2. PROJECT
Total area earmarked for airport development is
2054 Ha. consisting of 1615 Ha. as airport zone
and remaining for off-site infrastructure, such as;
diversion & training of rivers, approach road,
railways, interchanges and utility lines, etc.
The entire area of the airport zone falls in Raigad
District in Panvel & Uran Tahasil covering its 16
villages.
3. Selection of Alternative Sites
The analysis of alternative sites is done based on
following two methods.
1) SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity &
Threat) Analysis
2) Site Sensitivity Analysis
The
overall score is worked out on the basis of site
sensitivity index for different parameters and
integration of total impact is worked out &
categorized as below-
4. Categorisation Criteria
Overall scale Level of Environmental Impact
750-1000
Very high
600-750
High
450-600
Moderate
300-450
Low
Less than 300
Very low
After comparison the scores were added.
The Rewas-Mandwa score is 773.95.(Environmental
Impact is Very High).
Navi Mumbai score is 498.69. (Environmental Impact
is Moderate).
5.
6.
7. Study Area
The study area around airport falling within the
radius of 10Kms. The study area is further
extended upto 20 km. as fringe area.
The core area covers the area within the radius of
10km, in which all the scoped environmental
parameters is studied to understand the
magnitude of impact.
In the remaining area i.e. fringe area places of
historical
importance,
aesthetic,
cultural
including environmentally sensitive area is
studied.
9. Impact Identification
To help in / ease the impact evaluation process,
the various activities of the NMIA which can have
an impact on environment have been classified
into four stages namely:
I. NMIA location
II. NMIA project design
III. NMIA construction phase
IV. NMIA operation phase
10. 1.1 NMIA Location : Activity, Impact &
Mitigation
1.1.1 Activity
Removal of Mangroves & Biodiversity
1.1.2 Impacts
With the project intervention, these mangroves (though in
degraded form) will be totally lost forever. A total of
161.5 Ha of mangroves will be lost due to the project.
1.1.3 Mitigation
CIDCO has planned to take up approx. 350 Ha. of plantation
of mangroves against 161.5 Ha. loss.
11. 1.2 NMIA Location : Activities, Impact & Mitigation
1.2.1 Activity
Tree Clearance
1.2.2 Impact
There is no forest in the project site area, though there are naturally
growing trees/plants/vegetation in the area. Most of the vegetation of
trees in and around the villages are planted fruiting trees like mango,
jamun, jackfruit, guava, custard apple etc. and the wood yielding trees
like teak, etc. The ornamental trees, bamboos and palms also have
been planted and/or maintained by the villagers.
This project will result in loss of all vegetation in the project site.
12. 1.2 NMIA Location : Activities, Impact & Mitigation
1.2.3 Mitigation
With respect to the trees from the displaced villages,
CIDCO will take up the task of replanting the trees in their
areas where they are carrying out developmental
activities or along the highways.
13. 1.3 NMIA Location : Activities, Impact
& Mitigation
1.3.1 Activity
Roads and Infrastructure
1.3.2 Impacts
The over concretization resulting in increase in
temperature during the day time and summer time along
the roads.
Diversion of agricultural land leading to issues of land use
change and food security.
14. 1.3 NMIA Location : Activities, Impact &
Mitigation
1.3.3 Mitigation
Compensatory vegetation and plantation programme will be
undertaken within the airport area in the mandatory space.
The entire plantation undertaken will be non-fruit bearing so as
to reduce any bird mishaps during the operation phase.
15. 1.4 NMIA Location : Activities, Impact
& Mitigation
1.4.1 Activity
Railways Infrastructure
1.4.2 Impacts
The loss of mangroves & vegetation.
Diversion of agricultural land leading to issues of land use
change and food security.
16. 1.5 NMIA Location : Activity, Impact &
Mitigation
1.5.1 Activity
Rehabilitation of the displaced villagers
1.5.2 Impacts
Ten settlements belonging to seven villages are required to be resettled
away from the project site. Approx 15000 people will be affected due to
the project.
Development of basic infrastructure such as water supply, electricity,
sewerage, roads, social infrastructure etc. shall be required.
1.5.3 Mitigation
Land will be provided to displaced villagers.
CIDCO has assumed a proactive role towards the mitigation of the social
impacts by the rehabilitation.
17. 1.6 NMIA Location : Activity, Impact &
Mitigation
1.6.1 Activity
Archeological / Cultural / Historic Sites
1.6.2 Impacts
The fringe area study falling between 10 to 20 km. radius,
revealed that there are 3 places of historic importance, aesthetic,
cultural including sensitive area namely the Elephanta Caves,
Karnala Bird Sanctuary and Matheran Eco-sensitive Zone.
18. 1.6 NMIA Location : Activity, Impact &
Mitigation
1.6.3
Mitigation
The Elephanta Caves is about 13.5 km from site. The position of aircraft during
takeoff/landing/missed approach, would be more than 700 m.
The Karnala Bird sanctuary is about 12.5 km from site. The position of
aircraft during takeoff/landing/missed approach, would be more than 750
m.
The Karnala Bird sanctuary is about 11 km from site. The position of
aircraft during takeoff/landing/missed approach, would be more than 500
m.
During operation phase, proper flight directions can be provided so as to
avoid flying over any of these sites.
19. 1.7 NMIA Location : Activity, Impact &
Mitigation
1.7.1 Activity
Residential Facilities
1.7.2 Impacts
300 Ha. Area is required for the housing needs of workers.
This housing needs to be supported by all the requisite
social and cultural facilities.
Additional load on water and energy would have to be
met.
20. 2.1 NMIA Project Design – Activity,
Impact & Mitigation
2.1.1 Activity
Training of Gadhi River, Diversion of Ulve River
2.1.2 Impacts
The impacts of channelization on the aquatic community
mainly arise due to channel excavation, dredging, clearing and
removal of vegetation.
Siltation affects aquatic vegetation by increasing the turbidity
of water.
Loss and reduction in the number of organisms.
21. 2.1 NMIA Project Design – Activity, Impact &
Mitigation
2.1.3 Mitigation
The channelization activities are designed to keep flow
characteristics as close to natural flow.
In order to minimize the above impacts of
dredging/channelization, proper route alignment will be
selected and the dredging and excavation will be done in
stages maintaining the water flow. This operation will result
in minimum impact on siltation/turbidity on aquatic
community.
Contamination of estuarine body would occur mostly during
the construction phase due to resuspension of sediments or
dust from construction site, both of which are temporary.
22. 2.2 NMIA Project Design – Activity,
Impact & Mitigation
2.2.1 Activity
Hill Cutting (Quarrying / Blasting)
2.2.2 Impacts
Generation of heavy quantity of dust which raises the SPM
levels in the vicinity.
Noise levels also will increase occasionally. Houses around the
site (if any) may feel the intense acoustic waves.
Affects aquatic vegetation by increasing the turbidity of water.
Loss and reduction in the number of organisms.
23. 2.2.3 Mitigation
The excavated material/construction debris would be used for land
development of marshy land in the project site area. This would result in
change of land use pattern apart from the dust generated and increased
noise & air pollution (SPM levels) in the vicinity.
Hi-tech equipment will be used for controlled blasting excavation and
hauling of materials which will generate minimal noise as well as dust. This
aspect will be covered as a tender condition.
Best engineering practices and modern technologies producing minimum
noise would be maintained during the blasting.
Blasting should be well planned with large numbers being fired infrequently
than a few blasts daily.
No blasting will be carried out at night.
Before controlled blasting, the surrounding villages will be alerted and the
villagers and domestic animals will be offered safe place away from the
project site.
24. 2.3 NMIA Project Design – Activity,
Impact & Mitigation
2.3.1 Activity
Shifting of Extra
undergrounding
High
Tension
(EHT)
Line
by
2.3.2 Impacts
There are 4 Extra High Tension Lines existing in the Airport
Operational Area and in the surroundings which are
required to be rerouted either over-head or underground
by cables.
25. 2.4 NMIA Project Design – Activity,
Impact & Mitigation
2.4.1
Activity
Reclamation of marshy lands (For a safe grade level varying from RL
7.0 to RL 8.5. by cutting of hills and reclaiming the land.)
2.4.2
Impacts
Creek recoursing would take place on existing land cover.
The studies indicate marginal rise in the water levels in the Panvel
creek reach along the proposed airport boundary.
Along the Ulwe creek however, the rise in the water levels will be
slightly over 1.5 m due to recourse channel along the longer route
with flatter slope.
26. 3.1 NMIA Construction Phase – Activity,
Impact, & Mitigation
3.1.1 Activity
Employment, Migration and Settlement
3.1.2 Impacts
Due to migratory workers lot of stress in the area surrounding the
project in terms of water requirement, power, increased
ecological footprint, increased requirement for health and
educational facilities and changes in the land use pattern and
local culture.
27. 3.2 NMIA Construction Phase – Activity,
Impact & Mitigation
3.2.1 Activity
Siting of construction camp for construction
3.2.2 Impacts
Lack of Sewerage and Sewage Treatment Facilities could lead to
water pollution
Misuse of local ecological resources like forests for firewood which would
result in destruction of vegetation in the surrounding area,
Improper handling of solid waste generated could lead to unhygienic
condition.
Use of biomass fuel for cooking would lead to indoor air pollution in the
camp and fire hazard.
28. 3.2.3 Mitigation
Safe and secure construction camp area will be provided for the
migrant laborers during the construction period. At the camp
site, the contractors will be directed to make adequate
arrangements for water supply, sanitation and cooking fuels to
the laborers.
The construction site will be provided with sufficient and suitable
toilet facilities for workers to allow proper standards of hygiene.
Adequate firefighting arrangement would be maintained by the
contractor during the construction phase
During the operation phase, high level of fire – fighting
equipments with adequate water and foam facility would be
maintained as per the stipulated ICAO standards.
29. 3.3 NMIA Construction Phase – Activity,
Impact & Mitigation
3.3.1 Activity
Construction Activity
3.3.2 Impacts
loading/unloading of different materials and its transportation
particularly through the unpaved sections may result in spillage of
material/oil and hence contaminates the soil and groundwater and also
raise the ambient SPM levels.
Noise Pollution
3.3.3 Mitigation
A thick green belt should be planned all around the project site to
mitigate noise and vibrations to the nearby settlements. The
identification of species/plants should be made based on the botanical
studies.
30. 3.4 NMIA Construction Phase – Activity,
Impact & Mitigation
3.4.1 Activity
Safety of Workers
3.4.2 Impacts
Wide level of hazards arising due to the blasting activity,
reclaiming activity, construction of various components of
the project. Use of heavy equipment, high levels of dust
and noise aggravate the issues of health and safety of the
workers.
31. 4.1 NMIA Operation Phase – Activity,
Impact & Mitigation
4.1.1 Activity
Operation of Airport
4.1.2 Impact
Emissions from Aircrafts
Noise from Aircrafts
4.1.3 Mitigation
Natural and artificial noise barriers may be considered for
critical locations.
Emissions from aircrafts are under the limit.
32. 4.2 NMIA Operation Phase – Activity,
Impact & Mitigation
4.2.1 Activity
Surface Traffic
4.2.2 Impact
The emission from surface traffic.(Within the prescribed limit)
Surface traffic noise exceeds the prescribed limit
4.2.3 Mitigation
Aerobridges would be used for passenger transportation.
However surface transport for other ground services would still
happen with use of fuel efficient vehicles.
33. 4.3 NMIA Operation Phase – Activity,
Impact & Mitigation
4.3.1 Activity
Employment, Migration & Settlement
4.3.2 Impact
Migration into the surrounding area would be permanent nature. This
would lead to a lot of stress in the area surrounding the project in
terms of water requirement, power, increased ecological footprint,
increased requirement for health and educational facilities and
changes in the land use pattern and local culture.
4.3.3 Mitigation
As CIDCO has been carrying out developmental activities in the
surrounding area, it is quite competent to absorb the load arising out
of such an activity.
34. POSITIVE IMPACTS
Project will facilitate the fast movement of men and materials,
thereby fostering trade and commerce.
Supports employment generation. Around 11 lakh direct jobs and
4 lakhs indirect jobs due to this project.
Pressure on other airport at Shantacruz will be eased.
Offers increased accessibility, which in turn fuels the tourism
sector which causes more money flows into the local economy.
Raising the standard of living of people in the region, having a
positive impact on National economy.
It will handle 60 million passenger per year.
