2. Introduction:
• Gender is one of the universal dimensions on
which status differences are based. Unlike sex,
which is a biological concept, gender is a social
construct specifying the socially and culturally
prescribed roles that men and women are to
follow.
3. Theories of Gender Development
• Social Learning Theory
• Cognitive Developmental Theory
• Gender Schema Theory
4. Gender Stereotyping
• Gender stereotyping is defined as the beliefs humans hold about
the characteristics associated with males and females.
5. Gender and Equality
• Gender gives women and men the same
entitlements to all aspects of human
development, including economic, social,
cultural, civil and political rights, the same level
of respect. The same opportunities to make
choices, and the same level of power to shape
the outcomes of these choices.
6. Gender Inequality
• FOUR THEMES THEORIZING GENDER INEQUALITY
1. Men and women are situated in society not only differently but also
unequally.
2. Inequality results from the organization of society, not from any
significant biological or personality differences between men and
women.
3. No significant pattern of natural variation distinguishes the sexes.
4. All inequality theories assume that both men and women will respond
fairly easily and naturally to more egalitarian social structure.
7. Gender and Power
• Gender refers to the different ways men and women play in
society, and to the relative power they wield. While gender is
expressed differently in different societies, in no society do men
and women perform equal roles or hold equal positions of power.
• Determinants of Power
1. Status Resources
2. Experience
3. Self- Confidence
