5. Age < 10years
Painful lump jus below the angle of jaw
Child may snore at night, Difficulty in
breathing, Nasal speech, Recurrent chest
infections
Systemic Effects: Feels ill sore throat pyrexia
and doesn’t want to eat
Malnourished child, Cold, damp houses
6. Children, young and elderly
Lump with gradual appearance, With or
without pain
Neck movement and swallowing painful
Anorexia and weight loss
If breaks down into abscess it increases in size,
become painful, discoloration of overlying skin
BCG vaccination
Any Family member has TB
Poor socioeconomic status
7.
8.
9. Common in children and young adults
Painless lump which Grow slowly
Systemic:
Malaise, weight loss and pallor
Itching of the skin (unexplained but distinct)
Periodic fever and rigors
Pains in bones
Venous congestion in the neck ( large lymph gland
mass occlude superior vena cava)
10. Occur in patients > 50 years
Painless lump
Grow slowly and new lumps may appear
Symptoms of Primary lesion
In the head and neck: sore tongue; hoarse voice
In the chest: cough; haemoptysis
In the abdomen: dyspepsia; abdominal pain
Head and neck cancers do not cause anorexia or
weight loss
11.
12.
13.
14. Laboratory investigations
Blood film exam
Diagnosis of glandular fever or leukemia
LFT & RFT: helpful in identify associated
underlying systemic disorders
Serological tests: HIV & syphilis
LN biopsy: Histological Diagnosis
(particularly in Hodg.and non-Hodg.
lymphoma)
15. Radiological investigations
X-ray: TB shows typical spotty calcification
Chest X-ray: shows enlarged mediastinal nodes or
primary occult tumor of the lung
U/S: helpful in evaluating the changes in the lymph
nodes
CT scan of chest & abdomen in case of supraclavicular
adenopathy, associated with serious underlying
disease
