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1. Knowledge sharing is power
Judy Payne, Henley KM Forum
October 2007

3. © 2007 Henley KM Forum
DATA
Dispersed
elements
INFORMATION
Patterned data
KNOWLEDGE
Validated platform
for action
WISDOM
Implicitly knowing how to
generate, access and
integrate knowledge
Depthofmeaning
Tacit
Explicit
(from Saint-Onge, 1996)

4. © 2007 Henley KM Forum
What is knowledge management?
Knowledge management means using the
ideas and experience of employees,
customers and suppliers to improve the
organisation’s performance
(Skapinker, 2002)

5. © 2007 Henley KM Forum
Knowledge networks
Communities
Expertise directories
Capture
Codify
Store
“Explicit”
Connect
Communicate
“Tacit”
Document Management
Processes and workflows
(Larry Prusak, IBM)
Knowledge Management Continuum

6. © 2007 Henley KM Forum
In practice…
 Learning from successes and mistakes
– using existing knowledge to improve today’s performance.
 Learning how to be more successul
– creating new knowledge to improve tomorrow’s performance
 Improving collaboration
– joining things up
 Having the right knowledge in the right place at the right time
– to make better decisions

7. © 2007 Henley KM Forum
But…
 Knowing is a human capability. Knowledge itself can’t be
managed.
 Collaboration is a pre-requisite for knowledge creation and
sharing.
 Collaboration is voluntary.
 What we can do is create the right environment and provide
appropriate tools for people to collaborate and to create and
share knowledge.

8. © 2007 Henley KM Forum
What KM people talk about - environment
Culture Trust Learning
Collaboration Strategy Change
management
Performance Alliances and
partnerships
Knowledge flows
Motivation

9. © 2007 Henley KM Forum
What KM people talk about – tools
People finders
Wikis Extranets and
intranets
EDMS Post-project
reviews
After action
reviews
Storytelling Mentoring and
apprenticeships
Discussion
groups
Communities
and networks

10. © 2007 Henley KM Forum
Henley KM Forum Integrated KM model
External
relationships
Individual
employees
Organisation
 Nine knowledge flows
 Four alignment factors that
influence the effectiveness of
the knowledge flows:
– motivation
– skills and knowledge
– action required
– the environment
 KM maturity = all nine
knowledge flows working
together in an integrated and
appropriate way

11. © 2007 Henley KM Forum
KM challenges in project-based organisations
Projects are…
 Unique
– “my project is different so I can’t learn from yours”
 Novel
– “no-one will have had this problem before…”
 Transient
– New relationships for each new project
 Closely controlled
– No free time or space

12. © 2007 Henley KM Forum
Types of project
Type 2
Product
development
Type 1
Engineering
Type 3
Systems
development
Type 4
Research and
organisational
change
Greater
chance of
failure
Greater
chance of
success
Goals well defined
Yes No
Methods
well defined
No
Yes
(Turner and Cochrane, 1993)

13. © 2007 Henley KM Forum
Different management approaches
Milestones
(components of
product)
Task and
activity
scheduling
Milestones
(life cycle
stages)
Mission
definition, team
building,
refinement of
objectives
Greater
chance of
failure
Greater
chance of
success
Goals well defined
Yes No
Methods
well defined
No
Yes
(Turner and Cochrane, 1993)

14. © 2007 Henley KM Forum
Types of KM practice
Informal knowledge systems e.g. social spaces; non-billable time
Human resources e.g. training and coaching in KM skills; incentives for knowledge sharing
External relationships
e.g. benchmarking against competitors; membership of external
networks
Organisational practices
e.g. senior responsibility for KM; well-defined project management
processes with embedded KM
Project practices
e.g. project checklists; shared diaries; project reviews; lessons learned
sessions
Information technology systems e.g. project extranets; data mining

15. © 2007 Henley KM Forum
Different KM approaches?
Greater
chance of
failure
Greater
chance of
success
Goals well defined
Yes No
Methods
well defined
No
Yes
(Turner and Cochrane, 1993)

16. Suddenly, a
heated exchange
took place
between the king
and the moat
contractor

17. judy.payne@kmforum.co.u
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