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Ecological Succession
Stability vs Change
• Stability = the tendency
of a community to
maintain relatively
constant conditions.
• More stable
communities = better
able to resist changes
• Disturbances = events
that change
communities
• Can be abiotic or biotic
– Remove or destroy
organisms
– Alter resource
availability
– Habitat destruction
Community Change
Ecological succession - gradual
replacement of one kind of community
of organisms by another over time
Initiated by disturbance
Ecological Succession: Communities in
Transition - Type #1
Primary succession
- begins with barren area, no soil
Ecological Succession: Communities in
Transition - Type #1
Slow soil development by weathering,
activities of tolerant species
- pioneer species
Ecological Succession: Communities in
Transition - Type #1
Gradual changeover to less tolerant
species over long periods of time
- equilibrium or successional species
Primary Succession
Ecological Succession: Communities in
Transition - Type #2
Secondary succession
- begins with soil already in place
Ecological Succession: Communities in
Transition - Type #2
Rapid changeover to less tolerant
species over shorter periods of time
- rapid because soil already present
Secondary Succession
Succession and Wildlife
The End Product
If undisturbed, communities change
toward a relatively stable stage
- climax community
- long-term presence if not disturbed
- dominated by less-tolerant species
- general equilibrium
SUCCESSION SUMMARY
Succession: the gradual regrowth of species in an area
2 Types:
 1) Primary Succession: in an area that has not previously
supported life
 2) Secondary Succession: follows a disruption of an existing
community
 i.e. flood, fire, etc.
Pioneer Species: the first species to colonize a new habitat
Climax Community: the end result of succession which
remains constant over time
-The “Biome”

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Ecological succession

  • 2. Stability vs Change • Stability = the tendency of a community to maintain relatively constant conditions. • More stable communities = better able to resist changes • Disturbances = events that change communities • Can be abiotic or biotic – Remove or destroy organisms – Alter resource availability – Habitat destruction
  • 3. Community Change Ecological succession - gradual replacement of one kind of community of organisms by another over time Initiated by disturbance
  • 4. Ecological Succession: Communities in Transition - Type #1 Primary succession - begins with barren area, no soil
  • 5. Ecological Succession: Communities in Transition - Type #1 Slow soil development by weathering, activities of tolerant species - pioneer species
  • 6. Ecological Succession: Communities in Transition - Type #1 Gradual changeover to less tolerant species over long periods of time - equilibrium or successional species
  • 8. Ecological Succession: Communities in Transition - Type #2 Secondary succession - begins with soil already in place
  • 9. Ecological Succession: Communities in Transition - Type #2 Rapid changeover to less tolerant species over shorter periods of time - rapid because soil already present
  • 12. The End Product If undisturbed, communities change toward a relatively stable stage - climax community - long-term presence if not disturbed - dominated by less-tolerant species - general equilibrium
  • 13. SUCCESSION SUMMARY Succession: the gradual regrowth of species in an area 2 Types:  1) Primary Succession: in an area that has not previously supported life  2) Secondary Succession: follows a disruption of an existing community  i.e. flood, fire, etc. Pioneer Species: the first species to colonize a new habitat Climax Community: the end result of succession which remains constant over time -The “Biome”