SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 6
Refractive Errors :

Myopia

Hyperopia

Astigmatism

Presbyopia
Maintained by Visual Aids Centre Owner: Vipin Buckshey
Myopia

Nearsightedness, or myopia, is the most common
refractive error of the eye, and it has become more
prevalent in recent years

Myopia occurs when the eyeball is too long, relative to
the focusing power of the cornea and lens of the eye.

Nearsightednessalso can be caused by the cornea
and/or lens being too curved for the length of the eyeball.

Nearsightedness can be corrected with glasses, contact
lenses or refractive surgery
Maintained by Visual Aids Centre Owner: Vipin Buckshey
Hyperopia

Farsightedness, or hyperopia, as it is medically termed,
is a vision condition in which distant objects are usually
seen clearly, but close ones do not come into proper
focus.

Farsightedness occurs if your eyeball is too short or the
cornea has too little curvature, so light entering your eye
is not focused correctly.

Common signs of farsightedness include difficulty in
concentrating and maintaining a clear focus on near
objects, eye strain, fatigue and/or headaches after close
work, aching or burning eyes, irritability or nervousness
after sustained concentration.
Maintained by Visual Aids Centre Owner: Vipin Buckshey
Astigmatism

Astigmatism is a common eye condition that's usually
corrected by eyeglasses, contact lenses, or surgery

Astigmatism is caused by an eye that is not completely
round and occurs in nearly everybody to some degree. For
vision problems due to astigmatism, glasses, contact
lenses, and even vision correction procedures are all
possible treatment options.

Astigmatism is a natural and commonly occurring cause of
blurred or distorted vision that is usually associated with an
imperfectly shaped cornea. The exact cause in not known.
Maintained by Visual Aids Centre Owner: Vipin Buckshey
Presbyopia

Presbyopia is caused by an age-related process. This
differs from astigmatism, nearsightedness and
farsightedness, which are related to the shape of the
eyeballand are caused by genetic and environmental
factors.

Presbyopia generally is believed to stem from a gradual
thickening and loss of flexibility of the natural lens inside
your eye.

These age-related changes occur within the proteins in
the lens, making the lens harder and less elastic over
time.

Eyeglasses with bifocal or progressive addition lenses
(PALs) are the most common correction for presbyopia.
Maintained by Visual Aids Centre Owner: Vipin Buckshey
Presbyopia

Presbyopia is caused by an age-related process. This
differs from astigmatism, nearsightedness and
farsightedness, which are related to the shape of the
eyeballand are caused by genetic and environmental
factors.

Presbyopia generally is believed to stem from a gradual
thickening and loss of flexibility of the natural lens inside
your eye.

These age-related changes occur within the proteins in
the lens, making the lens harder and less elastic over
time.

Eyeglasses with bifocal or progressive addition lenses
(PALs) are the most common correction for presbyopia.
Maintained by Visual Aids Centre Owner: Vipin Buckshey

More Related Content

Viewers also liked

Conjunctiva anatomy and physiology
Conjunctiva anatomy and physiologyConjunctiva anatomy and physiology
Conjunctiva anatomy and physiologyPranay Shinde
 
Retinitis pigmentosa
Retinitis pigmentosaRetinitis pigmentosa
Retinitis pigmentosaKenny Correa
 
Fatima refractive surgery lecture
Fatima refractive surgery lectureFatima refractive surgery lecture
Fatima refractive surgery lecturespecialclass
 
Retinitis pigmentosa
Retinitis pigmentosaRetinitis pigmentosa
Retinitis pigmentosaMariam kashif
 
Refractive errors of eye ophthalmology astigmatism hypermetropia myopia medic...
Refractive errors of eye ophthalmology astigmatism hypermetropia myopia medic...Refractive errors of eye ophthalmology astigmatism hypermetropia myopia medic...
Refractive errors of eye ophthalmology astigmatism hypermetropia myopia medic...TONY SCARIA
 
ST Segment Elevations in ECG
ST Segment Elevations in ECGST Segment Elevations in ECG
ST Segment Elevations in ECGChew Keng Sheng
 
Cataract
CataractCataract
Cataractkleow0
 
Diseases of conjunctiva ppt ophthalmology
Diseases of conjunctiva ppt ophthalmologyDiseases of conjunctiva ppt ophthalmology
Diseases of conjunctiva ppt ophthalmologyTONY SCARIA
 
Media music magazine photos mary keren
Media music magazine photos mary kerenMedia music magazine photos mary keren
Media music magazine photos mary kerenbeckybbb
 

Viewers also liked (13)

Cataracts
CataractsCataracts
Cataracts
 
RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA
RETINITIS PIGMENTOSARETINITIS PIGMENTOSA
RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA
 
Cataracts
CataractsCataracts
Cataracts
 
Conjunctiva anatomy and physiology
Conjunctiva anatomy and physiologyConjunctiva anatomy and physiology
Conjunctiva anatomy and physiology
 
Retinitis pigmentosa
Retinitis pigmentosaRetinitis pigmentosa
Retinitis pigmentosa
 
Fatima refractive surgery lecture
Fatima refractive surgery lectureFatima refractive surgery lecture
Fatima refractive surgery lecture
 
Anatomy of conjunctiva
Anatomy of conjunctivaAnatomy of conjunctiva
Anatomy of conjunctiva
 
Retinitis pigmentosa
Retinitis pigmentosaRetinitis pigmentosa
Retinitis pigmentosa
 
Refractive errors of eye ophthalmology astigmatism hypermetropia myopia medic...
Refractive errors of eye ophthalmology astigmatism hypermetropia myopia medic...Refractive errors of eye ophthalmology astigmatism hypermetropia myopia medic...
Refractive errors of eye ophthalmology astigmatism hypermetropia myopia medic...
 
ST Segment Elevations in ECG
ST Segment Elevations in ECGST Segment Elevations in ECG
ST Segment Elevations in ECG
 
Cataract
CataractCataract
Cataract
 
Diseases of conjunctiva ppt ophthalmology
Diseases of conjunctiva ppt ophthalmologyDiseases of conjunctiva ppt ophthalmology
Diseases of conjunctiva ppt ophthalmology
 
Media music magazine photos mary keren
Media music magazine photos mary kerenMedia music magazine photos mary keren
Media music magazine photos mary keren
 

Recently uploaded

Kolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Kolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call NowKolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Kolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call NowNehru place Escorts
 
Aspirin presentation slides by Dr. Rewas Ali
Aspirin presentation slides by Dr. Rewas AliAspirin presentation slides by Dr. Rewas Ali
Aspirin presentation slides by Dr. Rewas AliRewAs ALI
 
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original PhotosCall Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photosnarwatsonia7
 
Call Girl Lucknow Mallika 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknow
Call Girl Lucknow Mallika 7001305949 Independent Escort Service LucknowCall Girl Lucknow Mallika 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknow
Call Girl Lucknow Mallika 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknownarwatsonia7
 
Call Girls Frazer Town Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...
Call Girls Frazer Town Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...Call Girls Frazer Town Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...
Call Girls Frazer Town Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...narwatsonia7
 
College Call Girls Vyasarpadi Whatsapp 7001305949 Independent Escort Service
College Call Girls Vyasarpadi Whatsapp 7001305949 Independent Escort ServiceCollege Call Girls Vyasarpadi Whatsapp 7001305949 Independent Escort Service
College Call Girls Vyasarpadi Whatsapp 7001305949 Independent Escort ServiceNehru place Escorts
 
Low Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service Mumbai
Low Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service MumbaiLow Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service Mumbai
Low Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service Mumbaisonalikaur4
 
Call Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Availablenarwatsonia7
 
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Availablenarwatsonia7
 
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.MiadAlsulami
 
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...narwatsonia7
 
Housewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Housewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment BookingHousewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Housewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Bookingnarwatsonia7
 
Call Girls Service Chennai Jiya 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Chennai
Call Girls Service Chennai Jiya 7001305949 Independent Escort Service ChennaiCall Girls Service Chennai Jiya 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Chennai
Call Girls Service Chennai Jiya 7001305949 Independent Escort Service ChennaiNehru place Escorts
 
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service BangaloreCall Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalorenarwatsonia7
 
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipur
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service JaipurHigh Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipur
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipurparulsinha
 
Call Girls Jayanagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Jayanagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Jayanagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Jayanagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Availablenarwatsonia7
 
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbers
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbersBook Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbers
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbersnarwatsonia7
 
call girls in Connaught Place DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service ...
call girls in Connaught Place  DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service ...call girls in Connaught Place  DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service ...
call girls in Connaught Place DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service ...saminamagar
 
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...narwatsonia7
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Kolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Kolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call NowKolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Kolkata Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
 
Aspirin presentation slides by Dr. Rewas Ali
Aspirin presentation slides by Dr. Rewas AliAspirin presentation slides by Dr. Rewas Ali
Aspirin presentation slides by Dr. Rewas Ali
 
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original PhotosCall Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
 
Call Girl Lucknow Mallika 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknow
Call Girl Lucknow Mallika 7001305949 Independent Escort Service LucknowCall Girl Lucknow Mallika 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknow
Call Girl Lucknow Mallika 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknow
 
Call Girls Frazer Town Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...
Call Girls Frazer Town Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...Call Girls Frazer Town Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...
Call Girls Frazer Town Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...
 
College Call Girls Vyasarpadi Whatsapp 7001305949 Independent Escort Service
College Call Girls Vyasarpadi Whatsapp 7001305949 Independent Escort ServiceCollege Call Girls Vyasarpadi Whatsapp 7001305949 Independent Escort Service
College Call Girls Vyasarpadi Whatsapp 7001305949 Independent Escort Service
 
Low Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service Mumbai
Low Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service MumbaiLow Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service Mumbai
Low Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service Mumbai
 
Call Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
 
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
 
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.
 
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
 
Housewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Housewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment BookingHousewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Housewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
 
Escort Service Call Girls In Sarita Vihar,, 99530°56974 Delhi NCR
Escort Service Call Girls In Sarita Vihar,, 99530°56974 Delhi NCREscort Service Call Girls In Sarita Vihar,, 99530°56974 Delhi NCR
Escort Service Call Girls In Sarita Vihar,, 99530°56974 Delhi NCR
 
Call Girls Service Chennai Jiya 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Chennai
Call Girls Service Chennai Jiya 7001305949 Independent Escort Service ChennaiCall Girls Service Chennai Jiya 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Chennai
Call Girls Service Chennai Jiya 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Chennai
 
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service BangaloreCall Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
 
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipur
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service JaipurHigh Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipur
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipur
 
Call Girls Jayanagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Jayanagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Jayanagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Jayanagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
 
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbers
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbersBook Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbers
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbers
 
call girls in Connaught Place DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service ...
call girls in Connaught Place  DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service ...call girls in Connaught Place  DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service ...
call girls in Connaught Place DELHI 🔝 >༒9540349809 🔝 genuine Escort Service ...
 
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
 

Refractive Errors and its reviews by Vipin Buckshey at Visual Aids Centre

  • 2. Myopia  Nearsightedness, or myopia, is the most common refractive error of the eye, and it has become more prevalent in recent years  Myopia occurs when the eyeball is too long, relative to the focusing power of the cornea and lens of the eye.  Nearsightednessalso can be caused by the cornea and/or lens being too curved for the length of the eyeball.  Nearsightedness can be corrected with glasses, contact lenses or refractive surgery Maintained by Visual Aids Centre Owner: Vipin Buckshey
  • 3. Hyperopia  Farsightedness, or hyperopia, as it is medically termed, is a vision condition in which distant objects are usually seen clearly, but close ones do not come into proper focus.  Farsightedness occurs if your eyeball is too short or the cornea has too little curvature, so light entering your eye is not focused correctly.  Common signs of farsightedness include difficulty in concentrating and maintaining a clear focus on near objects, eye strain, fatigue and/or headaches after close work, aching or burning eyes, irritability or nervousness after sustained concentration. Maintained by Visual Aids Centre Owner: Vipin Buckshey
  • 4. Astigmatism  Astigmatism is a common eye condition that's usually corrected by eyeglasses, contact lenses, or surgery  Astigmatism is caused by an eye that is not completely round and occurs in nearly everybody to some degree. For vision problems due to astigmatism, glasses, contact lenses, and even vision correction procedures are all possible treatment options.  Astigmatism is a natural and commonly occurring cause of blurred or distorted vision that is usually associated with an imperfectly shaped cornea. The exact cause in not known. Maintained by Visual Aids Centre Owner: Vipin Buckshey
  • 5. Presbyopia  Presbyopia is caused by an age-related process. This differs from astigmatism, nearsightedness and farsightedness, which are related to the shape of the eyeballand are caused by genetic and environmental factors.  Presbyopia generally is believed to stem from a gradual thickening and loss of flexibility of the natural lens inside your eye.  These age-related changes occur within the proteins in the lens, making the lens harder and less elastic over time.  Eyeglasses with bifocal or progressive addition lenses (PALs) are the most common correction for presbyopia. Maintained by Visual Aids Centre Owner: Vipin Buckshey
  • 6. Presbyopia  Presbyopia is caused by an age-related process. This differs from astigmatism, nearsightedness and farsightedness, which are related to the shape of the eyeballand are caused by genetic and environmental factors.  Presbyopia generally is believed to stem from a gradual thickening and loss of flexibility of the natural lens inside your eye.  These age-related changes occur within the proteins in the lens, making the lens harder and less elastic over time.  Eyeglasses with bifocal or progressive addition lenses (PALs) are the most common correction for presbyopia. Maintained by Visual Aids Centre Owner: Vipin Buckshey