2. RDS
• MySQL / Oracle / SQL Server
• Running on EC2 managed by AWS, patches,
replication and backup
• EBS (Elastic Block Store) for storage
• EBS = network block device
• “Black Box” = no “shell” access
• 1 EC2 Compute Unit =1.0-1.2 GHz 2007
Opteron or 2007 Xeon processor
3. RDS
• MySQL / Oracle / SQL Server
• Running on EC2 managed by AWS, patches,
replication and backup
• EBS (Elastic Block Store) for storage
• EBS = network block device
• “Black Box” = no “shell” access
• 1 EC2 Compute Unit =1.0-1.2 GHz 2007
Opteron or 2007 Xeon processor
4. EC2
Memory Price/
Compute Cores
GB Hour *
Unit
Small 1.7 1 1 $0.105
Large 7.5 4 2 $0.415
XLarge 15.0 8 4 $0.830
2XLarge 34.0 13 4 $1.170
4XLarge 68.0 26 8 $2.340
* Price for us-east-1
5. EC2 Compute
Memory Price/Hour
Unit
Small 1 1.0 1.0
Large 4 4.4 4.0
XLarge 8 8.8 7.9
2XLarge 13 20.0 11.1
4XLarge 26 40.0 22.3
6. Instance Types Comparison
70
60
50
Memory GB
40
31
21
11
1
1 5 8 12 15 19 22 26
EC2 Compute Unit
Small Large XLarge 2XLarge 4XLarge
7. Test Setup
• MySQL
• Two data sets:
- Increase instance size
- Increase EBS size
• Different days and periods
• 5.5.20
• max_connections parameter
8. Test Setup
• Ubuntu 12.04 LTS AMI Ubuntu 12.04 LTS
AMI ami-a29943cb
• mysqlslap from Ubuntu MySQL repository
• EC2 High-CPU Medium c1.medium
• Disk I/O bound:
✓insert and commit
18. Guerrilla Capacity
planning
N
C(N ) =
1 + ↵(N 1) + N (N 1)
• Universal Scalability Law (USL)
• http://www.perfdynamics.com/Manifesto/USLscalability.html
• Guerrilla Mantra 1.16: Data are not divine. Data comes
from the Devil, only models come from God.
• Guerrilla Mantra 2.25: All measurements are wrong by
definition.
• R using nls() http://www.perfdynamics.com/Classes/Materials/USLcalc.r
38. EC2 Price/
Compute Memory α N Max X Max
Unit Hour
small 1.0 1.0 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.0
large 4.0 4.4 0.99 1.49 2.32 4.0
xlarge 8.0 8.8 0.79 2.26 3.65 7.9
2xlarg
13.0 20.0 0.68 3.43 4.35 11.1
e
4xlarg
26.0 40.0 0.61 3.66 4.92 22.3
e
39. Conclusion
• EBS size has no effect on I/O performance
• Small instances are more affected by other
instances on the same server
• Larger instances have a greater share of the
physical resources, more network
throughput translates to more EBS I/O
40. Conclusion
• More instances on the same server, more
concurrency. α increases
• Small decrease in α increases the
throughput by a large amount
• EBS are not created equal