The document discusses the natural resources of Pakistan and their importance for economic development. It outlines Pakistan's main mineral resources which include coal, natural gas, petroleum, limestone, marble, granite, rock salt, gypsum, and others. It also discusses forest resources and power resources. Mineral resources play a fundamental role in economic growth by fueling industry and development, while forests and power resources also contribute greatly to Pakistan's economy.

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Natural Resources of
Pakistan

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Main Topic
Natural Resources and
economic development
Mineral Resources
Forest Resources
Power Resources

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Natural Resources and economic development
Natural Resources
Natural Resources Include
Fertile Land
Climate
Mineral Resource
Forest Resource
Water Resource

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Role in Economic Development
Natural resources play a fundamental role in determining economic growth
and economic development of a country . The natural resources of soil not
only helps in production of food but also in production of many other
agriculture crops that are use as industrial raw materials like jute , cotton
,sugarcane an d rubber.

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Mineral Resources
Minerals are the
important natural
resources . These are
extracted from earth.
Some minerals the
coal, Iron Copper etc
are found in solid form
and some like Gas
patrol ,oil etc discover
in liquid shape .

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Coal:
Coal is used in thermal power station
and in furnaces for making bricks. About
80 percent of cement industry has now
switched over to indigenous coal from
furnace oil that has saved considerable
foreign exchange being spent on the
import of furnace oil. Quality of coal is
not very good. The coalfield in the Sindh
province has huge coal resources of
about 175 billion tones. In view of the
anticipated shortfall of electricity and
other energy resources during the next
10 years, the maximum utilization of coal
would be required in power generation
and gasification.

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Natural Gas:
Natural gas is
used in domestic
cooking, thermal power
stations and steel
furnaces and as a raw
material for fertilizer
industry and in CNG kits
for transport purpose. It
is used almost in every
industry

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Petroleum:
Petroleum or
Crude, oil is used in
transport, power-
generating stations, in
iron and steel furnace
Petroleum is known as
black liquid gold. Of the
total requirement only 40
percent is produced with
the country and the rest
is imported from abroad.

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Lime Stone
Limestone is used in
manufacture of cement, lime, soap,
paper, bleaching powder and glass. It
is also used in paint industries. It is
used in Glass making, in some
circumstances. It is added to
toothpaste, paper, plastics, paint,
tiles, and other materials as both
white pigment and a cheap filler. Used
in blast furnaces, limestone extracts
iron from its ore. It is often found in
medicines and cosmetics. It is used in
sculptures because of its suitability for
carving.

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Marble and Granite:
Marble is used for decoration in construction industry
and buildings. It is also used in sculpture. Colorless or light-
colored marbles are a very pure source of calcium carbonate,
which is used in a wide variety of industries. Finely ground marble
or calcium carbonate powder is a component in paper, and in
consumer products such as toothpaste, plastics, and paints

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Rock Salt
Rock salt is used for cooking and
preservative purposes as well as in the
manufacture of soda ash, bicarbonate of soda,
caustic soda, etc. It is also used in textile and
tanning industries.

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Gypsum:
Gypsum is used as a raw material in
industries. Gypsum is used in the manufacture of
cement, fertilizers and Plaster of Paris.

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SOAPSTONE:
Soapstone (steatite)
is a kind of talc (gray to green
mineral found in rocks). It is
used in many ways. In
Pakistan it is used in the
manufacturing of soaps,
ceramics and face powder.
Soapstone is used for
sculpture. Soapstone is used
by craftsman and carpenters
as a marker because its marks
are visible and not permanent.

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• BARITE:
• It is used in the manufacture of paints,
glass, insecticides and barium
compound.

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CLAY
In pakistan the important industrial clays are china
clay, fire clay, fullers earth and bentonite.
(1)CHINA CLAY:
China clay or koalin is used in the ceramic industry
(products made from clay and similar materials, as
pottery and brick) and for the manufacture of
special type of cement.

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(2)FIRE CLAY:
Fire clay is used in refractories (bricks of various
shapes) , potteries and other chemicals
(3)FULLERS EARTH:
It is used in steel mills, oil filtering, oil refining
and sealing reservoirs.
(4)BENTONITE:
IT is used in the same way as fullers earth.

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Sulphur:
It is the raw material used in various industries. it
is mainly used for sulphuric acid and in manufacturing
of explosives, paints, dyes, rayon (kind of cloth),
fertilizer and for refining petroleum

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• MAGNESITE:
Magnesite is used
in manufacturing
of cement,
paper, rayon,
fertilizer,
chemicls and
drugs.

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GEMSTONES:
Gemstones are mainly
used in jewellry, ornaments (thing that
adds to the beauty of a thing) and as
decoration articles.

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Iron Ore
Iron ore is
used in making
steel,
construction,
engineering
products and
transport
industry.

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Copper:
Copper, gold and silver are some highly
precious metals. They are used for making
ornaments, utensils and decorative articles.
Copper is used in electrical equipment, power
and communication transmission lines.

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Chromites:
Chromite is used in making
engineering tools and stainless steel. It
provides stiffness (firmness) and electrical
resistance to steel.

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• Mining is an important industry in Pakistan.
Pakistan has deposits of several minerals
including coal, copper, gold, chromite, mineral
salt, bauxite and several other minerals. There
are also a variety of precious and semi-precious
minerals that are also mined. These include
peridot, aquamarine, topaz, ruby, emerald, rare-
earth minerals bastnaesite and xenotime,
sphene, tourmaline, and many varieties and
types of quartz.

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COAL:
which is also named as black gold is
found into huge quantities in Thar,
Chamalang, Quetta and other sites. It is
available at Dandot, Makerwal, Harnai (Sindh).
GAS:
It is found in Sui, Attock, Pirkoh and
Kandhkot
PETEROLIUM:
Crude oil is found at Jhelum,
Rawalpindi, Badin, Attock and Mianwali

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A COAL MINE IN PAKISTAN

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CHROMITES:
It is found at Chaghi,
Malakand and Zhob.
COPPER:
It is found at Sandak, Chaghi
IRON ORE:
It is found at Kalabagh, Chitral,
Hazara, Makerwal and Khuzdar.

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A CHROMITE MINE AT CHAGAI

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A COPPER MINE IN PAKISTAN

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LIMESTONE:LIMESTONE:
It has rich deposits in the country.It has rich deposits in the country.
Lime stone is found at Hyderabad, PotoharLime stone is found at Hyderabad, Potohar
plateau, margala hills, derajat and at Khewraplateau, margala hills, derajat and at Khewra
Salt range.Salt range.
MARBLE:MARBLE:
Marble deposits are found atMarble deposits are found at
mullagory on Peshawar-mullagory road in Khybermullagory on Peshawar-mullagory road in Khyber
agency. Marble deposits are also found at swabiagency. Marble deposits are also found at swabi
(mardan district) and swat, marble is also found(mardan district) and swat, marble is also found
in the eruptive zone in chagai area.in the eruptive zone in chagai area.

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A LIMESTONE MINE IN
POTOHAR PLATEAU

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ROCK SALT:
It is found mainly in salt ranges.its
mines are at khewra, warcha and kalabagh.mining is
done at jatta, bahadurkhel and karak.
GYPSUM:
It is found at Hazara, Kohat, D.G.Khan and
dandot .
SULPHUR:
Its deposits have been found at extinct
volcano KOH-E-SULTAN in chagai district of
balochistan

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KHEWRA ROCK SALT MINES IN
PAKISTAN

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A SULPHUR MINE IN PAKISTAN

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Importance in Economic Development
Minerals resources Play an important role in economic development of our
country . These resources are being uses as basic raw material for
establishment and growth of manufacturing sector of our economy

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Forest role of economic development
Forest are an important natural resources which plays a
vital role in economic development of country

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Forest Resources
Forestry in Pakistan
Total
forest era of pakistan
including rangelands is
10.5 million hectares. Out
of total forest erea, 4.1
million hectares are
productive forest and
remaining protected
Forests.

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Forest Ressources
Forest Cover About 5% of total erea of Pakistan Required is 25%.
Govt. of Pakistan regularly launches tree plantation program twice a year .

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Power Ressources
Power resources are the Foundation of economic development . 2
types of sources
•Commercial sources
•Non-Commercial sources
To Analyze energy or power resources in Pakistan , we can group them into
4 categories.
A.Thermal Power
B.Hydel Power
C.Nuclear Power
D.Non conventional Power

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A. Thermal Power
Thermal Power resources
Obtained from coal , Oil and
Natural Gas .
A. Hydel Power
Hydel Power is generated from
waterfalls developed by making
dams on rivers.
A. Nuclear Power
Nuclear Power is the most
important source for generating
energy Nuclear reactor convert
uranium into plutonium which
used as fuel for generating
energy.
A. Non conventional Power
Non Conventional Power like bio Gas
Solar and wind Power are
comparatively cheaper and operated
simply…

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Importance in Power resources

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