONS AND ARE NOT ACCOUNTABLE,
DELIVER VERY POOR RESULTS.
9. THREE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ISSUES
• The governance of natural resources
• Urbanization and urban governance
• Environmental governance, and global
environmental governance
• DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE: NOT MARKET,
NOT HIERARCHICAL, BUT NETWORK
GOVERNANCE/INCLUSIVE GOVERNANCE IN
WHICH ALL ACTORS (COMMUNITY, PUBLIC,
PRIVATE ACTORS, NATIONAL AUTHORITIES
AND INTERNATIONAL COMPANIES)
10. WHAT TO DO? EXAMPLE:
Fostering an Enabling Environment for Green Investments through Governance
CHALLENGE:
An enabling environment that fosters low-carbon investments by the private sector requires incentives, access to
credit, knowledge transfer and technologies, as well as transparency and a stable and predictable legal
environment.
PROJECT OBJECTIVES:
The objective of this project is to foster the requisite legal, financial and institutional frameworks to catalyze the
green economy. Working directly with the Government, the project will ensure that the private sector can benefit
from an appropriate enabling environment when making green investments.
The project also provides incentives to the private and public sectors by creating innovative arrangements for
capacity building while strengthening quality efficiency and regional competitiveness. This includes municipal-
level public-private partnership schemes for low-carbon development, inter-municipal co-operation partnerships,
schemes for foreign investors, and the launch of a technical support fund for financing green investments.
11. FOUR DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE CONDITIONS WICH SUPPORT EEFECTIVE
SUSTAINABLE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1. UNDERSTANDING THE POLITICAL ECONOMY: INTERNAL (POLITICS AND SYSTEM) AND EXTERNAL (GLOBAL GOVERNANCE)
2. INCLUDE FUTURE GENERATIONSWITHIN GOVERNANCE STRUCTURES AT ALL LEVELS THROUGH SOME FORM OF
REPRESENTATION.
3. GREATER ENGAGEMENT FROM DIFFRENTE STAKEHOLDERS AND STRUCTURES FOR CONFRONTATION AND COLLABORATION.
4. INSTITUTIONAL COHERENCE IN IMPLEMENTATION
Ensuring political incentives for Inclusive institutions (including
sustainability proxies for future generations)
Sustainable human
development
Policy coherence & performance
monitoring on sustainable human Collective action for sustainability
development
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