以Vue開發電子商務網站 架構與眉角

以Vue開發電⼦子商務網站 
架構與眉⾓角
2017/8/22

• Mayu Chen

• Frontend Developer of gelovery.com / patio.tw

• windﬁsh27@gmail.com

๏ 以下範例例為經驗分享

๏ 感謝後端⼤大⼤大的⽀支援...m(_ _)m
About me

• 專案環境簡介

• 初始專案建置

• Css Style

• 網站路路由

• 狀狀態管理理

• 溝通Server

• 取得⾴頁⾯面資料
Agenda

專案環境簡介
• Docker

• Rails

• Vue (SPA)

• Node

• Yarn

• Atom

• Package: languague-vue

• Chrome extension

• Vue.js devtools

專案技術列列表
• Html / Css

• Scss (Sass)

• Javascript (ES6)、JSON

• Vue

• Vue-router / Vuex / Vue-resource

• Webpack

$ npm install -g vue-cli
$ vue init webpack vue-new
⾃自訂專案名稱
Template variables: 
https://github.com/vuejs/vue-cli
初始專案建置：Vue-cli
Preference: Github: Vuejs/vue-cli

This will install Vue 2.x version of the template.
For Vue 1.x use: vue init webpack#1.0 vue-new
? Project name vue-new
? Project description A Vue.js project
? Author Meiyu <windfish27+GH@gmail.com>
? Vue build standalone
? Install vue-router? Yes
? Use ESLint to lint your code? Yes
? Pick an ESLint preset Standard
? Setup unit tests with Karma + Mocha? No
? Setup e2e tests with Nightwatch? No
vue-cli Generated "vue-new".
To get started:
cd vue-new
npm install
npm run dev
Documentation can be found at https://vuejs-templates.github.io/
webpack

$ npm run build ⟶ Production ready build.
$ npm run unit ⟶ Unit tests run.
$ npm run e2e ⟶ End-to-end tests.
$ cd vue-new
$ npm install / yarn
$ npm run dev
初始專案建置：Vue-cli

初始專案建置：Vue-cli專案結構
─ build/
─ config/
─ node_modules/
─ src/
　├ assets/
　├ components/
　　└ Hello.vue
　├ router/
　　└ index.js
　├ App.vue
　└ main.js
─ static/
─ index.html
─ package.json
─ yarn.lock

初始專案建置：vue-template
<template lang="html">
html or other html loader
</template>
<script>
export default {
vue methods
}
</script>
<style lang="css">
css or other css loader
</style>
*.vue

import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './App'
import router from './
router'
new Vue({
el: '#app',
router,
template: '<App/>',
components: { App }
})
main.js
初始專案建置：Vue-cli初始檔案
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Project Name</
title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app"></div>

</body>
</html>
index.html

初始專案建置：Vue-cli初始檔案
<template>
<div id="#app">
<img src="./assets/logo.png">
<router-view></router-view>
<hello></hello>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Hello from './components/Hello'
export default {
name: 'app',
components: { Hello }
}
</script>
App.vue
<style lang="css">
…
</style>

初始專案建置：⾃自訂專案結構
─ src/
　├ api/
　├ assets/
　├ components/
　├ mixins/
　├ router/
　├ scss/
　├ store/
　├ pages/
　├ vue-plugin/
　├ App.vue
　└ main.js

$ npm install node-sass sass-loader
$ yarn add node-sass sass-loader
<style lang="scss">
.style{
…
}
</style>
<style lang="sass">
.style
…
</style>
Css Style：Scss

Css Style：Scss
<style lang="scss">
@import 'scss/style';
</style>
App.vue
@import 'base/base';
@import 'function/function';
@import 'plugins/plugins';
@import 'partials/partials';
@import 'components/components';
@import 'views/views';
scss/style.scss

眉⾓角：iOS safari scroll
-webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; // iOS safari scroll smooth
• Fixed footer範例例

• 發現⾴頁⾯面加上以上屬性，在iOS Safari滑動會變很順

• 發現Bug：iOS Safari切換⾴頁⾯面載入Data時，沒有偵測到捲軸，
就會鎖死⾴頁⾯面。即使下⾯面還有內容，也無法往下滑。

Preference: How we ﬁxed the -webkit-overﬂow-scrolling: touch; bug on iOS
.outer {
overflow: scroll;
-webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
/* More properties for a fixed height ... */
}
.inner {
height: calc(100% + 1px);
}
眉⾓角：iOS safari scroll

網站路路由：Vue-router
Preference: Github: Vuejs/vue-router
router/index.js
import Router from 'vue-router'
import Hello from '../components/Hello'
Vue.use(Router)
export default new Router({
routes: [
{
path: '/',
name: 'Hello',
component: Hello
}
]
})
Vue-cli預設router樣式

…
mode: 'history',
scrollBehavior (to, from, savedPosition) {
if (savedPosition) {
return savedPosition
} else {
return { x: 0, y: 0 }
}
},
…
})
Vue-router：Settings
router/index.js

…
…
routes: [
{
path: '/',
name: 'index',
component: (resolve) => {
require(['../pages/index.vue'], resolve)
}
},
…
]
})
Vue-router：Lazy Loading Routes
router/index.js
<router-link :to="{ name: 'index' }">連結⽂文字</router-link>

…
…
routes: [
…
{
path: '/page/:pageId',
name: 'page',
require(['../pages/page.vue'], resolve)
}
},
…
]
})
Vue-router：Params
router/index.js
<router-link :to="{ name: 'page', params: { pageId: id } }">連結⽂文
字</router-link>

routes: [
…
{
path: '/404',
name: 'unfound',
require(['../pages/unfound.vue'], resolve)
}
},
{
path: '*',
redirect: to => {
return { name: 'unfound' }
}
}
]
…
Vue-router：Unfound Page
router/index.js

狀狀態管理理：Vuex
$ yarn add vuex
…
import store from './store'
new Vue({
el: '#app',
router,
store,
template: '<App/>',
components: { App }
})
main.js─ src/
　├ …
　├ store/
　　├ modules/
　　　├ app.js
　　　└ …
　　└ index.js
　├ …　
Preference: Github: Vuejs/vuex

Vuex Modules
import Vuex from 'vuex'
import app from './modules/app'
…
Vue.use(Vuex)
export default new Vuex.Store({
modules: {
app,
…
}
})
store/index.js

Vuex Modules
const state = {
isLoading: false
…
}
const getters = {
isLoading: state => state.isLoading
…
}
const mutations = {
[types.setLoading] (state, boolean) {
state.isLoading = boolean
},
…
}
store/modules/app.js

Vuex Modules
const types = {
setLoading: 'app/setLoading',
…
}
const actions = {
setLodingAction ({commit}, boolean) {
commit(types.setLoading, boolean)
},
…
}
export default {
state,
getters,
mutations,
actions
}
store/modules/app.js

Vuex mapGetters, mapActions
import { mapGetters, mapActions } from 'vuex'
export default {
computed: mapGetters([
'isLoading',
…
]),
methods: {
...mapActions([
'setLodingAction',
…
]),
…
}
}
*.vue
computed: {
isLoading: this.$store.state.app.isLoading
}
methods: {
setLoadingMethod (value) {
this.$store.commit('setLoading', value)
// Commit mutations
}
}

import VueResource from 'vue-resource'
Vue.use(VueResource)
export const pageResource =
Vue.resource(api_link + '{/params}')
…
api/resource.js─ src/
　├ …
　├ api/
　　├ resource.js
　　└ index.js
　├ …　
溝通Server：Vue-resource
$ yarn add vue-resource
Preference: Github: vue-resource

import * as resource from './resources'
export const getPage = (id) => resource.
pageResource.get({ params: id })
export const postPage = (object) => resource.
pageResource.save(object)
export const putPage = (id, object) => resource.
pageResource.update({ params: id }, object)
export const deletePage = (id) => resource.
pageResource.delete({ params: id })
…
api/index.js
溝通Server：Vue-resource

import { getPage } from '../api'
…
export default {
…
methods: {
fetchData () {
let id = this.$route.params.pageId // vue-router params
getPage(id).then(response => {
response.json().then(json => {
this.data = json
})
}, (response) => {
this.errorMsg(json)
})
})
}
}
}
pages/*.vue
Vue-resource：取得資料

Vue-router：Data Fetching
取得資料顯⽰示在⾴頁⾯面上有兩兩種⽅方式：

• 導入⾴頁⾯面之後獲取

• 導入⾴頁⾯面之前獲取
๏ 需要載入(或進度條)畫⾯面，讓使⽤用者知道正在載入

๏ 第⼆二種⽅方式在beforeRouteEnter取得資料，缺點是這個時候⾴頁
⾯面未載入，不能使⽤用this取得Vue其他資料

๏ 上⼀一⾴頁/下⼀一⾴頁時，這些⾴頁⾯面在v-for載入資料之前就先把卷軸定
位，所以router內建的scrollBehavior沒有⽤用。必須另外處理理。

๏ 以下說明第⼀一種⽅方式

import { mapGetters } from 'vuex'
export default {
'initial',
…
]),
created () {
this.fetchData()
},
watch: {
'$route' () {
this.fetchData()
}
},
…
}
mixins/routeFetching.vue
Component載入後取得數據
router有其他變動，取得數據
例例如params改變

pages/*.vue
import routeLoading from '../mixins/routeFetching'
export default {
…
mixins: [
routeLoading
]
…
}
…

眉⾓角：Data Fetching順序
App.vue router-view
新⾴頁⾯面/重新整理理 
取得預先資料
created () 同時執⾏行行
initial = false
不執⾏行行fetchData
vuex
initial = false
已取得資料 initial = true watch initial變動
initial = true
fetchData
切換不同route initial = true created () 執⾏行行 
initial = true
fetchData
切換同⼀一route 
params變動
initial = true watch $route變動 
initial = true
fetchData

initial 是 App.vue最外⾯面那層獲取
資料之後（例例如辨別會員是否登入） 
，由false → true
import { mapGetters } from 'vuex'
export default {
'initial',
…
]),
created () {
this.startFetch(this.initial)
},
watch: {
'$route' () {
this.startFetch(this.initial)
},
'initial' (value) {
this.startFetch(value)
}
},
methods: {
startFetch (initial) {
if (initial) {
this.fetchData()
}
}
}
}
眉⾓角：Data Fetching順序

眉⾓角：⾴頁⾯面Loading狀狀態
export default {
…
data () {
return {
loading: false
}
}
…
}

<template>
<div>
<loading v-if="loading"></loading>
<div v-else>
// 顯⽰示的資料
</div>
</div>
</template>
pages/*.vue

export default {
…
methods: {
fetchData () {
this.loading = true // loading true
this.data = json
this.loading = false // loading false
})
}, (response) => {
this.errorMsg(json) // in errorMsg redirect error.
})
})
},
…
}
}
pages/*.vue

眉⾓角：ScrollPosition
• 離開⾴頁⾯面之前，儲存scrollPosition

• 偵測上⼀一⾴頁、下⼀一⾴頁啟動時機，popstate = true

• loading = true、讀取本⾴頁資料

• popstate = false、loading = false

• v-for讀取值產⽣生⾴頁⾯面

• 跳⾄至此⾴頁⾯面儲存的最後⼀一個scrollPosition

• 如果沒有偵測到上⼀一⾴頁下⼀一⾴頁，loading = false

import { mapActions } from 'vuex'
export default {
…
beforeRouteLeave (to, from, next) {
this.savePostionAction({
path: from.path,
pos: window.scrollY
})
next()
},
methods: {
...mapActions([
'savePostionAction'
]),
…
}
}

export default {
…
beforeMount () {
…
let self = this
window.onpopstate = function (event) {
self.setPopstateAction(true)
}
},
…
methods: {
...mapActions([
'setPopstateAction',
…
]),
…
}
}
App.vue

pages/*.vue
export default {
…
methods: {
fetchData () {
this.loading = true // loading true
this.data = json
this.getPagePosition() // detect page position
})
}, (response) => {
this.errorMsg(json) // in errorMsg set loading false
})
})
},
…
}
}

…
export default {
…
'popstate'
…
]),
methods: {
getPagePosition () {
let path = this.$route.path
let pagePositions = this.savedPostions.filter(object => {
if (object.name === name) {
return object
}
})
// 接下⾴頁

let length = pagePositions.length
if (length > 0 && this.popstate) {
let lastPosition = pagePositions[length - 1]
this.setPopstateAction(false)
setTimeout(function () {
window.scrollTo(0, lastPosition.pos)
}, 10)
}
this.loading = false
}
…
}
}

缺點：

• 連續按上⼀一⾴頁時，如遇到相同路路徑的⾴頁⾯面，取得的
ScrollPosition可能不會是正確的。

• 重新整理理之後，Vuex儲存的ScrollPosition會清空。這時上⼀一⾴頁
會因為沒有紀錄所以置頂。

Ending & QA
Thanks for listening.

以Vue開發電子商務網站 架構與眉角

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