3. 3
OBSERVATION
Analysis
Range of observation process
Hammer
- Hammering task analysis
- Object, context analysis
Soap dispenser
- Object analysis
- Task analysis / Hand held
- Task analysis / Public
- Affinity mapping
- Secondary research
- Insights mapping
4. 4
Object
Analysis
Observation about soap dispenser
Observation about handheld soap dispenser for house.
This soap dispenser has simple and modern shape, but poor quality of the materials make the
design looks cheap. Main user could be a housewives who care about hygiene and decorative
house interior.
Layer 1 - What do you see
Materials
All plastic: less quality
(which material makes/looks more high quality?)
All parts are touch points
Archetypes - Handheld soap dispenser for house
- Container
- Lid
- Push button
- hole (button)
Features - Normal, modern, simple shape
Layer 3- Associations
Desirable - This product is quiet cheap.
Material makes cheap,less valuable product
Other products/ style
Range of products
Material: metal, ceramic,wood,stone…
Place: house, public toilet, hospital
size: Large, medium(this one), small(portable size)
Feature - Push button, automatic, solid soap.
- Transparent (easy to check remaining soap)
Layer 2 - What/Why does it mean?
Functions - Store liquid hand soap
(shampoo, dish wash…)
- Button: can get certain amount of soap
- Interior object
Interaction - Push button: finger shape
- Affordance: to push by hand, finger
(which part of hand?-depends on the users)
- Lid, When soap is running out,
open and refill. reusable.
- Long lasting, waterproof material.
References - Usually using at toilet
Layer 4 - context
Owner of this product?
Design conscious: But may use better one.
Clean personality: using soap dispenser
Think of harmonious house interior
Usually for female user
(Male user use mass produced one: don’t
need “dispenser?”)
5. 5
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12
TASK
ANALYSIS
1. Arrange sleeve.
2. Turn on the water.
3. Wet the hands under running water.
4. Remove water on the hands.
5. Put left hand under the dispenser and
push button with right hand palm.
6. Rub both palms together on the sink.
7. Make a soap bubbles and scrub entire hands.
8. Turn on the water with bubbled hand.
9. Wash out the soap bubbles on the hands
under the running water.
10. Wash out the soap on the tap.
11. Remove water on the hands on the sink
12. Dry hands.
Hand held soap dispenser used by my self
6. 6
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12
TASK
ANALYSIS
1. Arrange sleeve.
2. Turn on the water.
3. Wet the hands under running water.
4. Remove water on the hands.
5. Using only right hand, push button with
palm and get soap at the same time
6. Rub both palms together on the sink.
7. Make a soap bubbles and scrub entire hands.
8. Turn on the water with bubbled hand.
9. Wash out the soap bubbles on the hands
under the running water.
10. Wash out the soap on the tap.
11. Remove water on the hands on the sink
12. Dry hands.
Wall mounted soap dispenser in public toilet, used by my self
7. 7
Affinity
Mapping
All about soap dispenser
Collect every information about soap dispenser and writing down on the Post-it paper form object
analysis, task analysis and extract key insights in one page. Research related images.
8. 8
Secondary
Research
Additional informations about soap dispenser
As you touch people, surfaces and objects throughout the day, you
accumulate germs on your hands. In turn, you can infect yourself with
these germs by touching your eyes, nose or mouth. Although it’s
impossible to keep your hands germ-free, washing your hands
frequently can help limit the transfer of bacteria, viruses and other
microbes.
The structure of soap molecules
enables them to remove dirt
with ease. They consist of a
hydrocarbon chain, with a
sodium or potassium atom at
the end. The hydrocarbon end
is attracted to oil and repels
water, whereas the other end
attracts water. When you wash
your hands, oily dirt particles
are surrounded by soap
molecules with their water-
loving heads facing outwards.
This breaks up the dirt and lets
it wash away in the water.
Antibacterial soap is no more
effective at killing germs than is
regular soap. Using antibacteri-
al soap might even lead to the
development of bacteria that
are resistant to the product’s
antimicrobial agents — making
it harder to kill these germs in
the future.
Why do we need to wash our hands?
How does soap work?
Antibacterial soap issue
To understand main function of
soap dispenser (wash hands),
researched background
information about the reason of
washing hands and issues about
a soap.
Image reference: galleryhip.com / Flicker
9. 9
insights
Mapping
Extract insights from analysis mapping
Move around the words you have got, and arrange into two different categories.
Through seeing commonality from diverse insights, you can extract new and key insights.
INSIGHTS / HYGIENE
INSIGHTS / HYGIENE
Soap:
Anti bacteria. / To kill germs
Problems:
Can get other germs from the button
Leaking soap
Solution:
It could be used by other part of body
(e.g. elbow)
Automatic
Operation:
How to push the button?
(e.g. finger or palm)
Soap:
How to check the remained soap
(Transparent)
Materials
User:
Location / Context
11. 11
Primary
Persona
People who use the product
Olga, aged 63, House wife
Living
Personality
Hobby
About
House Interior
Currently she lives side of the
London in her own two - story
house. She is in the
upper - middle class, and she
has quite luxury life style.
As she getting old, her
immune systems get weaker
and hands are shaking.
Thus, when she touch dirty
things or after using toilet,
she definitely wash her
hands to get rid of germs.
Otherwise, she easily got
cold.
Because Olga spend most of her day at home, she likes to
change house interior quite frequently to refresh.
However, she is old and weak, she can’t afford a big
change. So, when she find some nice, small interior prod-
ucts like soap dispenser or mug, she usually buy it and
change her interior. She had several soap dispenser, now
what she using these days is luxury toilet product sets
made of ceramic.
She is kind, friendly and worm person.
She has neat habits. She always wants to maintain her
house in hygiene condition.
She is quite old, so she is highly health conscious person
that she always wash her hand and clean her house.
Olga is design conscious, and house proud person.
She likes to collect fancy house
interior products like porcelain dolls.
Every months, she bought new flowers
and decorate house.
She spent most of a day at home. She
loves to invite her neighbors and enjoy tea
time. When she invite her neighbors, she
wants to make her house very clean and
comfortable.
Family
Olga has two daughters and
one son and five grandchild.
But all of them moved out.
Currently, she lives with her
husband.
Once a month, her family
comes to her house and
gathering together.
Image reference: www.aceshowbiz.com/ luxe magazine/ www.therussianshop.com/ rumahanda.net
12. 12
Leaked
Soap
Old house wife
Soap
Dispenser
Towel
Towel
Push
Button
Liquid
Soap
Running
water
Soap
bubble
Drop
water
Soap
bubble
Clean
Towel
Who : Old house wife Olga What : Handheld soap dispenser
Where : In the toilet Why : To wash hands
How to : Wash her hands after using toilet, but get dirty around soap dispenser
In the house toilet.
When Olga finished to use toilet, she wants
and need to wash her hands.
Now, she wash off the soap bubbles in the
running water.
To wash hands, she needs to get soap.
She pushed soap dispenser button with her
palm, and get soap on the other hand.
Because of her shaking hands, some soap
bubbles and water drops spattered
everywhere, and it looks very messy.
For an old house wife, it’s hard to control the
amount of soap out of the dispenser.
Some liquid soap is leaked.
She doesn’t want to show dirty toilet to her
neibours whom she invited for a tea, she
cleaned all dirty things with towel.
Olga's
Storyboard
Washing hands storyboard
13. 13
secondary
Persona
People who will want to / need to use the product
Mark, aged 32, Pediatrician
Personality
Soap dispenser experience
Hobby
Skills
Work
Highly professional
Proud of his work
Kind, friendly, clean
Every patients love him
Health conscious
As a doctor, he is very meticulous and
careful person, but when he goes back
after work, he doesn’t look after his
house pretty much.
He is a doctor and highly skilled
person. Mark knows how harmful
the germs and how to cure and
prevent the pathogenic bacterium.
His workplace is located in central
London and he lives 15 min walk
from his hospital. Mark is health
conscious person that in his lea
sure time, usually work out. Right
after he came back from gym, take
shower and read a book.
He spends most of his days at hospital.
He is a pediatrician that he always double
check about hygiene. Because children
are more sensitive and easily influenced
by germs. Thus, when he treat one patient,
he wash his hand with soap to get rid of
bacteria.
Mark usually wash his hands to manage his
hands in a sanitary way. In his hospital, every
public toilet has wall mounted soap dis-
penser. Normally he uses that one to wash
his hands. On the other hand, Mark always
bring his own, portable size hand soap in his
doctor gown pocket. His patients, who are
very young underestimate the importance of
washing hands despite he over empathize
to wash hands. So, he carries hand soap
with him at all times and teach to his young
patients how to wash hands.
However, he doesn’t care about the brand of
soap. Especially for his own house, Mark just
using mass produced soap.
.
Image reference: cmhlc.org/ johnstonhealth.org/ www.alexshanks.com/ defensive1.comw
14. 14
Running
water
Soap
bubble
Pediatrician
Young
Patient
Public
toilet
Soap
dispenser
Clean,
Anti -
bacteria
hands
Soap
Harmful
Germs
Children
Hospital
Who : Pediatrician What : Wash hands with public wall mounted soap dispenser
Where : In hospital public toilet Why : To killing germs to prevent infection
How to : Wash hands with soap to get rid of germs.
In the hospital.
Mark hang around to checkup his patients.
Before he goes to the another patients, he
need to wash his hand with soap to get rid of
germs. Mark used public toilet soap dispenser.
He examine a young patient who is infected by
cold pathogenic bacteria.
He washed his hands carefully to prevent
infection.
After he treat his patients, he is also
contagiousd by harmful germs on his hans
when he touch his patients.
Now, he get clean, anti- bacteria hands. He is
ready to see amother patients.
Mark's
Storyboard
Washing hands to killing germs storyboard
16. 16
Research
Planning
Visual reference research plan mind map
Before research, draw mind map about key points about soap dispenser and identify 4 themes as
a basis visual reference collection.
It could be a main users, existing products, location or the main features and functions.
Exsisting
Products
Hygiene
Products
Context
Location
main User
Woman
17. 17
Existing
products
Visual reference research about “Existing products”
Learning Points:
Research the images related to the
“existing products” and get insights.
• Dispenser: Diverse way to store
liquid and dispense.
• Button: Different types of push
button.
• Container: Diverse shapes of liquid
containers
DispenserButtonContainer
Image reference: Appendix*
18. 18
Hygiene
products
Visual reference research about “Hygiene products”
DomesticProfessionalWashhand
Image reference: Appendix*
Learning Points:
Research the images related to the
“hygiene products” and get insights.
• Domestic: Different products to
make hygiene condition
at home
• Professional: Different type of
hygiene products
used for professional
purpose
(e.g. in hospital)
• Wash hand: Hygiene products to
wash hands
19. 19
Context
Location
Visual reference research about “Context & location”
HousePublicProfessional
Image reference: Appendix*
Learning Points:
Research the images related to the
“context and location” and get
insights. Soap dispenser used in
different location.
• House: Main places to put soap
dispenser at home.
• Public: Diverse types of public toilet
soap dispenser
• Professional: Soap dispenser and
sanitizer used in
hospital
20. 20
Main user
Woman
Visual reference research about “Main user/woman”
ToiletMaterielDecorative
Image reference: Appendix*
Learning Points:
Research the images related to the
“main user” and get insights.
The woman users who are interested
in house decoration.
• Toilet: Diverse interior design of
house toilet
• Materiel: Diverse house soap
dispenser made with
different materials
• Decorative: Decorative soap
dispenser design
22. 22
Short brief
My target audience is a doctor who works at the hospital where
the hygiene concerned the most important. Doctors should
maintain their hands in clean, sanitary state every time. Otherwise,
they can get germs from other patients and brings second
infection to other patients. So, to kill germs, doctors should wash
their hands with soap in public toilet or use own sanitizer.
However, if they use public toilet’s soap dispenser, should be
careful, because patients who have harmful bacteria can also use
same dispenser, you can get germs from that point.
Write single words on post-it about key features of soap dispenser
and associated words of secondary persona.
With these words, write short brief about your design and object.
features
Short Brief
Key words about soap dispenser and design short brief
23. 23
Generate
Ideas
Draw simple and diverse idea
Divergent idea generation process.
From the key words, choose 6 significant words and quickly generate diverse ideas.
24. 24
constructive
Criticism
Visual reference research plan mind map
Among the diverse idea sketch, choose one idea for each keywords and get critical feedback from
peer group. From the constructive criticism, can get new developing points you may not think
of.
25. 25
Idea
Sketches
Throw away - Portable solid soap
Based on the critical feedback, create improvements of ”potable solid soap” idea.
It should be small enough to bring every day and used anytime when you go to public toilet
without soap. Design feature is similar to the candy or pill case to store solid or gel type soap.
Visual references
- Pill case and candy package
Image reference: www.colonialmedical.com/ www.walmart.com/ commons.wikimedia.org/ commons.wikimedia.org
26. 26
Idea
Sketches
Easy to use - Easy to clean leaked soap
Based on the critical feedback, create improvements of ”easy to clean leaked soap” idea.
In public toilet, some soap dispensers have leaking soap problem which makes user feel dirty
and not want to use. Thus, add some part to make easy to clean it or move the location to above
the sink.
Visual references
- Soap dispenser(location) and
coffee machine
Image reference: www.amazon.com/ www.currys.co.uk/ www.technicalconceptsforless.com
27. 27
Idea
Sketches
Hygiene - Germ check
Based on the critical feedback, create improvements of ”germ check” idea.
To emphasize the function of hygiene, user can check their germ with their own eyes by UV
light, and sensitize hands. The design could be the multi functional that user can clean, sanitize
and dry their hands at once.
Visual references
- UV light sanitizer and
Hand dryer
Image reference: www.drsfostersmith.com/ airblade.dyson.com/ www.exceldryer.com/
29. 29
Cardboard
Modeling
Learning user experience
Idea: combine with hand washer, UV
light sterilization and hand drier,
user can easily get clean,
antibacterial hand.
Learning Point: identify user
experience about different types and
location of card modeling. Test each
models and find problems and
improving points to design through
the task observation.
1
2
3
Types and location
1. Above the sink / In public toilet
2. Wall mounted / In public toilet
3. Stand / In hospital hallway
30. 30
All in one
Hand clenser
Above the sink / In public toilet
Identify the user experience about all in one hand cleaner above the sink in public toilet.
Through the test of the prototype, find out problems and improvement points.
Germ 30%
HAND WASH TIME ...
The monitor shows you the
percentage of germ and
proper washing time.
UV light checks how many germs
are on your hands.
When you move your hands to
the right, the soap also comes
out automatically
The water flushes automatically Move back to the left, and wash
out the soap.
• Sensors gathered to close / More longer shape
• User need to move their hands.
• Water and soap together.
Task scenario
Problems / Improvement pointMonitor
Water
Hand
soap
UV Light
sterilization
31. 31
All in one
Hand clenser
Wall mounted / In public toilet
Identify the user experience about all in one wall mounted hand cleaner in public toilet.
Through the test of the prototype, find out problems and improvement points.
The machine operates
automatically by sensor.
Water comes out.UV light sterilize hands. Hand drier.
Task scenario
Problems / Improvement point
• Where to stick the
machine.
• Need to think heights
• Can see the monitor?
• Comportable to stand
in one position?
• Size should be more
bigger and deeper.
• Bottom part should
be bigger than top
part: to store water
from top.
• Enough space for
rubbing hands?
Monitor
Sensor
Water,
UV light,
Drier
Water drops
here
32. 32
All in one
Hand clenser
Stand / In hospital hallway
Identify the user experience about all in one stand hand cleaner in hospital hallway.
Through the test of the prototype, find out problems and improvement points.
The machine operates
automatically by sensor.
• Need to think the size
• How to choose the
function?
(communication)
• Comportable to stand
in one position?
• Water can be flow
out of the machine.
It should be better to
block side part
Water, senitizer and
dryer comes out
User can choose the
function
Remained water
collected here
Monitor
Sensor
Wash hand sign
Water,
UV light,
Drier
Water
drops
here
Task scenario
Problems / Improvement point
34. 34
Role
Playing
Identify doctor’s washing hand scenarios
Act out scenarios of wash hands in the hospital as a doctor and record photo storyboard.
Get developed and unexpected insights from the real interaction between persona and prototype
product.
In the hospital,
befor get into the other
space, doctor saw
handwasher.
Choose wash button.Stand infront of the
handwasher.
Put your hands into the
machine
Persona :
Doctor / Allways maintain his hands
in clean
When the whole
process of washing is
finisfed, there will be a
alert sound
When water and chemi-
cals comes out, rubbing
your hands.
Doctor can also wash
their arms.
Monitor will show you
haw many germs you
have and the washing
process
35. 35
Co design
annotation
Capture direct feedback on the prototype.
Annotating each parts of the design and find developing points.
Use other discuss members as a reference to keep asking negative side of design and the
problems to be expected. From the question and answer, can get new insights.
Child would try to put their
head here.
What if the machine full
down or try to climb? What if someone try to
drink water?
How user can notice
when the wash process is
over?
Doctor may not want to
press the same screen
after patient use it.
(patient with germs)
Water, sanitizer and dry heat
comes out same place?
Height and
size is suitable
and comfort to
use?(stand)
Water can be overflow
Affordance:
How user know to wash their hands
with this machine?
What if they ignore it?
Where to put it? (easy to access?)
What if someone try to
drink water?
How to clean it?
How to check
remain soap?
How to refill the
soap?
looks like trash bin
Open here to
refil soap
Monitor let you
know when
soap is run out
Sound: When
you finish wash
hands
Automatic.
Don’t need to
press button
Block this part
Wash hand, warning sign
DEVIL’S ADVOCATE
INSIGHTS
36. 36
Co design
6ws
Capture feedback and haw can be developed
Capture feedback relating to the 6Ws and find other possibilities about how this design can be
developed.
37. 37
Insights
Concept development
Divergent thinking process
Brief development
Idea development
- Various shape of hand cleanser
-Location: sanitize hands before entering
Concept sketch
- Affordance: all in one hand cleanser
- Door lock hand sanitizer
- Door handle sanitizer
38. 38
Design brief
The design is targeted the users who are in the hospital, not only
for the professional users like doctor, but also the others who are
not part of the hospital such as visitors. Hospital is a specific place
where easy to get germ and infected by diverse bacterias. Thus,
user need to awareness to wash hands every time, especially
entering to the other place.
The product should be located near the door, that user can easily
notice to wash hands and could build “cleaning hands habit” with
this design.
Review the previous tasks and make a list of the insights you
have gained and update the design brief.
Brief
development
Updated brief and list of insights
LIST OF INSIGHTS
• Hands - free hands cleaning
• Function
- Hygiene product
- Killing germs
• User
- Part of the hospital / doctor, nurse
- Not part of the hospital / visitor, patients
• It could be a multifunctional product
(Clean check, wash hands, sensitizer, hand dryer)
- Bringing a number of functions together will reduce the touch points
- Reduce the spread of germs
• Affordance
- Information interface (people only respond to orders)
- Physical interface (make it point of natural activity.e.g door handle)
- It should be easy to access and use (Interface and feature design)
• It would be the daily product (can be used any time)
• The product could build a positive habit to wash hands
39. 39
Idea
Development
Various shape of hand cleanser
Reflect the insights I have got from the previous task, sketching a wide range of hand cleanser
design. All of these designs are used for hospital, especially located in front of the door that user
can sanitize their hands before entering other place.
40. 40
Idea
Development
Location: sanitize hands before entering
More focus on the insights “Affordance: physical interface”, sketch diverse hand cleanser design
combined with the door and door handle that natural point of entering other place.
With these design, user can automatically sanitize their hands without consciousness
41. 41
concept
sketch
Affordance: all in one hand cleanser
All in one hand cleanser which user can wash, sanitize and dry their hands at once, in front of
the door.To maximize the affordance, there is round shape hole where user can put their hands.
Once you put your hands, the machine automatically clean your hands by sensor and shows
the result on the screen.
42. 42
concept
sketch
Door lock hand sanitizer
To maximize the importance of sanitize hands in the hospital and increase the opportunity to
clean hands, put hand cleanser in front of the door. To unlock the door, user should put their
hands on the machine. After sanitize the hand, door will be opened.
43. 43
concept
sketch
Door handle sanitizer
Although people know the importance of washing hands, it is hard to clean hands every time. So,
combine with the door handle, user can sanitize their hands without consciousness. When you
wanted to entering the new place, grab the door handle to open door,it would be automatically
sanitize your hands before you know.
