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automobile Steering system how it works sinhala
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automobile Steering system how it works sinhala
1.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 1 iqlaldkï
moaO;sh (Steering System) Odjkh jk jdykhla md,kh lr .ekSug w;HdjYH jk neúka" frdaOl moaO;sh fukau iqlaldkï moaO;sho jeo.;a ;ekla .kS¡ iqlaldkï moaO;sfhka bgqjk m%Odk ld¾hhka my; i|yka f,i oelaúh yel¡ ßhÿrd úiska iqlaldkï frdaoh (Steering Wheel) wjYH;dj wkqj lrljk úg" thg wkqrEmj bosßmi frdao yrjñka jdykfha Odjk osYdj fjkia lsÍu¡ iqlaldkï frdaoh lrleùu i|yd ßhÿrd úiska fhdok wdhdih" .shr wkqmd; yd ,Sjr ls%hdjka u.ska jeälr frdao yerùu i|yd fhdojd .ekSfuka ßhÿrdg myiqjla we;s lsÍu¡ jdykh Odjkh ùfïoS bosßmi frdaoj,ska we;sjk .eiaiSï fndfydaÿrg Wrd .ksñka tu .eiaiSï ßhÿrd fj; iïfma%IKh ùu je<elaùu¡ fuu ld¾hhka bgq lr,Su i|yd Wiia ;dlaI‚l ks¾udKhkaf.ka hq;= fldgia .Kkdjlau iqlaldkï moaO;shg we;=<;a fõ¡ kùk jdykj, Ndú; lrk iqlaldkï moaO;s m%Odk jYfhka j¾. follg fnosh yels fõ¡ tajd kï" 1. Drop Arm Type 2. Rack and Pinion Type kùk nia" f,dß jeks nr jdyk iEu tllu mdfya olakg ,efnkqfha Drop Arm Type iqlaldkï moaO;s jk w;r ld¾ jeks ieye,a¨ jdykj, Rack and Pinion Type nyq, jYfhka Ndú; flf¾¡
2.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 2 Drop
Arm Type my; rEm igyfka oelafjkafka ,U ndyq j¾.fha iqlaldkï moaO;shlg wh;a fldgia h¡ ßhÿre l=áfha we;s iqlaldkï frdaohg iújk iqlaldkï BIdj (Steering Shaft) we;af;a iqlaldkï lKqj ;=< h¡ jdykfha Odjk osYdj fjkia lsÍu i|yd ßhÿrd úiska iqlaldkï frdaoh tla w;lg lrljkq ,enQ úg" ta iu.u iqlaldkï lKqj ;=< we;s iqlaldkï BIdj lrleù weUreula iqlaldkï fmÜáhg (Steering Box) ,nd foa¡ iqlaldkï fmÜáh ;=< we;s .shr uÕska tu weUreï n,h (Twisting Force) jeälr" ,U ndyq BIdj (Drop Arm Shaft) wê n,hlska lrljhs¡ fï uÕska thg iïnkaO ,U ndyqj meoaoS" tu p,s;h ;sria ndyqj (Drag Link) uÕska wEªï oKav (Tie Rod) yd iqlaldkï w;a fj; ,ndoS frdao yerùu isÿ lrhs¡ iqlaldkï fmÜáfha isg frdao olajd p,s;h iïfm%aIKh lrk o~q moaO;sh iqlaldkï nkaOk o~q (Steering Linkage) f,i ye|skafõ¡ fï wkqj iqlaldkï nkaOk o~q moaO;shg wh;a jkafka ,U- ndyqj, ;sria ndyqj, wEªï oKav yd iqlaldkï w;a h¡
3.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 3 iqlaldkï
fmÜáh (Steering Box) fkdfhla wdldrfha ks¾udKhkaf.ka hq;a .shr wvx.= iqlaldkï fmÜá jdykj, Ndú; lrkq ,efí¡ tfia jqjo iqlaldkï fmÜáh ;=< we;s .shr tl,i uQ,sl jYfhka iukaú; jkafka iqlaldkï BIdj fl<jr we;s hï wdldrhl .evú,s .shrhlska (Worm Gear) iy iqlaldkï BIdjg ,ïnlj ilia lr we;s ,U ndyq BIdfõ we;s .shrhlsks¡ fuu .shr tlsfkl yd iïnkaO ù we;s w;r fï .shr ieleiau uÕska .shr wkqmd;hlao we;s lrhs¡ jdykj, nyq, jYfhka Ndú; lrk iqlaldkï fmÜá j¾. y;rla my; oelafõ¡ 1. .evú,d yd .evú,s frdao j¾.h (Worm and Worm Wheel Type) 2. bial=remamq yd uqßÉÑ j¾.h (Screw and Nut Type) 3. m%;sixirK .=,d j¾.h (Re-circulating Ball Type) 4. .evú,d yd frda,r j¾.h (Worm and Roller Type) .evú,d yd .evú,s frdao j¾.h (Worm and Worm Wheel Type) fuu j¾.fhaoS iqlaldkï BIdj fl<jr we;s .evú,d" wdjrKh (Casing) ;=< r|jd we;af;a f;rmqï fnhdßï (Thrust Bearings) foll wdOdrfhks¡ .evú,s frdaohg iú ù we;s ,U ndyq BIdj lrlefjkqfha f,dalv nqyq (Bronze Bushes) u;h¡ my; rEm igyfka oelafjkafka .evú,d yd .evú,s frdao j¾.fha iqlaldkï fmÜáhls¡ .evú,s frdaoh .evú,d yd iïnkaO ù we;s neúka iqlaldkï BIdfõ (Steering Shaft) fl<jrg iúlr we;s iqlaldkï frdaoh lrljk úg .evú,d lrlefjk w;r .evú,d uÕska .evú,s frdaoho ,U ndyq BIdjo (Drop Arm Shaft) p,s; lrhs¡ fï fya;=fjka ,U ndyq BIdjg odr uÕska yd uqßÉÑhla uÕska iïnkaOj we;s ,U ndyqj meoaoS" ,U ndyqj yd frdao hd lrk iqlaldkï nkaOk o~q wdOdrfhka frdao yerùu isÿ lrhs¡
4.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 4 iqlaldku
l%shd lsÍfïoS .evú,s frdaoh lrlefjkqfha wxYl 60 isg 90 olajd muK m%udKhla ne.ska f.ùulg Ndckh jkqfha .evú,s frdaofha iam¾Y jk fldgi mu‚¡ fï ksid .evú,s frdaofha hïlsis f.ùula we;s jQ úg" tu frdaoh yrjd fkdf.jqk me;a; .evú,d yd iïnkaO lr .ekSfuka .evú,s frdaoh ;jÿrg;a m%fhdackhg .ekSug yelsùu fuu j¾.fha we;s m%Odk jdishla fjhs¡ fuu ks¾udKhgu fndfydaÿrg iudk" tfy;a .evú,s frdaoh fjkqjg .evú,s flakaøsl LKavhla (Worm Sector) fhdod we;s .evú,d yd flakaøsl LKav j¾.h (Worm and Sector Type) hkqfjka yªkajkq ,nk iqlaldkï fmÜá j¾.hlao jdykj, Ndú; flf¾¡ fuh by; i|yka j¾.j,g jvd ir, yd ieye,a¨ jk kuq;a .evú,s frdaoh fuka flakaøsl LKavh f.jqkq miq kej; yrjd mdúÉÑ lsÍug fkdyels fõ¡
5.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 5 bial=remamq
yd uqßÉÑ j¾.h (Screw and Nut Type) fuu j¾.fhaoS" iqlaldkï BIdj fl<jr we;af;a nyq werUqu (Multi- start) iys; bial=remamq fmdgls¡ fmdiam¾ f,dalvj,ska fyda jdfkaj,ska idod we;s uqßÉÑfha we;=<; we;s bial=remamq fmdg uÕska uqßÉÑh bial=remamqjg iïnkaO ù we;¡ ,U ndyq BIdjg iïnkaO meoaÿï w; (Rocker Arm) fl<jfrys we;s weKh uqßÉÑfha ilia lr we;s isÿrg jefÜ¡ fï ksid uqßÉÑhg lrleùug wjldY ke;s fõ¡ iqlaldkï frdaoh lrljk úg iqlaldkï BIdj lrleù bial=remamq fmdg lrlefjk w;r uqßÉÑhg lrleùug fkdyels neúka uqßÉÑh fmdg osf.a .uka lrhs¡ fuúg uqßÉÑhg iïnkaOj we;s weKh fya;=fjka meoaÿï w; p,s; jk w;r ta wkqj ,U ndyq BIdj lrleù ,U ndyq BIdj lrleù ,U ndyqj meoaoSfuka o~qj, wdOdrfhka frdao yerùu isÿ fõ¡
6.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 6 .evú,d
yd frda,r j¾.h (Worm and Roller Type) my; rEm igyfka oelafjkafka fuu j¾.fha iqlaldkï fmÜáhls¡ iqlaldkï BIdj fl<jr we;s .evú,d yd iïnkaO jk ,U ndyq BIdjg iúlr we;s frda,rh (Roller) fya;=fjka iqlaldkï BIdj lrljk úg ,U ndyq BIdj p,kh ù ,U ndyqfõ wjYH p,s;h we;s lrhs¡ m%;sixirK .=,d j¾.h (Re-circulating Ball Type) kùk jdykj, jeä jYfhka olakg ,efnk iqlaldkï fmÜá j¾.h jkqfha fuu j¾.h hs¡ fuu j¾.fha iqlaldkï fmÜáj, iqlaldkï BIdj fl<jr we;s .evú,d u; úfYaI uqßÉÑhla fjhs¡ fuu .=,d uqßÉÑh we;=<; ilia lr we;s we,s (Grooves) yd .evú,df.a we,s w;r we;s l=vd .=,d (Balls) fma<shls¡ iqlaldkï BIdj lerflk úg we,s Tiafia .=,d fmr<S ta uÕska .=,d uqßÉÑh .evú,d osf.a p,kh ùug i,iajhs¡
7.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 7 iqlaldkï
fmÜáfha iSreudre lsÍï iEu iqlaldkï fmÜáhlu mdfya iSreudre lsÍï folla i|yd wjldY i,id we;¡ tkï" 1. iqlaldkï BIdfõ fl<jr nqre, (End Play) 2. .evú,d yd frda,r fyda flakaøsl LKavh fyda w;r we;s wjr .eiau (Backlash) fuhg wu;rj iuyr iqlaldkï fmÜáj, ,U ndyq BIdfõ fl<jr nqre, iSreudre lsÍu i|ydo bv i,id we;¡ iqlaldkï BIdfõ fl<jr nqre, iSreudre lsÍu lrkq ,nkafkaa BIdfõ fl<jr we;s f;rmqï fnhdßï iSreudre lsÍfuks¡ fï i|yd iuyr ks¾udKj,oS isú fld< (Shims) fhdod .kakd w;r wfkla wjia:dj, ta i|yd iSreudre uqßÉÑhla fjhs¡ wjr .eiau iSreudre lsÍu i|yd fjku uqßÉÑhla fõ¡ idudkHfhka fuu uqßÉÑh msysgqjd we;af;a iqlaldkï fmÜáfha me;s ljrh (Side Cover) u; h¡ tla tla j¾.j, iqlaldkï fmÜáj, iSreudre lsÍï l< hq;= wdldrh yd m%udKhka ms<sn|j ta ta ksIamdolhka úiska olajkq ,efí¡ iqlaldkï fmÜáfhkaa id¾:l ld¾hlaIu;djla ,nd .ekSu i|yd tu iSreudre lsÍï kshu wdldrfhkau lsÍu jeo.;a fõ¡
8.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 8 iqlaaldkï
nkaOk o~q (Steering Linkage) rEm igyfka olajd we;s nkaOk o~q ieleiaug wu;rj fkdfhla j¾.j, nkaOk o~q ieliqï jdykj, Ndú; lrkq ,efí¡ my; rEm igyfka oelafjkafka ;j;a nyq, jYfhka fhdod .kakd ieleiauls¡ bosßmi frdaoj, we;af;a ksoyia wj,ïnkhla (Independent Suspension) kï" fhdod .kq ,nkafka fujeks o~q ieleiauls¡ fuu ieleiafïoS ,U ndyqj m%;sfhdacl oKavg (Relay Rod) iïnkaO jkafka .=,d uQÜgqjla (Ball Joint) uÕsks¡ ßhÿrd úiska iqlaldkï frdaoh lrljk úg" tu lrljk osYdj wkqj ,U ndyqj tl me;a;lg p,s; ù m%;sfhdacl oKav ;,a¨ lrhs¡ WodyrK jYfhka" jdykh ol=Kq osYdjg yerùu i|yd iqlaldkï frdaoh ol=Kq foig lrlejQ úg" ta wkqj ,U ndyqj jï me;a;g p,s; ù m%;sfhdacl oKav tu osYdjg woS¡ fuúg m%;sfhdacl oKavg .=,d uQÜgq u.ska iïnkaO lr we;s wEÿï o~q folska jï me;af;a we;s oKav u.ska iqlaldkï w; ;,a¨ lr tu frdaoh ol=Kq osYdjg yrjhs¡ ta
9.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 9 iu.u
ol=Kqmi we;s oKav u.ska iqlaldkï w; weoSfuka tu frdaoh ol=Kq osYdjg yrjhs¡ m%;sfhdacl oKafvys ,U ndyqjg iïnkaO fkdjk fl<jr" jdykfha rduqjg iújk wlï w; (Idle Arm) iuÕ .=,d uQÜgqjlska iïnkaO lsÍfuka r|jd we;¡ fuu wlï w; ,U ndyqjg iudka;r fõ¡ my; rEm igyfka oelafjk f,i" wEÿï o~q iqlaldkï w;aj,g iú jkafkao .=,d uQÜgq u.sks¡ frdaoj, we;=,a we,h ieliSu i|yd wEÿï o~qj, os. fjkia lsÍu ms‚i ú,a,lska yd l,ïm follska hqla; iSreudrejla tla tla wEÿï oKafâ fjhs¡ l,ïm nqre,alr ú,a, lrleùfuka wjYH m%udKh wkqj wEÿï oKafâ os. fjkia lr.; yels fõ¡
10.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 10 .=,d
uQÜgq (Ball Joints) iqlaldkï nkaOk o~q moaO;sj, .=,d uQÜgq nyq, jYfhka Ndú; lrkq ,efí¡ .=,d uQÜgqjla u.ska iEu osYdjgu yerúh yels uQÜgqjla ,nd .ekSug yels fõ¡ my; rEm igyfka oelafjkafka .=,d uQÜgqjl yrialvls¡ .=,d uQÜgqjla u.ska o~q folla iïnkaO lsÍfïoS" tla oKavla uQÜgqfõ ksfjiakdjg iújk w;r wfkla oKav .=,d weKhg iú fõ¡ .=,d weKfha we;s fÜmr yevhg iß,k f,i oKafvyso isÿr fÜmr yevhg ksulr we;¡ fï ksid oKav .=,d weKhg iúlr wg¨ uqßÉÑh ;ol< úg" oKav yd .=,d weKh w;r fyd| iïnkaOhla we;s fõ¡ .=,d weKh khsf,daka fnhdßu u; p,s; ùfuka iEu osYdjlgu yerúh yels iïnkaOh we;s lrhs¡ iuyr .=,d uQÜgq" úfYaIfhka kùk l=vd jdykj, Ndú; lrk .=,d uQÜgq iajhx iafkayk j¾.hg (Self – Lubricating Type) wh;a fõ¡ tkï tajd ksIamdokh lsÍfïoSu uQÜgqfõ Ôú; ld,hgu wjYH iafkaykh ,ndoSu i|yd úfYaI iafkayl thg fhdod we;¡ tfyhska tjeks uQÜgq kej; iafkaykh lsÍula wjYH fkdjk w;r .%Sia fhoSu i|yd .%Sia mqvqjlao (Grease Nipple) fkdue;¡ tfy;a iuyr jdykj," úfYaIfhka nr jdykj, fhdod we;s .=,d uQÜgq iafkaykh lsÍu i|yd .%Sia mqvq fhdod we;¡ fujeks uQÜgq l,ska l,g .%Sia nghla (Grease Gun) wdOdrfhka iafkaykh l< hq;= fõ¡ .=,d uQÜgq w¿;ajeähd l< fkdyelsh¡ tajd f.ù.sh miq w¿;a uQÜgq fhosh hq;= fõ¡
11.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 11 oe;s
;,õj yd oj frdao j¾.h (Rack and Pinion Type) oe;s ;,õj yd oj frdao j¾.fha iqlaaldkï moaO;sj, we;s ir, Ndjh;a" p,s; fldgia wvqùu;a ksid kùk l=vd jdykj, fuu j¾.fha moaO;s b;d nyq, jYfhka fhdod .efka¡ my; rEm igyfka oelafjkafka fudag¾ r:hl fhdod we;s Rack and Pinion Type iqlaldkï moaO;shl ieleiauls¡ ßhÿrd úiska iqlaldkï frdaoh lrlejQ úg" iqlaldkï BIdj lrleù ta u.ska oj frdaoh lrljhs¡ fuúg oj frdaoh u.ska oe;s ;,õj tla mfilg p,kh lrk w;r oe;s ;,õfõ fomig iïnkaOj we;s wEªï o~q u.ska tajdg iïnkaO lr we;s iqlaldkï w;aj, wdOdrfhka iqlaldkï frdaoh lrljk osYdjg wkqrEm osYdjg frdao yrjhs¡ iqlaldkï frdaoh wfkla mig lrlejQ úg ta wkqj oe;s ;,õj uq,ska p,ss; jQ osYdjg úreoaO osYdjg p,kh ù frdao wfkla osYdjg yrjhs¡ iqlaldkï BIdjg fhdod we;s oi; uQÜgq u.ska" iqlaldkï frdaofha lerl=u oj frdaoh fj; iïfm%aIKh lsÍug WmldÍùug wu;rj mdf¾ r¿ .;sh ksid we;sjk .eiaiSïo" Yíohkao BIdj osf.a ßhÿrd fj; hdu j<lajhs¡
12.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 12 iqlaldkï
wkqmd;h (Steering Ratio) iqlaldkï wkqmd;h hkq “ bosßmi frdao wxYl 1 l m%udKhlska yerùu i|yd iqlaldkï frdaoh lrleúh hq;= wxYl m%udKh ” fõ¡ WodyrKhla jYfhka hï jdykhl bosß frdao wxYl 1 lska yerùu i|yd iqlaldkï frdaoh wxYl 15 la lrleúh hq;= kï" tu jdykfha iqlaldkï wkqmd;h 15:1 ls¡ jdykj, iqlaldkï wkqmd; ta ta jdyk j¾.hg wkqj úYd, f,i fjkia fõ¡ idudkHfhka l=vd jdykj, th 20:1 la muK jk w;r iuyr nr jdykj, 33:1 la muK jk iqlaldkï wkqmd; olakg ,efí¡ iqlaldkï wkqmd;h jeäjk úg ßhÿrd úiska frdao yerùu i|yd iqlaldkï frdaoh u; fhosh hq;= wdhdih wvqjk neúka jdykh yrjd .ekSu myiq fõ¡ tfy;a fuu wjia:dfõoS frdaoh hïlsis m%udKhlska yerùu i|yd iqlaldkï frdaoh lrleúh hq;= m%udKh jeä neúka frdao blaukska yrjd .ekSug wmyiq fõ¡ ,U ndyq j¾.fhaoS iqlaldkï wkqmd;h r|d mj;sk idOl folla fõ¡ tkï iqlaldkï fmÜáfha .shr wkqmd;h yd iqlaldkï o~qj, ,SSjr l%shdj ksid we;sjk hdka;s%l jdishhs¡ .shr wkqmd;h r|d iqlaldkï fmÜáh ;=< we;s ta ta .shrj, oe;s ixLHdjka u; jk w;r hdka;%sl jdish ,U ndyqfõ os. yd iqlaldkï wf;a os. u; r|d mj;S¡ oe;s ;,õj yd oj frdao j¾.fha iqlaldkï wkqmd;h uQ,sl jYfhka r|d mj;skafka oj frdaofha úIalïNh u; h¡ úIalïNh wvq l< úg ta wkqj iqlaldkï wkqmd;h jeä fõ¡ tfy;a oj frdaofha úIalïNh wvq l< yels wju iSudjla fjhs¡ fï ksid oe;s ;,õj yd oj j¾.fhka we;s lr .; yels iqlaldkï wkqmd;ho iSudiys; fõ¡ fuh idudkHfhka 12:1 isg 22:1 muK olajd fjhs¡ iuyr kùk oe;s ;,õj yd oj frdao j¾.fha iqlaldkï moaO;s úp,H iqlaldkï wkqmd;hlska (Variable Steering Ratio) hqla; fõ¡ fuysoS" jdykfha frdao yefrk fldaKh jeä jk úg" iqlaldkï wkqmd;h o jeä jk f,i oe;s ;,õj yd oj frdaoh ks¾udKh lr we;¡ fï ksid jdykh .d,a lsÍu (Parking) jeks frdao jeä fldaKhlska yrjd jdykh fiñka Odjkh lsÍug isÿ jk wjia:dj, ßhÿrdg myiqjla we;s lrhs¡
13.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 13 n,
iydhl iqlaldkï moaO;s (Power Assisted Steering Systems) by;ska úia;r lrk ,oafoa ßhÿrd úiska fhdok wdhdifhka muKla l%shd lrk iqlaldkï moaO;Skaj, (Manual Steering Systems) ks¾udKh;a" l%shdldß;ajh;a ms<sn|jh¡ tfy;a jdykj, nr jeä ùu ksid;a" jvd m<, ghr jdykj,g fhoSug mgka .ekSu ksid;a jdykh yrjd .ekSug jeä wdhdihla fhoSug ßhÿrdg isÿ fõ¡ fuu wjdish uÕ yrjd .ekSu i|yd iqlaldkï wkqmd;h jeä l< yels jqjo" ta iuÕu frdao hï m%udKhlska yerùu i|yd iqlaldkï frdaoh jeä m%udKhlska yerùug ßhÿrdg isÿùu ksid kej;;a wjdisodhl ;;a;ajhla we;s fõ¡ fuu wjdisodhl ;;a;ajfhka uÕ yrjd" jdykh yerùfïoS ßhÿrdg myiqjla we;s lrùu i|yd fndfyda kùk jdykj, n, iydhl iqlaldkï moaO;s fhdod we;¡ n, iydhl iqlaldkï moaO;shl o" uQ,sl jYfhka idudkH iqlaldkï moaO;shl olakg ,efnk iqlaldkï BIdj" iqlaldkï .shr yd iqlaldkï o~q hkdosh we;=<;ah¡ fïjdg wu;rj ßhÿrdg iydh ùu i|yd n, is,skavrhlska (Power Cylinder) hq;a n, moaO;shlao" n, iqlaldkï moaO;shg wh;a fõ¡ jdykj, iïmSä; jd;h" úÿ,sh fyda øj mSvkh Wmfhda.S lrf.k l%shd lrk n, moaO;s olakg ,efí¡ tfy;a kùk jdykj, jeä jYfhka we;af;a øj mSvkh (Hydraulic Pressure) Wmfhda.S lr .kakd n, moaO;Ska h¡ øj mSvkh Wmfhda.S lr f.k l%shd lrk n, iydhl iqlaldkï moaO;shl n, moaO;shg wh;a m%Odk fldgia jkafka" f;,a gexlsh (Reservoir)" f;,a fmdïmh" md,k jE,ajh (Control Valve)" n, is,skavrh (Power Cylinder) yd f;,a .,d hk k< (Hoses) hs¡
14.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 14 n,
iydhl iqlaldkï moaO;shl uQ,sl ls%hdldß;ajh f;,a fmdïmh tkaðfuka osfjk máhla u.ska ls%hd lrjk w;r" tys ld¾hh jkqfha f;,a mSvkhg m;alr md,k jE,ajhg iemhSuh¡ ßhÿrd úiska iqlaldkï frdaoh wjYH osYdjg lrlejQ úg" md,k jE,ajh u.ska n, is,skavrfha kshñ; mSvk l=àrh fj; mSvkh jQ f;,a .,d hdug i,iajhs¡ jE,ajh iqlaldkï moaO;shg iïnkaO lr we;af;a ßhÿrd fhdok wdhdifha m%udKh;a" iqlaldkï frdaoh lrljk osYdj;a thg oefkk f,ih¡ fï ksid" kshñ; fõ,djg jE,ajhka weÍ fmdïmfha isg n, is,skavrhg mSvkh jQ f;,a .,d hhs¡ n, is,skavrh uQ,sl jYfhka iukaú; jkafka" is,skavrhlska yd th ;=< we;s msiagkhlsks¡ msiagkhg iïnkaO oKav" oe;s ;,õjg iú lr we;¡ fï ksid msiagkh hï osYdjlg p,s; jk úg" msiagk oKav u.ska oe;s ;,õj o tu osYdjg p,s; lrhs¡ msiagkfha fomiu mSvk l=àr (Pressure Chambers) ilia lr we;¡ fuu l=àr k< u.ska md,k jE,ajhg iïnkaO fõ¡ frdao yerùu i|yd ßhÿrd úiska iqlaldkï frdaoh lrlejQ úg md,k jE,ajh u.ska" mSvkhg m;aj we;s øjh wod< mSvk l=àrhg .,d taug i,iajk w;r wfkla l=àrh f;,a gexlshg iïnkaO lrhs¡ fuúg l=àr
15.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 15 foflys
mj;sk mSvk fjki fya;=fjka mSvkh wvq l=àrh foig msiagkh p,s; fõ¡ fï fya;=fjka msiagk oKav o p,s; ù" oe;s ;,õj ta foig p,s; lrñka frdao yrjhs¡ WodyrKhla f,i" frdao jïmig yerùu i|yd ßhÿre úiska iqlaldkï frdaoh lrlejqfõ hhs is;uq¡ fuúg md,k jE,ajh u.ska jïmi mSvk l=àrh fmdïmfhka tk ud¾.hg iïnkaO lrk w;r ol=Kqmi mSvk l=àrh f;,a gexlsfhka tk ud¾.h yd hd lrhs¡ fuúg jïmi mSvk l=àrfha mSvkh jeä jk neúka" msiagkh ol=Kq osYdjg p,s; ù frdao jïmig yrjhs¡ frdao ol=Kqmig yerùug iqlaldku ls%hdlrjQ úg" fmdïmfhka tk ud¾.h ol=Kqmi mSvk l=àrh o" gexlsfhka tk ud¾.h jïmi mSvk l=àrhg o" md,k jE,ajh u.ska iïnkaO lrhs¡ fuúg msiagkh jï osYdjg p,s; ù frdao ol=Kq osYdjg yrjhs¡ fuf,i ßhÿrd úiska jug fyda ol=Kg iqlaldkï frdaoh lrljk úg ta wkqj kshñ; l=àrhg mSvkh jQ øjh heùu md,k jE,ajh u.ska isÿ lrkq ,nhs¡ ta wkqj bosßmi frdao kshñ; osYdjg yeÍu isÿ fõ¡ n, iydhl iqlaldkï moaO;s i|yd o idudkHfhka Ndú; lrkqfha iajhxl%Sh iïfm%aIK i|yd fhdokq ,nk f;,a j¾.hu fõ¡ n, iydhl iqlaldkï moaO;shla l%shd lsÍfïoS frdao yerùu i|yd wjYH n,fhka jeä m%udKhla imhkafka n, moaO;sh u.sks¡ tfy;a hï fya;=jla ksid n, moaO;sh wl%sh jqjfyd;a" ßhÿrd úiska fhdok n,fhka muKla jqjo jdykh yerùu l< yels fõ¡ tfy;a fuu wjia:dfõoS ßhÿrd yg jeä wdhdihla fhoSug isÿ fõ¡
16.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 16 “wel¾uka
” uQ<O¾uh (Ackerman Principle) jdykhla jx.=jl Odjkh lsÍfïoS" tys ghr ,siaid hdfuka je<elaùug kï bosß frdao .uka .kakd pdmhkaf.a o" miqmi frdao .uka .kakd pdmhkaf.a o flakaø fmdÿ ,laIHhla úh hq;=h¡ w;S;fha Ndú; lrk ,o wYaj lr;a;j, fuu ;;a;ajh we;s lr .kakd ,oafoa bosß wlaI oKav (Front Axle) tys uOH ,laIHfhka új¾;kh lsÍfuks¡ tfy;a fudag¾ jdykj, oS fuf,i bosß wlaI oKav új¾;kh lsÍu m%dfhda.sl jYfhka l< fkdyels fohls¡ jdykj, bosß frdao fjk fjku yeÍug ilia lr we;af;a rc weK (King Pin) fyda .=,d uQÜgq jgdh¡ fï ksid jdykh jx.=jl Odjkfha oS fmdÿ ,laIHhla flakaø fldg we;s pdmj, frdao ish,a, Odjkh lrùu i|yd" jx.=j ;=<g we;s bosß frdaoh jx.=fjka msg;g we;s bosß frdaohg jvd iaj,am jYfhka jeäjQ fldaKhlska yeßh hq;=h¡ fuu uQ<O¾uh “wel¾uka uQ<O¾uh” f,i o" ta i|yd fhdod .kakd ieleiau “wel¾uka ieleiau” (Ackerman Layout) f,i o ye|skafõ¡ wel¾uka ieleiafïoS" iqlaldkï w;a ilia lr we;af;a tlsfklg iudka;rj fkdj jdykfha uOH f¾Ldjg (Center Line) wdk;j isák f,ih¡ tkï flá wlaI oKav (Stub Axle) yd iqlaldkï w; hd jk ,laIHh yd iqlaldkï w; yd wEªï oKav hd flfrk .=,d uQÜgqj yryd w|skq ,nk f¾Ld
17.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 17 jdyk
uOH f¾Ldj u; wdka;rhg wdikakfhka iuÉfþo jk f,ih¡ fï ksid frdao yerùfïoS" jx.=fõ we;=¿ foig we;s frdaoh msg; foig we;s frdaohg jvd jeä fldaKhlska yef¾¡ jdykh jx.=j, OdjkfhaoS we;sjk ghr we;s,a,Su wel¾uka ieleiau u.ska fndfyda ÿrg uÕ yrjd .; yels fõ¡ tfy;a fujeks ieleiauloS jqjo" kshudldrfhkau frdao ish,a,u fmdÿ flakaøhla iys; pdmj, .uka lsÍu isÿ jkqfha frdao ol=Kq osYdjg yerùfïoS tla wjia:djl yd jï osYdjg yerùfïoS tla wjia:djl mu‚¡
18.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 18 iqlaldkï
.shr fmÜáhl w¿;ajeähdjg wod< uQ,sl lreKq .shr fmÜáh fldgiaj,g .e,ùug fmr ndysrj fyd|ska fidaod msßisÿ lr .kak¡ bkamiq f;,a msrjqï wenh (Filler Plug) .,jd .shr fmÜáh ;=< we;s f;,a bj;a l< hq;=h¡ .evú,s .shrh ;sriaj isák f,i .shr fmÜáh o~q w~qjla u; iú lr me;s ljrh iú ù we;s weK .e,úh hq;=h¡ me;s ljrh iuÕu ,U ndyq BIdj .,jd bj;g .; hq;=h¡ BIdj .e,ùfïoS f;,a uqødjg fyda wfkl=;a fldgiaj,g ydks fkdjk f,ig j. n,d .; hq;=h¡ w.=¨ uqßÉÑh nqre,a lr .=,d uqßÉÑh yd fnhdßu iuÕu .evú,s tl,i bj;g .; hq;=h¡ .=,d uqßÉÑh .evú,s .shrfhka bj;g fkd.; hq;=h¡ mÍlaId lsÍug fmr ish¨ fldgia fyd|ska fidaod msßisÿ l< hq;=h¡
19.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 19
,U ndyq BIdfõ .shr oe;s f.ù" leã fyda me,S we;soehs mÍlaId l< hq;=h¡ tfukau BIdfõ odr leã fyda weoù we;soehs mÍlaId l< hq;=h¡ tfia ù we;skï w¿;a ,U ndyq BIdjla fhosh hq;=h¡ .shr ksfjiakdfõ ;;a;ajh o mÍlaId l< hq;=h¡ .=,d uqßÉÑfha .shr oe;s f.ù" leã fyda me,S we;soehs mÍlaId l< hq;=h¡ tfia ù we;akï w¿;ska fhosh hq;=h¡ .=,d uqßÉÑh .evú,s .shrh u; iqugj p,s; úh hq;=h¡ th fufia mÍlaId l< yel¡ .=,d uqßÉÑh .evú,s .shrfha tla fl<jrlg f.k tkak¡ bkamiq .evú,s .shrh l%ufhka fl<ska lrkak¡ fuúg .=,d uqßÉÑh tys nr hgf;a iqugj my<g p,s; úh hq;=h¡ tfia .=,d uqßÉÑh my<g fkdtkafka kï" .=,d uqßÉÑ .evú,s tl,i w¿;ska fhosh hq;=h¡ fnhdßï f.ù we;soehs mÍlaId l< hq;=h¡ f.ù we;akï w¿;ska fhosh hq;=h¡ f;,a uqød .e,ùula isÿ l<fyd;a tajd w¿;ska fhosh hq;=h¡ fldgia kej; tl,ia lsÍug fmr" tu fldgia .shr f;,aj,ska fyd|ska iafkaykh lsÍug j.n,d .; hq;=h¡ f;,a uqødj, “iS,ska ,smaia” (Sealing Lips) w;r .%Siaj,ska msrúh hq;=h¡ .=,d uqßÉÑ .evú,s .shr tl,i kej; ksfjiakdjg tl,ia l< hq;=h¡
20.
Steering System Upul Priyshantha 20
fgdala frkaÑhl yd iSreudre wen frkaÑh (Adjusting Plug Wrench) Ndú;fhka yd iSreudre wenh wdOdrfhka .evú,s fnhdßï fmr Ndrh (Worm Bearing Preload) ksIamdolhka ks¾foaY lr we;s m%udKhg ielish hq;=h¡ iSreudre wenh fkdlrlefjk fia w,a,d f.k w.=¨ uqßÉÑh ;o l< hq;=h¡ ,U ndyq BIdfõ fl<jr nqre, (Drop Arm Shaft End Play) iam¾Il wdudk uek n,kak¡ ks¾foaYs; m%udKhg fkdue;s kï wjYH m%udKfha isú fld< fhdod ielish hq;=h¡ ,U ndyq BId f;,a uqødj iú lrkak¡ me;s ljrh ,U ndyq BIdjg iú lrkak¡ me;s ljrh iys; ,U ndyq BIdj .Eialgh iys;j ksfjiakdjg tl,ia lr weK ;o l< hq;=h¡ .shr fmÜáh ;=<g ks¾foaYs; .shr f;,a msrúh hq;=h¡ iqlaldkï .shr fmr Ndrh (Steering Gear Total Preload) ,efnk ;=re iSreudre bial=remamqj ielish hq;=h¡
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