Slides for HCI curriculum course Design for All, Lecture 3

1. Design for All
Lecture Three
Vladimir Tomberg, PhD
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2. Lesson Agenda
• Presenting results of homework: Finding the good
examples
• Why Design for All is so important?
• DfA, UD and ID movement and Legislation ACTS
• Related ICT Specifications
• Basic Principles
• Design workshop on the base of the first
assignment

3. WHY DESIGN FOR ALL
IS IMPORTANT?
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4. Why it is Important for Government?
• Economical factors
• No old-age pension in year 2030?
• Long life learning
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5. Aging and Loss of Functionality
Source: Alex Zhavoronkov presentation (in Russian) Design for ALL
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6. Aging and Loss of Functionality
Source: Alex Zhavoronkov presentation (in Russian) Design for ALL
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7. DFA AND UD MOVEMENT AND
LEGISLATION ACTS
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8. Thee Origins of Influences and Ideas
John Clarkson, P., Coleman, R., History of Inclusive
Design in the UK, Applied Ergonomics (2013)
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9. UD INITIATIVES
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10. Example: Panasonic Universal Design Web Page
Web link: http://panasonic.net
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11. Example: Toyota Universal Design Web Page for
Children
Web link: http://www.toyota.co.jp
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12. The Center for Universal Design (CUD)
Web link: http://www.ncsu.edu
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13. The Center for Universal Design (CUD)
• The Center For Universal Design is a national
research, information, and technical
assistance center that
evaluates, develops, and promotes accessible
and universal design in
housing, buildings, outdoor and urban
environments and related products.
Web link: http://www.ncsu.edu
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14. The Universal Design Principles Developed in CUD
(downloadable by link)
Web link: http://www.ncsu.edu
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15. Example of UD: Smart House
Stunning Pull Out Dining Table
Source: www.nallau.com
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16. US Federal Legislation
Legislative Act
Year
Context
The Architectural Barriers Act
1968
The physical design of the buildings and facilities
they used on the job
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation
Act
1973
illegality to discriminate on the basis of disability
(for federal agencies, public universities, and any
other federal institutions)
The Education for Handicapped
Children Act
1975
Equal access to education and one free meal a day
for children with physical and mental disabilities
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17. US Federal Legislation
Legislative Act
Year
Context
The Fair Housing Amendments Act
1988
Required accessible units be created in all new
multi-family housing
The Americans with Disabilities
Act
1990
Prohibits discrimination in employment, access to
places of public accommodation, services,
programs, public transportation, and
telecommunications
The Telecommunications Act
1996
Accessibility of all types of telecommunications
devices and services, from telephones to
television programming to computers
Section 508 Amendment to the
Rehabilitation Act of 1973
1998
eliminate barriers in information technology, to
make available new opportunities for people with
disabilities. The law applies to all Federal agencies
when they develop, procure, maintain, or use
electronic and information technology
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18. DFA INITIATIVES
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19. The European Design for All
eAccessibility Network (EDeAN)
Web link: http://www.edean.org
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20. The European Design for All
eAccessibility Network (EDeAN)
• EDeAN was launched under the lead of the
European Commission and the European
Member States in 2002.
• It fosters Design for All for eInclusion, that
is, creating an information society for all.
• It has national contact centers (NCCs) in
almost all EU countries and more than 160
network members in national networks.
Web link: http://www.edean.org
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21. EDeAN Goals
• Input for European Curricula in Design for All
• A forum for Design for All issues
• Idea sharing through joint activities such as
conferences, symposia and exchanges of
students and scholars.
Web link: http://www.edean.org
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22. European Institute for Design and Disability
Web link: http://www.designforalleurope.org/
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23. EIDD
• EIDD - Design for All Europe is a self-financed
European organization (originally set up in
1993) that covers the entire area of theory
and practice of Design for All, from the built
environment and tangible products to
communication, service and system design
Web link: http://www.designforalleurope.org/
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24. Example of UD: City Planning
The Hovenring, Netherlands
Source: www.huffingtonpost.ca
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25. Digital Agenda for Europe
Web link: http://ec.europa.eu
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26. The Digital Agenda Scoreboard
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27. EUROPEAN INNOVATION PARTNERSHIP
ON ACTIVE AND HEALTHY AGEING
Source: ec.europa.eu
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28. EU Policy
Web link: ec.europa.eu
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29. Example of Not Intuitive Design
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30. EU Legislation
Legislative Act
Year
Context
eEurope - an Information Society
for All
1999
The initiative is launched by the European
Commission to bring the benefits of the
Information Society to all Europeans
eEurope 2002: Accessibility of
Public Web Sites and their
Content
2001
The aim is to make web sites more accessible to
people with disabilities and older people.
Riga Ministerial Declaration
2006
The aim is to reduce the digital divide by 2010
European i2010 initiative on eInclusion - to be part of the
information society
2007
The Commission's i2010 initiative prioritised eInclusion
Web link: ec.europa.eu
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31. EU Legislation
Legislative Act
Year
Context
e-Inclusion policy
2008
Aims are ageing, eAccessibility, the broadband gap
(digital divide), inclusive eGovernment, digital
literacy and culture
UN Convention on the Rights of
Persons with Disabilities was
adopted
2009
The purpose of the Convention is to promote,
protect and ensure the full and equal enjoyment
of all human rights and fundamental freedoms by
all persons with disabilities, and to promote
respect for their inherent dignity.
Proposal for a directive on the
accessibility of the public sector
bodies' websites
2012
Aim the approximation of the laws, regulations
and administrative provisions of the Member
States on the accessibility of websites of public
sector bodies.
Web link: ec.europa.eu
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32. UN Convention
http://www.un.org/disabilities/convention/facts.shtml
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33. Standards Developed by ISO, the European Committee for
Electrotechnical Standardization, and the International
Electrotechnical Commission
• CEN/CENELEC Guide 6. Guidelines for standards
developers to address the needs of older persons
and persons with disabilities (Identical to ISO/IEC
Guide 71, but free for download)
• These standards are still under development:
– ISO 20282-1 – Ease of operation of everyday products
— Part 1: Context of use and user characteristics
– ISO 20282-2 – Ease of operation of everyday products
— Part 2: Test method
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34. RELATED ICT SPECIFICATIONS
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35. W3C Web Content Accessibility Guide
(WCAG)
• WCAG 1.0 - W3C recommendation on 5 May
1999
• WCAG 2.0 - W3C Recommendation on 11
December 2008
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36. W3C WCAG 2.0 Web Site
http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/
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37. W3C WCAG
The WCAG documents explain how to make web
content more accessible to people with
disabilities. Web "content" generally refers to
the information in a web page or web
application, including:
• natural information such as text, images, and
sounds
• code or markup that defines structure,
presentation, etc.
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38. Four Basic Principles - POUR
•
•
•
•
Perceivable
Operable
Understandable
Robust
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39. Basic Principles
• Perceivable
– Provide text alternatives for non-text content
– Provide captions and other alternatives for multimedia
– Create content that can be presented in different ways, including by
assistive technologies, without losing meaning
– Make it easier for users to see and hear content
• Operable
–
–
–
–
Make all functionality available from a keyboard
Give users enough time to read and use content
Do not use content that causes seizures
Help users navigate and find content
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40. Basic Principles
• Understandable
– Make text readable and understandable
– Make content appear and operate in predictable ways
– Help users avoid and correct mistakes.
• Robust
– Maximize compatibility with current and future user tools
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41. Who WCAG is for
• Web content developers (page authors, site
designers, etc.)
• Web authoring tool developers
• Web accessibility evaluation tool developers
• Others who want or need a standard for web
accessibility
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42. Accessible Rich Internet Applications
(WAI-ARIA)
• WAI-ARIA, the Accessible Rich Internet
Applications Suite, defines a way to make
Web content and Web applications more
accessible to people with disabilities.
• It especially helps with dynamic content and
advanced user interface controls developed
with Ajax, HTML, JavaScript, and related
technologies.
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43. WAI-ARIA 1.0 on W3C Web Site
http://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/
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44. Problem
• No HTML mechanism exists to:
– Identify the role of the DIV as a pop-up menu
– Alert assistive technology when these elements have
focus
– Convey accessibility property information, such as
whether the pop-up menu is collapsed or expanded
– Define what actions can be formed on the element
other than through a device-dependent means
through the event handler type
(onmouseover, onclick, etc.)
http://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/
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45. Accessibility Interoperability at a DOM
Node without JavaScript
Source: http://www.w3.org
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46. Accessibility Interoperability at a DOM Node
with JavaScript
Source: http://www.w3.org
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47. WAI-ARIA provides Web authors with
the following
• Roles to describe the type of widget
presented, such as "menu," "treeitem,"
"slider," and "progressmeter"
• Roles to describe the structure of the Web
page, such as headings, regions, and tables
(grids)
• Properties to describe the state widgets are
in, such as "checked" for a check box, or
"haspopup" for a menu.
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48. WAI-ARIA provides Web authors with
the following
• Properties to define live regions of a page
that are likely to get updates (such as stock
quotes), as well as an interruption policy for
those updates
• Properties for drag-and-drop that describe
drag sources and drop targets
• A way to provide keyboard navigation for the
Web objects and events, such as those
mentioned above
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49. Harnessing the Potential of Accessibility Standards and
Responsive Web Design Practices to Achieve Learning
Interoperability on the Level of the User Interface.
• Mohammad Al-Smadi, and
Vladimir Tomberg. ICWL, volume
8167 of Lecture Notes in
Computer Science, page 294-305.
Springer, (2013)
• In this paper where we propose
reusing WAI ARIA with Adaptive
Web Design practices to achieve
better learning interoperability
on the level of the user interface
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50. The First Look and Comparison
PRINCIPLES

51. Design for All
Inclusive Design
Universal Design
Equitable use
Equitable
Equity
Flexibility in use
Flexible
Flexibility
Simple and intuitive use
Straightforward
Perceptible information
Perceptible
Perception
Informative
Cognition
Preventative
Tolerance for error
Tolerant
Error-management
Efficiency
Stability/predictability
Low physical effort
Effortless
Size and space for
approach and use
Accommodating
Ergonomic
Consistent
http://www.edffeph.org/Page.asp?docid=13390&langue=EN
http://www.sandiwassmer.co.uk/resources/the Robert F . Erlandson, Universal and Accessible
-ten-principles-of-inclusive-web-design/
Design for Products, Services, and Processes
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52. Principles of UD Illustrated
Source link: udlhcpss.files.wordpress.com
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53. Higher level places design constraints on the
lower level
The hierarchical structure of the
universal design principles
Transcending principles
• Equity
More general
More encompassing
Process related principles
• Flexibility
• Error-management
• Efficiency
• Stability/predictability
Human factors principles
More detailed
More narrowly
defined
More specific
• Ergonomic
• Perception
• Cognition
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54. Homework
1. Finding the good HCI examples (two weeks)
2. Essay (Deadline – December 10, 2013)
3. The Individual/pair Design Project –
Opportunities and Threats workshop
(Deadline – December 10, 2013)
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55. End of the Lesson
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