Difference between code, standard & Specification. what is code & standard?

1. Code,
Standard &
Specification

2. What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
•Standard
−A standard can be defined as a set of
technical definitions and guidelines-“how
to" instructions for designers and
manufacturers.
−They serve as a common language,
defining quality and establishing safety
criteria.
−Examples- ASTM standard, ISO standard.

3. What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
•Why Standard is required ?
−Standards are documents that establish
engineering or technical requirements
for products, practices, methods or
operations.
−Build confidence about quality in users
−Lower the cost of production as
requirements are standardize

4. What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
•Code: A code is a standard that has
been adopted by one or more
governmental bodies and has the
force of law, or when it has been
incorporated into a business
contract

5. What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
• Only if Regulatory body in your Country
has adopted said Code as law
• If not, Code will server as generally
accepted guidelines for design,
construction and installation
• Examples- ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code , AWS D1.1 etc.

6. What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
•Why Code is required ?
−Providing a set of rules that specify
the minimum acceptable level of
safety for manufactured, fabricated
or constructed objects.
−Also refer out to standards or
specifications for specific details on
additional requirements not
specified in the Code itself.

7. What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
•Specification
−a specific description of the
design and materials used to
make something.
−They are set of instructions
and/or requirements over and
above requirements given in Code
& Standard.

8. What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
•Specification
−Must meet requirements
−Examples- Company Provided
specification, Product
specification

9. What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
•Why Specification is required ?
−Specifications provide specific /
additional requirements for materials,
components or services above and
beyond code or standard requirements
−Often generated by private companies
to address additional requirements
applicable to a specific product or
application

10. Piping Code & Standard
• Provide a set of requirements for a safe,
reliable and economical installation and
operation throughout the life of process
plant
• Provide consistent dimensions and ratings
so that components will fit together
• Improve system reliability
• Cost saving

11. ASME B31.3 Process Piping Code
•Code Cover.. (Scope of ASME
B31.3 Code)
−Requirements for materials
−Components,
−Design,
−Fabrication, assembly, erection,
−Examination, inspection, and
testing of piping.

12. Material standard
•Material Standard cover..
−Manufacturing process
•Open hearth (OH), electro furnace (EF), basic oxygen
(BO)
•Hot/ cold drawing, forging, extruding , bending ,
piercing, rolling etc..
−Chemical and Mechanical Property of raw
material and finished product
•Carbon, Manganese, sulfur, silicon, Cr, Mo, Ni etc..
•yield, tensile strength, elongation, hardness etc..

13. Material standard
•Material Standard cover..
−Heat treatment requirements
•Normalizing, stress reliving, annealing, solution annealing etc..
−Mechanical testing requirements
•Tensile test, bending test, Flattening Tests, impact testing
etc..
−NDT examination, inspection and testing requirements
•Radiography, Dye/liquid penetrant or magnetic particle,
ultrasonic, visual etc..

14. Material standard
•Material Standard cover..
−Acceptable tolerance for imperfection
−Defect repairs
•Extent of repair, method of repair and
acceptance level
−Marking and certification requirements
•manufacturer’s name or brand, the
specification and grade, Heat no. length,
dimension etc..

15. Material standard for Process Piping components
•Material Standard cover..
−Supplementary requirements
•These are the requirements mentioned in purchase order and
are over and above the standard requirements as per purchasers'
need.
−General requirements
•Product finishing, ordering information, packing etc..
•Example- ASTM Section 01, Section 02 and
Section 03

16. Dimension standard
•Dimension Standard cover..
−Different standard for different components gives
product specific requirements
• Pipe
−Pipe sizes, inside and outside diameters, wall thickness,
schedules, permissible variance, markings and weight of
pipe
•ASME B36.10 - Welded & Seamless wrought iron pipes
•ASME B36.19 - Stainless steel pipes

17. Dimension standard
• Pipe Fittings
− sizes, inside and outside diameters, wall thickness,
ratings, end preparation, tolerances and marking
requirements
−Butt welded fittings;
•ASME B16.9 - Factory-Made Wrought Butt welding Fittings
•ASME B16.28 - Wrought Steel Butt Welding Short Radius Elbows
and Returns
−Socket & Threaded fittings
•ASME B16.11- Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded

18. Dimension standard
• Flange: Pressure-temperature ratings, materials,
dimensions, tolerances, marking and testing. Flange
bolting dimension and gasket requirements are also
included
−NPS ½ through NPS 24
•ASME B16.5 - Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
−NPS 26 through NPS 60
−ASME B16.47 - Large Diameter Steel Flanges

19. Dimension standard
• Branch connection
−pressure-temperature ratings, size and types, materials,
dimensions, tolerances, marking and testing
•MSS SP-97
• Bolting
− Included in Flange dimension standard
−ASME B16.5 /B16.47

20. Dimension standard
• Gasket: Materials, dimensions, tolerances, and
markings for metal ring-joint gaskets, spiral-wound
metal gaskets, and metal jacketed gaskets and
type of filler material
−ASME B16.20 - Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges-Ring-
Joint, Spiral-Would, and Jacketed
−ASME B16.21- Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges

21. What we have learned?
•Code, Standard &
Specification
•Benefits
•Material standard
•Dimension standard

22. This presentation is part of my online course
To learn more about pipe and pipe fittings take my online course at 90% discount
How to be an Expert in Pipe
& Fittings for Oil & Gas
career
click on https://www.udemy.com/process-
pipe-fittings-for-oil-gas-
career/?couponCode=FB10
Click on the link to enrolled now in Just $10
22