As sustainability is becoming more and more a familiar topic in engineering practice and education, the problem remains on how to achieve sustainability in front of  client, cost and construction industry challenges. The lecture proposes the integration of sustainability in design process, education and legislation. The lecture focuses on  sustainability strategies that can be incorporated in practice and design process. The goal is to make sustainability an integral part of practice that  influences both design and construction stages. Other attempts should be made to make sustainability an integral part of legislation and education.

1. Integrating Sustainability Strategies
in Design and Practice
Lecture By: Dr. Yasser Mahgoub
December 29, 2012

2. Abstract
 Integrating Sustainability Strategies
in Design and Practice
 As sustainability is becoming more and
more a familiar topic in engineering
practice and education, the problem
remains on how to achieve sustainability
in front of client, cost and construction
industry challenges. The lecture
proposes the integration of sustainability
in design process, education and
legislation. The lecture focuses
on sustainability strategies that can
be incorporated in practice and design
process. The goal is to make
sustainability an integral part of practice
that influences both design and
construction stages. Other attempts
should be made to make sustainability
an integral part of legislation and
education.

3. Negative Image of
Development

4. Historical Development
4
 1960’s Vernacular Architecture
 1970’s Energy and Architecture
 1980’s Ecological/Environmental Architecture
 1990’s Sustainable Architecture (Economic,
Environment, Equity)
 2000’s Green Architecture
 2010’s Integrated/Rated Sustainability (Systems, Smart,
Strategy)
1960’s 1970’s 1980’s 1990’s 2000’s 2010
Vernacular Energy Ecological Sustainable Green Integrated

5. Sustainable Building Design
“Sustainable design integrates consideration of resource
and energy efficiency, healthy buildings and materials,
ecologically and socially sensitive land use and an
aesthetic that inspires, affirms and enables”
Union Internationale des Architectes’ Declaration of Interdependence for a
Sustainable Future, Chicago, 1993
3 E’s
Environment, Economy and Equity
pillars of sustainable development

6. Sustainable Building Design
6
Socio-Economic

7. Introduction
 In their search for
models that incorporate
sustainable principles of
design, many designers
and planners have
looked to history and
vernacular architecture
in particular.

8. Traditional Solutions
 However, while such
lessons can and have
been readily transferred
from vernacular
buildings to small
modern building types
such as houses,
schools, community
buildings, and the like.
 They are less easily
transferable to large
modern building types
for which there are no
historical precedents,

9. Traditional Solutions

10. Traditional Solutions

11. Traditional Solutions

12. Traditional Solutions

13. Shading Devices
13
Sustainable Architecture
Dr. Yasser Mahgoub

14. Life Cycle of Building Products

15. Approach
• Pre-Design
- This Stage involves the development of the program
and meeting the owner's project requirements.
-The green design should be stated as an objective at this
stage or it would be more difficult to implement.
-This stage is more of a sales effort than a design effort.

16. Approach
• Conceptual Design
-This stage provides several design solutions and
alternatives, where a solution picked by the client would
be pursued.
- Some form giving design strategies would be presented
in drawing for the client.

17. Approach
• Schematic
Design
-This phase provides technical drawings reflecting the
concept, and provides a verification of whether the
project is feasible or within budget.
-Its when the concept becomes a reality.

18. Approach
• Design
Development
-In this phase, schematic design decisions are validated,
systems are optimized, details are developed, specific
equipment selected, and drawings and specifications
initiated.

19. Approach
• Construction
Documents
-This includes construction drawings and specifications.
- These documents are a major part of the contract, and
basis for construction.

20. Approach
• Construction
-This phase converts the construction documents to a
physical reality.
-The testing and verification of green system is
performed.

21. Approach
• Occupancy
-Some of the strategies need informed operators, the
design team generates a user's manual to ensure proper
system operation.

22. Design Intent,
Criteria and
Method
• Intent
- An intent is a general
statement of expected
outcome, for example: a green
building, a low cost building, an
efficient building, a
comfortable building, a
building with good air quality.

23. Design Intent,
Criteria and
Method
• Criteria
-A design criterion is a
benchmark that sets a
minimum acceptable
performance target for the
issues addressed in the intent
statements.

24. Design Intent,
Criteria and
Method
• Method
-A method is a means of
accomplishing intent and
meeting criteria.

25. Green vs.
Sustainable
• Green Design
-Green design focuses on
reducing the environmental
impacts of energy, water and
material usage.

26. Green vs.
Sustainable
• Sustainable Design
-Sustainability is defined as
meeting the needs of the
current generations without
impairing the future
generations.

27. Active or
Passive
• Passive
-Uses no purchased
energy (no
electricity/natural gas etc.)
-Uses components that are
part of another system.
(windows, floors)
-Is closely integrated into
the overall building fabric
(not tacked on)

28. Active or
Passive
• Active
-Uses purchased energy.
-Doesn’t use components
that are part of another
system.
-Usually tacked on to the
overall building fabric.

29. Sustainability Levels

30. Design Process
Cultural
Programmatic Design Technical
Formal

31. Defining the Problem:
Intention
ISSUE INTENT
Thermal comfort Acceptable thermal
comfort
Lighting level Acceptable luminance
Energy efficiency Minimal energy usage
Green design Obtain certification

32. Defining the Problem:
Prioritizing

33. Integration and Sustainability
 Three types of integration:
1. Physical integration
 Physical integration is fundamentally about how
components and systems share space, that is, how they fit
together.
2. Visual integration
 Visual integration involves development of visual harmony
among the many parts of a building and their agreement
with the intended visual effects of design.
3. Performance integration.
 Performance integration has to do with “shared
functions” in which a load-bearing wall, for instance, is
both envelope and structure, so it unifies two functions
into one element.

34. Integration and Sustainability

37. key components of
an integrated design process
1. Whole-Systems Thinking: taking interactions between
elements and systems into account, and designing
to exploit their energies.
2. Front-Loaded Design: thinking through a design early
in the process, before too many decisions are locked
in and opportunities for low-cost, high-value changes
to major aspects for the design have dwindled.
3. End-Use, Least-Cost Planning: considering the needs
of a project in terms of the services (comfort, light,
access) the end user will need, rather than in terms
of the equipment required to meet those needs.
4. Teamwork: coming up with solutions as a group and
collaborating closely on implementing those
solutions.

38. key components of
an integrated design process
1. Shape and Shadow: massing and orientation of the building
as related to function, daylight, and structural considerations.
2. Site Opportunities: location of building and its effect on the
immediate context;
3. Envelope: types of walls and locations of windows;
4. Lighting Design: day lighting and electrical lighting;
5. How the Building Breathes: natural ventilation and passive
heating and cooling;
6. Comfort System: heating and cooling loads and mechanical
systems design;
7. Materials: selection and composition; and
8. Quality Assurance: review of building as a system.

39. Components of
good teamwork on design projects
1. Strong support from the client;
2. Mutual respect;
3. Effective communication; and
4. An ability to deal constructively with conflict.

40. Sustainability Challenges

41. Sustainable Design Strategies

42. Sustainable Design Strategies

43. Sustainable Design Strategies

44. Sustainable Design Strategies

45. Major Site Factors
Matter

46. Active heating and cooling
Double envelope
mitigate the surface
temperature of the
interior glass, reducing
the mechanical
intervention required to
Box window Corridor facade
provide comfortable
conditions under both
and cooling modes
Multi-story facade Shaft-box

47. Active heating and cooling
Shaft-box Corridor facade

48. Active heating and cooling
Multi-story facade Box window

49. Green Roofs
Green Roofs are split into two categories:
 Extensive
 Intensive

52. Shading Devices

53. Shading Devices
 Shading devices on
the external walls of
a building can be
used to decrease the
amount of light
entering the building

54. Daylight Factor
Daylight Factor (DF): It is a numerical ratio used to
describe the relationship between indoor and outdoor
daylight luminance (typically under overcast sky
conditions).

55. Daylight Zoning
 According to Location and Orientation of a space.
 The Designer has control over the location and
orientation of a space to maximize day-lighting, while
function and usage schedule are based on the program.

56. Top Lighting
 Is a day light strategy
that uses openings
located at the roof plane
as the point of admission
for the surrounding
daylight.

57. Light Shelves
 From
 Material
 Position

58. Light Shelves
Exterior Interior Both Sides

59. Electric lighting
 Lighting accounts for around 19% of global
electrical energy consumption.
Non-task related lighting Task related lighting

60. Cross Ventilation
Natural ventilation is the
process of supplying and
removing air through an
indoor space by natural
means.
There are many type of
natural ventilation :
1) Single Sided Ventilation
2) Single Sided Double
Opening
3) Cross Ventilation
4) Stack Ventilation

61. Cross Ventilation
 Buildings will be best
naturally ventilated when
they are very open to the
wind and at the same
time they are shaded
from the solar radiation.
 The cross ventilation can
easily introduce noise
into a building so
opening must be located
to minimize the effect of
noise.

62. Stack Ventilation
STACK VENTILATION is a passive cooling strategy which
relies on TWO basic principles.
- As air warms up, it becomes less dense and rises.
- Fresh ambient air replaces the air that has risen.

63. Stack Ventilation
Increasing the HEIGHT of a stack is one way to achieve a
greater temperature difference. The higher the stack,
the greater the vertical stratification of temperatures.

64. Photovoltaic
Photovoltaic: Systems that produce
electricity through the direct
conversion of incident solar radiation.
Provides direct output that can be stored
in a battery or converted to power.
1.0 on the chart is the most efficient.

65. Example
Qatar University
New College of Engineering Building

67. Qatar University
New College of Engineering
Building

68. Qatar University
New College of Engineering
Building

69. Qatar University
New College of Engineering
Building

70. Qatar University
New College of Engineering
Building

71. Qatar University
New College of Engineering
Building

72. Qatar University
New College of Engineering
Building

73. Qatar University
New College of Engineering
Building

74. Qatar University
New College of Engineering
Building

75. Qatar University
New College of Engineering
Building

76. Qatar University
New College of Engineering
Building

77. Qatar University
New College of Engineering
Building

79. Qatar University
New College of Engineering
Building

80. Qatar University
New College of Engineering
Building

81. Conclusion
There are many ways
for a building to be
green and
environmentally
friendly, and it is the
architect's role to
know the strategies
and imply them
correctly.

82. Major challenges to the application
of Sustainability Survey
1. Clients (Private Business & RE Companies)
2. Cost & Finance
3. Technology Availability
4. Governments (Building Codes, Legislation and
Laws)
5. Rating Systems (LEED, QSAS, etc.)

83. Thank You