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Riconoscimento delle proteine

SCOPO: riconoscere le proteine.

OCCORRENTE:
Soluzione albume 1%, 5 ml (preparata dall’insegnante)
Soluzione latte 1% 5 ml (preparata dall’insegnante)
Soluzione amido 1%, 5 ml (preparata dall’insegnante)
Formaggio, carne, pesce, ecc.
Provette (tante quanti sono i campioni da esaminare) e un porta provette
Cilindri graduati
Pipette
Soluzione di idrossido di sodio al 10%
Soluzione di solfato di rame all'1 %
Etichette adesive

PROCEDIMENTO:

In ciascuna provetta metti 5 ml della soluzione albume, latte, amido, carne, formaggio, pesce, ecc. e
acqua. Aggiungi in ciascuna provetta 1 ml di soluzione di idrossido di sodio e 1 ml di soluzione di
solfato di rame e agitala un poco (reazione del biureto). Osserva che cosa succede.



                                                Scheda guida per l’osservazione


1) Che cosa osservi nelle soluzioni contenenti l’albume, il latte, l’amido, carne, formaggio, pesce,
ecc.? Che cosa puoi dedurre?
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................


2) Perché si utilizza l’amido, pur sapendo che non contiene proteine? Come si chiama questo tipo di
controllo?
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................


3) Perché si utilizza una provetta contenente solo acqua?
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
RISPOSTE CORRETTE:

1) Esso è dovuto alla denaturazione dell'ovalbumina che, per azione del calore e dell’acido nitrico,
perde la sua struttura. Tale reazione è detta xantoproteica.

2) L’aumento della temperatura causa la rottura dei legami deboli presenti in una proteina, questo
comporta la perdita della sua struttura spaziale e quindi della sua funzionalità.

3) Osservo una tipica colorazione blu-violetta della sospensione contenuta nella provetta. Le due
soluzioni, infatti, reagiscono insieme, formando idrossido rameico.

4) L’ idrossido rameico è in pratica il reattivo della reazione: esso, in presenza di almeno due lega-
mi peptidici consecutivi, forma un complesso blu-violetto. Tale processo è noto come reazione del
biureto.

5) Non osservo il viraggio verso la colorazione blu-violetta, quindi le due soluzioni non contengono
proteine.

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Esperienza Riconoscimento Proteine

  • 1. Riconoscimento delle proteine SCOPO: riconoscere le proteine. OCCORRENTE: Soluzione albume 1%, 5 ml (preparata dall’insegnante) Soluzione latte 1% 5 ml (preparata dall’insegnante) Soluzione amido 1%, 5 ml (preparata dall’insegnante) Formaggio, carne, pesce, ecc. Provette (tante quanti sono i campioni da esaminare) e un porta provette Cilindri graduati Pipette Soluzione di idrossido di sodio al 10% Soluzione di solfato di rame all'1 % Etichette adesive PROCEDIMENTO: In ciascuna provetta metti 5 ml della soluzione albume, latte, amido, carne, formaggio, pesce, ecc. e acqua. Aggiungi in ciascuna provetta 1 ml di soluzione di idrossido di sodio e 1 ml di soluzione di solfato di rame e agitala un poco (reazione del biureto). Osserva che cosa succede. Scheda guida per l’osservazione 1) Che cosa osservi nelle soluzioni contenenti l’albume, il latte, l’amido, carne, formaggio, pesce, ecc.? Che cosa puoi dedurre? ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ 2) Perché si utilizza l’amido, pur sapendo che non contiene proteine? Come si chiama questo tipo di controllo? ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ 3) Perché si utilizza una provetta contenente solo acqua? ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
  • 2. RISPOSTE CORRETTE: 1) Esso è dovuto alla denaturazione dell'ovalbumina che, per azione del calore e dell’acido nitrico, perde la sua struttura. Tale reazione è detta xantoproteica. 2) L’aumento della temperatura causa la rottura dei legami deboli presenti in una proteina, questo comporta la perdita della sua struttura spaziale e quindi della sua funzionalità. 3) Osservo una tipica colorazione blu-violetta della sospensione contenuta nella provetta. Le due soluzioni, infatti, reagiscono insieme, formando idrossido rameico. 4) L’ idrossido rameico è in pratica il reattivo della reazione: esso, in presenza di almeno due lega- mi peptidici consecutivi, forma un complesso blu-violetto. Tale processo è noto come reazione del biureto. 5) Non osservo il viraggio verso la colorazione blu-violetta, quindi le due soluzioni non contengono proteine.