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Who needs giant roads? Donwgrade of big infrastructures and Ufa street network
- 1. Urban Bairam Ufa – November 20, 2015 www.mobilitythinklab.com Donwgrade of big infrastructures and Ufa street network eng. Paolo Dejana pdejana@mlab-srl.com October 28, 2013 - Russian Conference on Transport Modelling 1 eng. Luca Guala lguala@mlab-srl.com
- 2. Urban Bairam - Ufa, November 20, 2015 FOREWORD BAD HABITS MOBILITY AND ACCESSIBILITY WHICH WAY OUT? WHAT ABOUT UFA? CONCLUSIONS Source: Yandex
- 3. Urban Bairam - Ufa, November 20, 2015 In history of cities, an organized layout and a proper system of street interconnectivity, were always part of a successful urban development U.N. research: More accessible and connected cities are also the more livable, socially integrated and economically dynamic. University College London: Recent research has shown that the economic performance of urban centres is influenced by the balance between global and local connectivity – in other words by the network of spatial connections at all scales CONTEXT:
- 4. Urban Bairam - Ufa, November 20, 2015 Today, streets are usually regarded as mere links in a road network, enabling travel between two or more destinations. The streets has tended to define and use streets only through its movement function, The other functions are ignored or subverted, which are seen as “collateral” uses of the street. Streets have progressively lost their multi-functionality as public spaces NEVERTHELESS:
- 5. Urban Bairam - Ufa, November 20, 2015
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- 14. Urban Bairam - Ufa, November 20, 2015 accessibility mobility proximity connectivity The end The means
- 15. Urban Bairam - Ufa, November 20, 2015 accessibility proximity connectivity The end The means MOBILITY
- 16. Urban Bairam - Ufa, November 20, 2015 ACCESSIBILITY proximity connectivity The end The means mobility
- 17. Urban Bairam - Ufa, November 20, 2015
- 18. Urban Bairam - Ufa, November 20, 2015
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- 23. Urban Bairam - Ufa, November 20, 2015
- 24. Urban Bairam Ufa – November 20, 2015 www.mobilitythinklab.com Technical director eng. Paolo Dejana pdejana@mlab-srl.com October 28, 2013 - Russian Conference on Transport Modelling 24
Editor's Notes
- - INTRUODUCTION FOR THE AUDIENCE – In the history of cities, successful urban development has not been possible without an organized physical layout and a system of street interconnectivity within cities. Since ancient times, streets have played a critical role in cities, connecting spaces, people and goods, and thereby facilitating commerce, social interaction and mobility. Streets, plazas and designed public spaces have contributed to define the cultural, social, economic and political functions of cities. A UN research highlighted that: more accessible and connected cities are also the more livable, socially integrated and dynamic (economically). In the past, roads were spaces for a few vehicles and a lot of pedestrians, activities and interaction (DRIVER FOR ECONOMY) In the latest years streets become space for cars only. No activities, no pedestrians, no interaction anymore. Streets are usually regarded as mere links in a road network, enabling travel between two or more destinations. Ex. Saint Petersburg This presentation provide a few ideas of shifting form mobility to accessibility and few examples of intervention for renewal of streets
- These methods include: why the case study occurred, a list of questions the study answered, any graphics that illustrate the information the study’s conclusions - INTRUODUCTION FOR THE AUDIENCE – In the history of cities, successful urban development has not been possible without an organized physical layout and a system of street interconnectivity within cities. Since ancient times, streets have played a critical role in cities, connecting spaces, people and goods, and thereby facilitating commerce, social interaction and mobility. Streets, plazas and designed public spaces have contributed to define the cultural, social, economic and political functions of cities. A UN research highlighted that: more accessible and connected cities are also the more livable, socially integrated and dynamic (economically). In the past, roads were spaces for a few vehicles and a lot of pedestrians, activities and interaction (DRIVER FOR ECONOMY) In the latest years streets become space for cars only. No activities, no pedestrians, no interaction anymore. Streets are usually regarded as mere links in a road network, enabling travel between two or more destinations. Ex. Saint Petersburg This presentation provide a few ideas of shifting form mobility to accessibility and few examples of intervention for renewal of streets
- These methods include: why the case study occurred, a list of questions the study answered, any graphics that illustrate the information the study’s conclusions - INTRUODUCTION FOR THE AUDIENCE – In the history of cities, successful urban development has not been possible without an organized physical layout and a system of street interconnectivity within cities. Since ancient times, streets have played a critical role in cities, connecting spaces, people and goods, and thereby facilitating commerce, social interaction and mobility. Streets, plazas and designed public spaces have contributed to define the cultural, social, economic and political functions of cities. A UN research highlighted that: more accessible and connected cities are also the more livable, socially integrated and dynamic (economically). In the past, roads were spaces for a few vehicles and a lot of pedestrians, activities and interaction (DRIVER FOR ECONOMY) In the latest years streets become space for cars only. No activities, no pedestrians, no interaction anymore. Streets are usually regarded as mere links in a road network, enabling travel between two or more destinations. Ex. Saint Petersburg This presentation provide a few ideas of shifting form mobility to accessibility and few examples of intervention for renewal of streets
- Ufa could learn by other’s mistakes and avoid them instead of spending years and money trying to fix them, once the damage is done….. urban transport – with a focus on pollution and congestion – is a core area for advancing sustainable development These methods include: why the case study occurred, a list of questions the study answered, any graphics that illustrate the information the study’s conclusions
- - INTRUODUCTION FOR THE AUDIENCE – In the history of cities, successful urban development has not been possible without an organized physical layout and a system of street interconnectivity within cities. Since ancient times, streets have played a critical role in cities, connecting spaces, people and goods, and thereby facilitating commerce, social interaction and mobility. Streets, plazas and designed public spaces have contributed to define the cultural, social, economic and political functions of cities. A UN research highlighted that: more accessible and connected cities are also the more livable, socially integrated and dynamic (economically). In the past, roads were spaces for a few vehicles and a lot of pedestrians, activities and interaction (DRIVER FOR ECONOMY) In the latest years streets become space for cars only. No activities, no pedestrians, no interaction anymore. Streets are usually regarded as mere links in a road network, enabling travel between two or more destinations. Ex. Saint Petersburg This presentation provide a few ideas of shifting form mobility to accessibility and few examples of intervention for renewal of streets .
- - INTRUODUCTION FOR THE AUDIENCE – In the history of cities, successful urban development has not been possible without an organized physical layout and a system of street interconnectivity within cities. Since ancient times, streets have played a critical role in cities, connecting spaces, people and goods, and thereby facilitating commerce, social interaction and mobility. Streets, plazas and designed public spaces have contributed to define the cultural, social, economic and political functions of cities. A UN research highlighted that: more accessible and connected cities are also the more livable, socially integrated and dynamic (economically). In the past, roads were spaces for a few vehicles and a lot of pedestrians, activities and interaction (DRIVER FOR ECONOMY) In the latest years streets become space for cars only. No activities, no pedestrians, no interaction anymore. Streets are usually regarded as mere links in a road network, enabling travel between two or more destinations. Ex. Saint Petersburg This presentation provide a few ideas of shifting form mobility to accessibility and few examples of intervention for renewal of streets .
- - INTRUODUCTION FOR THE AUDIENCE – In the history of cities, successful urban development has not been possible without an organized physical layout and a system of street interconnectivity within cities. Since ancient times, streets have played a critical role in cities, connecting spaces, people and goods, and thereby facilitating commerce, social interaction and mobility. Streets, plazas and designed public spaces have contributed to define the cultural, social, economic and political functions of cities. A UN research highlighted that: more accessible and connected cities are also the more livable, socially integrated and dynamic (economically). In the past, roads were spaces for a few vehicles and a lot of pedestrians, activities and interaction (DRIVER FOR ECONOMY) In the latest years streets become space for cars only. No activities, no pedestrians, no interaction anymore. Streets are usually regarded as mere links in a road network, enabling travel between two or more destinations. Ex. Saint Petersburg This presentation provide a few ideas of shifting form mobility to accessibility and few examples of intervention for renewal of streets .
- - INTRUODUCTION FOR THE AUDIENCE – In the history of cities, successful urban development has not been possible without an organized physical layout and a system of street interconnectivity within cities. Since ancient times, streets have played a critical role in cities, connecting spaces, people and goods, and thereby facilitating commerce, social interaction and mobility. Streets, plazas and designed public spaces have contributed to define the cultural, social, economic and political functions of cities. A UN research highlighted that: more accessible and connected cities are also the more livable, socially integrated and dynamic (economically). In the past, roads were spaces for a few vehicles and a lot of pedestrians, activities and interaction (DRIVER FOR ECONOMY) In the latest years streets become space for cars only. No activities, no pedestrians, no interaction anymore. Streets are usually regarded as mere links in a road network, enabling travel between two or more destinations. Ex. Saint Petersburg This presentation provide a few ideas of shifting form mobility to accessibility and few examples of intervention for renewal of streets .
- - INTRUODUCTION FOR THE AUDIENCE – In the history of cities, successful urban development has not been possible without an organized physical layout and a system of street interconnectivity within cities. Since ancient times, streets have played a critical role in cities, connecting spaces, people and goods, and thereby facilitating commerce, social interaction and mobility. Streets, plazas and designed public spaces have contributed to define the cultural, social, economic and political functions of cities. A UN research highlighted that: more accessible and connected cities are also the more livable, socially integrated and dynamic (economically). In the past, roads were spaces for a few vehicles and a lot of pedestrians, activities and interaction (DRIVER FOR ECONOMY) In the latest years streets become space for cars only. No activities, no pedestrians, no interaction anymore. Streets are usually regarded as mere links in a road network, enabling travel between two or more destinations. Ex. Saint Petersburg This presentation provide a few ideas of shifting form mobility to accessibility and few examples of intervention for renewal of streets .
- - INTRUODUCTION FOR THE AUDIENCE – In the history of cities, successful urban development has not been possible without an organized physical layout and a system of street interconnectivity within cities. Since ancient times, streets have played a critical role in cities, connecting spaces, people and goods, and thereby facilitating commerce, social interaction and mobility. Streets, plazas and designed public spaces have contributed to define the cultural, social, economic and political functions of cities. A UN research highlighted that: more accessible and connected cities are also the more livable, socially integrated and dynamic (economically). In the past, roads were spaces for a few vehicles and a lot of pedestrians, activities and interaction (DRIVER FOR ECONOMY) In the latest years streets become space for cars only. No activities, no pedestrians, no interaction anymore. Streets are usually regarded as mere links in a road network, enabling travel between two or more destinations. Ex. Saint Petersburg This presentation provide a few ideas of shifting form mobility to accessibility and few examples of intervention for renewal of streets .
- Seul - Cheonggyecheon Expressway In the 1970s, the Cheonggyecheon River in Seoul, Korea, was covered and a road and elevated freeway were built above it. It was a symbol of modernization. But by the year 2000, the Cheonggye area was considered the most congested and noisy part of Seoul. - INTRUODUCTION FOR THE AUDIENCE – In the history of cities, successful urban development has not been possible without an organized physical layout and a system of street interconnectivity within cities. Since ancient times, streets have played a critical role in cities, connecting spaces, people and goods, and thereby facilitating commerce, social interaction and mobility. Streets, plazas and designed public spaces have contributed to define the cultural, social, economic and political functions of cities. A UN research highlighted that: more accessible and connected cities are also the more livable, socially integrated and dynamic (economically). In the past, roads were spaces for a few vehicles and a lot of pedestrians, activities and interaction (DRIVER FOR ECONOMY) In the latest years streets become space for cars only. No activities, no pedestrians, no interaction anymore. Streets are usually regarded as mere links in a road network, enabling travel between two or more destinations. Ex. Saint Petersburg This presentation provide a few ideas of shifting form mobility to accessibility and few examples of intervention for renewal of streets .
- - INTRUODUCTION FOR THE AUDIENCE – In the history of cities, successful urban development has not been possible without an organized physical layout and a system of street interconnectivity within cities. Since ancient times, streets have played a critical role in cities, connecting spaces, people and goods, and thereby facilitating commerce, social interaction and mobility. Streets, plazas and designed public spaces have contributed to define the cultural, social, economic and political functions of cities. A UN research highlighted that: more accessible and connected cities are also the more livable, socially integrated and dynamic (economically). In the past, roads were spaces for a few vehicles and a lot of pedestrians, activities and interaction (DRIVER FOR ECONOMY) In the latest years streets become space for cars only. No activities, no pedestrians, no interaction anymore. Streets are usually regarded as mere links in a road network, enabling travel between two or more destinations. Ex. Saint Petersburg This presentation provide a few ideas of shifting form mobility to accessibility and few examples of intervention for renewal of streets .
- The problem is only react to congestion by building more and larger roads, immediate and quite understandable reaction, but not the wisest as the weather and the experiences of others have already taught. The focus here is on the car and lose focus on accessibility. By focusing only on traffic and on congestion you lose the general view of things. The goal is always to go somewhere to do something. So the goal is accessibility of the sites. Mobility and accessibility are not antithetical, attention, but are not the same thing. And mobility is only a means to reach accessibility not the goal.
- Accessibility is the end: mobility is only one of the means to obtain it Mobility is almost never an end in itself but a means which has as end that of guaranteeing accessibility. Accessibility needs mobility, but not always and not only. Accessibility can be obtained also without mobility: Increasing «proximity» : closer opportunities will become more accessible. Increasing «connectivity»: better connected opportunities will be more accessible.
- Accessibility of a place can be improved in many ways: Bringing the places near one to another. Where to reach «opportunities», for example building shops, parks, schools, offices near places of residence (intervention on urban shape) Allowing more people to access to a place where «opportunities» exist, for example reducing the «architectural barriers» that prevent to old people to reach the shops, parks, offices, (architectural intervention) Increasing travel speed between faraway places, for example building an «urban highway» or a service of express trains (intervention on mobility) Reducing access times to a travel service, for example by increasing the frequency of buses to reduce wait times and increase the «time opportunities» (intervention on mobility) Removing or stepping over obstacles that force to long and tortuous deviations, for example building a bridge over a river, railway or highway (intervention on mobility) Implementing information services and home delivery services that make travelling not necessary: for example an internet site where to buy tickets for a show (intervention on information) Do not pursue mobility as an end in itself: there are many ways to reach accessibility
- A balance of mobility, proximity and connectivity enhance and greatly increase accessibility
- Seul - Cheonggyecheon Expressway In the 1970s, the Cheonggyecheon River in Seoul, Korea, was covered and a road and elevated freeway were built above it. It was a symbol of modernization. But by the year 2000, the Cheonggye area was considered the most congested and noisy part of Seoul. Not only has the greenway become a well-loved part of the city, it has proven to benefit the city in many different ways. The temperature of the inner city has dropped several degrees, and birds, fish and other wildlife have returned to the urban core. Also, since the freeways were removed, fewer people are driving into the city, choosing to take public transit or other options. - INTRUODUCTION FOR THE AUDIENCE – In the history of cities, successful urban development has not been possible without an organized physical layout and a system of street interconnectivity within cities. Since ancient times, streets have played a critical role in cities, connecting spaces, people and goods, and thereby facilitating commerce, social interaction and mobility. Streets, plazas and designed public spaces have contributed to define the cultural, social, economic and political functions of cities. A UN research highlighted that: more accessible and connected cities are also the more livable, socially integrated and dynamic (economically). In the past, roads were spaces for a few vehicles and a lot of pedestrians, activities and interaction (DRIVER FOR ECONOMY) In the latest years streets become space for cars only. No activities, no pedestrians, no interaction anymore. Streets are usually regarded as mere links in a road network, enabling travel between two or more destinations. Ex. Saint Petersburg This presentation provide a few ideas of shifting form mobility to accessibility and few examples of intervention for renewal of streets .
- Seul - Cheonggyecheon Expressway In the 1970s, the Cheonggyecheon River in Seoul, Korea, was covered and a road and elevated freeway were built above it. It was a symbol of modernization. But by the year 2000, the Cheonggye area was considered the most congested and noisy part of Seoul. Not only has the greenway become a well-loved part of the city, it has proven to benefit the city in many different ways. The temperature of the inner city has dropped several degrees, and birds, fish and other wildlife have returned to the urban core. Also, since the freeways were removed, fewer people are driving into the city, choosing to take public transit or other options.
- Seul - Cheonggyecheon Expressway In the 1970s, the Cheonggyecheon River in Seoul, Korea, was covered and a road and elevated freeway were built above it. It was a symbol of modernization. But by the year 2000, the Cheonggye area was considered the most congested and noisy part of Seoul. Not only has the greenway become a well-loved part of the city, it has proven to benefit the city in many different ways. The temperature of the inner city has dropped several degrees, and birds, fish and other wildlife have returned to the urban core. Also, since the freeways were removed, fewer people are driving into the city, choosing to take public transit or other options.
- Seul - Cheonggyecheon Expressway In the 1970s, the Cheonggyecheon River in Seoul, Korea, was covered and a road and elevated freeway were built above it. It was a symbol of modernization. But by the year 2000, the Cheonggye area was considered the most congested and noisy part of Seoul. Not only has the greenway become a well-loved part of the city, it has proven to benefit the city in many different ways. The temperature of the inner city has dropped several degrees, and birds, fish and other wildlife have returned to the urban core. Also, since the freeways were removed, fewer people are driving into the city, choosing to take public transit or other options.
- Will Ufa benefit from great transport infrastructures? They will improve long range mobility (connecting faraway districts of the city) They will improve cross-city connectivity (crossing the peninsula from one side to the other) However they will also cost in several ways: Very high construction cost and building time Great occupation of public land, possibly requiring demolishing of existing buildings; The land occupied by the roads and junctions cannot be used for anything else! Great “urban severance” and disruption of urban continuity: while great transport infrastructures connect faraway locations along their path, they separate nearby locations across their path, Pollution, noise, visual impact, and general loss of quality and value of the land around them for hundreds of meters of distance Near a large transport infrastructure, the land and property not served by it, suffers a dramatic loss of value, They promote car traffic, by making the city less serviceable with public transport and walking They promote “urban sprawl” by making it easier to reach faraway settlements, and more difficult to reach local suburbs
- Where to invest? Invest in ACCESSIBILITY before spending money in MOBILITY Accessibility improves the connections in a dense and continuous urban area Mobility improves the connections over long distances, promoting a sparse, disconnected urban shape Invest in local connectivity: Pave local streets Connect districts directly with neighboring districts via inter-district collector streets, and not only with long-range urban arterials Rationalize the hierarchy and hierarchical connections of streets and roads so as to specialize the use of streets and roads All these interventions, may make the great transport infrastructures unnecessary, provide a better connectivity and cost less than them
- History as well as modern research and observations, proved that the most accessible city, well connected, are also those with the best quality of life with the higher social inclusion and those more economically dynamic. While up to now, most of the big cities has grown treating the streets just as links from one place to another, instead of places where the city are alive and "lives". But finally, many of them had to change their mind and hardly try to recover the lost space. retrieving it from the cars and giving it back to the citizens The roads and streets network of Ufa has big room for improvement without focusing on large infrastructure. The other way around, this improvement could be reached by optimizing and improving the existing and increasing accessibility.
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