Final Year Engineering Project Title List for Electronics & Electrical Branches at Bangalore

Zetta Networks, 9980499700
Abstract: 8051 Microcontroller

Fail Safe Data Management In Vehicles Using 8 Bit Or ARM7.
This project is used for vehicular safety. This project aims to identify failure of some parts
of the vehicle and immediately give a warning signal to the driver. We also use
CAN communication to send the data within the vehicle.
After powering on the system, the controller keeps monitoring different parts of the vehicle.
If brake, accelerator or clutch fails, the vehicle is stopped and the warning message will
appear on LCD and buzzer will give sound.
If engine temperature is beyond certain limit, fan is turned on. If the temperature is still out
of limit, the vehicle is stopped.
If door is opened, buzzer is sounded.
If head lights go bad, parking lights are turned on.
All the data in the vehicle is communicated using CAN protocol.

Design And Development Of Embedded Intelligent Public Transport Vehicular.
The main aim of this project is to make an automated place announcement system for
buses using
8 bit controller with voice chip and the RFID card for identifying the place. With this
facility, the passenger can know the place arrived if he is new to that place. RFID tags with
unique id numbers are placed in every stop.
These unique numbers are already stored into EEPROM to identify the place.
When the bus reaches a place, the controller reads the id number from the RFID tag at
that place with RFID reader.
This number is compared with the EEPROM data to identify the place. The voice chip
contains the prerecorded announcements for place names.
After the controller identifies the place, it gives playback signal to the voice chip to
announce the corresponding place name. The place name is also displayed on the LCD.
RTC is used to display date and time on the LCD.
# 94/C, 2nd Floor, 9th Cross, Opp HKBK College Main gate, Near Nagawara Ring Road,Bangalore-560045

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Remote Control Of Smart Household Based On DTMF.
Nowadays everything is becoming automated. This project has the advantage of not
requiring direct human intervention to control or operate the devices.
This project consists of 8 bit controller AT89C52, LCD, relays, GSM modem, line driver
IC and
DTMF decoder circuit.
First the user has to first make a call from his mobile to the GSM modem. This call is
identified by the controller using GSM modem and it accepts this call by sending the
appropriate command to the GSM modem.
Once the call is answered by the system, the user can press appropriate keys on his mobile
keypad to switch on/off the household device.
When the user presses a key, the corresponding DTMF signals are received from GSM
modem. This DTMF signal from GSM modem is given to DTMF decoding circuit which
decodes it and finds out the key pressed and feeds it to the controller. Depending on this
key, the controller will switch on/off the required device.
Smart Card Based Patient Medical Database With Readings Patient Sensors.
The idea behind this project is where the reading such as temp, blood pressure, diabetes
check, heartbeat and other parameters are stored in a smart card given to the patient. So
patients can just submit their smart cards to the doctors instead of submitting papers related
to their previous health checkup.
The entire system consists of controller interfaced to ADC for reading different sensors,
LCD, RTC, EEPROM and a smart card reader.
During the tests, ADC reads different sensors (different parameters of patient) and these
readings are stored in EEPROM with date and time of tests obtained from RTC.
Later these readings can be stored into smart card after it is inserted into smart card
`reader.


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Smart Parking Applications Using RFID Technology.
This project is aimed at making the existing car parking method more convenient, user
friendly, automatic and minimum human intervention. To automate the present car
parking system, the RFID module is used. The RFID module reads the tag of the
user and establishes the communication between the user and the hardware module.
Four IR-sensors are connected to the controller, which are in turn connected to the
respective gates (Ex: Enter and Exit gates). Depending up on the presence of object at the
IR at the gates, the motor is used to open or close the gates.
The user has to show his RFID Tag to park his car in the free slot. The tag contains user
id.
LCD is used to display required messages.
RTC (Real Time Clock) used to maintain time and date. The controller calculates the
duration of parking and cost. EEPROM is used to manage the slots.
RFID module connected to the controller to communicate between the user and the
module. - RFID writer here used just sends the balance information to the card in the form
of radio waves. This data is stored in the RFID Tag.
Hitech Runway For Aero Planes.
The project Hi-tech runway is an an automatic system to detect whether the runway is safe
before landing the flight and this system also takes protective measures until the flight
completely stops in the Airport.
This segment consist of four segments.
 The first segment introduced is Automatic wind direction detector it detects
wind direction and selects the runway end from where the aircraft has to land.
 The second section is the fire and safety system. This system is used to extinguish
fire and explosions due to plane crashes in runway.
 The third section is the runway dust alarm system. When more dust is deposited
on the runway, this system is used to give information about the dust deposition.

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 The fourth section is arrester barrier system is used to prevent the aircraft from
running out of the runway due to break failure after landing.
Vehicle Toll Checker Using Smart Card.
In view of shortcomings exist in traditional toll mode of expressway and some defects of
electronic toll collection system, such as short distance, high cost, and poor security.
Smart card electronic toll collection system of expressway. in addition, a new smart
card authentication and authorization protocol model was used to guarantee system
security. The electronic toll collection system based on smart card has advantages of less
cost, small size and high reliability. It is very suitable for practical application.
This system based on RFID technology uses radio wave to identify cars passing through the
toll collection site and automatically debits toll rate from the car owner's pre-paid
account. The Microcontroller is connected with personal computer through RS232 data
adapter. To eliminate the delay on tool roads by collecting tolls electronically. It is thus a
technological implementation of a road pricing concept. It determines whether the cars
passing are enrolled in the program, alerts enforcers for those that are not, and
electronically debits the accounts of registered car owners without requiring them to stop.
Navigational Aid For Blind Using GPS And Magnetic Compass.
GPS enabled campus navigation system for blind with voice narration. This project is
used to give voice messages reading the campus details & current location of the campus
to visually handicapped person using GPS. The system consists of the following
functional components: (1) a module for determining the traveler's position and
orientation in space, (2) a geographic information system comprising a detailed
database of our test site and software for route planning and for obtaining information
from the database, and(3)the user interface.
The experiment reported here is concerned with one function of the navigation system:
guiding the traveler along a predefined route. All GPS based navigation systems for the
blind consist of these functional components a module for determining the traveler's
orientation and GPS coordinates to the surrounding environment, and the user interface.
The Global Positioning System is a space-based global navigation satellite system that
provides reliable location and time information in all weather and at all times and
anywhere on or near the Earth, where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more
GPS satellites.

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Alive Human Detector In War Fields Using GSM And PIR Sensors.
The objective of the project is finding out a injured person or person caught in a battle field
using PIR for rescue operation. If an injured person or some detected it can be
informed using a wireless technology using RF. The system requires GSM, PIR sensor,
Wireless RF camera. Passive Infrared sensor (PIR sensor) is an electronic device that
Measures infrared (IR) light radiating from objects in its field of view. PIR sensors are
often used in the construction of PIR-based motion detector. Apparent motion is
detected when an infrared source with one Temperature, such as a human, passes in
front of an infrared source with another temperature, such as a wall. By using RF
Technique we can control the movement of vehicle in the Specified direction. In
transmitter section Controller is used send the encoding Information through GSM. In
receiver section controller is used to receive the Encoded message and Decode the
message accordingly the vehicle is controlled. All objects emit what is known as black
body radiation. It is usually infrared radiation that is invisible to the human eye but can
be detected by electronic devices designed for such a purpose. The term passive in this
instance means that the PIR device does not emit an infrared beam but passively
accepts incoming infrared radiation.
Autonomous Multi-Storied Car Parking System.
The present parking system uses a security person to look after the parking system. With
this project we can atomized the parking system with the help of embedded systems.
This project is aimed at making the existing car parking method more convenient, user
friendly, automatic and minimum human intervention. To automate the present car
parking system, the RFID module is used. The RFID module reads the tag of the user
and establishes the communication between the user and the hardware module. This
system uses 8 bit microcontroller, RFID module, IR sensors, LCD & RTC to control the
car parking system. Four IR-sensors are connected to the controller, which are in turn
connected to the respective gates (Ex: Enter and Exit gates). Depending up on the
presence of object at the IR at the gates, the motor is used to open or close the gates. The
user has to show his RFID Tag to park his car in the free slot. The tag contains user id.
LCD is used to display required messages. RTC (Real Time Clock) used to maintain
time and date. The controller calculates the duration of parking and cost. EEPROM is

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used to manage the slots. RFID module connected to the controller to communicate
between the user and the module. RFID writer here used just sends the balance
information to the card in the form of radio waves. This data is stored in the RFID Tag.


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Exam Paper Leakage Protection.
Every year during time of examination we will come across some news in the newspaper and
television about question paper leakages and hence the exam is being postponed / cancelled.
Sometimes
the information related to question papers leakage will not be known to the universities itself.
Hence some students get good ranks by these papers and those students who had really worked
hard have to compromise with less rank and this factor will have negative effect on the growth of
the society. Thus by considering the problems faced by the students and society a plan has been
made to implement a system which will help to stop this malpractice of leaking the question
paper.
GSM modem is connected to the box containing question papers along with the
microcontroller. Mobile of Authorized person in University board acts as the Base station.
To open the question paper box, RFID is needed to be swiped with a valid RFID tag and then
RFID will compare with EEPROM data such as RFID address, RTC date and time. If the
comparison is failure , then controller sends ”WRONG ACCESS” message to the Base
station through GSM modem and If anybody tries to open the box before the pre-defined time
with a valid RFID tag also, then controller sends “RULES VIOLATED” message to the base
station through GSM modem.
The password is sent from the Base station to the college at the time of opening the BOX. If the
comparison is success, then the controller is waits for the password. If the person enters the
wrong password, then controller sends ”PASSWORD MISMATCH” message to the Base
station through GSM modem. If the person enters the correct password, then BOX is opened
with the help of the stepper motor. After the exam is finished, the Base station sends "Exam box
open/close time and New password" to exam centre mobile number. If the BOX is not closed
along with answer paper within the specified time given by the university,then controller sends
“RULES VIOLATED” message to the base station through GSM modem.


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Anti Collision And Speed Control Of Train And Automated Level Crossing Using RF
and Ultrasonic and PWM.
This project is based on 8 bit controller. It is implemented for a train for different features like
anti-collision and speed control and also automated level crossing. For anti-collision and speed
control we used ultrasonic sensor and PWM. For automated level crossing we use IR and RF
communication. The train has one controller interfaced to LCD, ultrasonic sensor and
L293D.The train motor is controlled by 8 bit controller by using L293D as the driver IC.
Ultrasonic sensor detects any obstacles on the path and sends the information about distance
between the train and the obstacle by serial communication with the controller. Based on this
value, the controls the train speed by generating PWM signals which are fed to the DC motor of
the train. Another module containing 8 bit controller, IR sensor and RF transmitter is used to
detect the arrival of the train. When the IR sensors detect the train, the controller sends this
information to the module at level crossing with the help of RF transmitter. The module at the
level crossing contains 8 bit controller, IR sensor, RF receiver, a stepper motor and LED
indications for go and stop. When this module receives the information about train from RF
receiver,it gives stop signal and closes the door (stepper motor). After the train passes this gate,
it is detected by the IR sensor and again the door opens and led indicates for Go signal.
Intelligent Ambulance-Density Based Traffic Control For HITECH Cities.
The main aim of this project is develop an intelligent traffic control system which may be very
much helpful in Metropolitan cities to avoid the congestion of vehicles near the traffic signal.
This project normally works in two modes, 1)Manual mode 2)Automatic mode.
In manual mode, the traffic police needs to press a key to give the green signal on that
particular direction. In automatic mode, the intelligent traffic control system calculates the
number of vehicles on each side and gives green signal on that particular side which is having
more number of vehicles. When the system is initialized, By Default the system will enter
into Manual mode.Use keys for controlling the traffic signal lights.To enter into automatic mode,
press ‘A’ in the keypad. Four IR’s are used in four Directions (i.e., North, East, West, South) to
count the number of vehicles.As the number of vehicles increases, the number of times of
IR cut also increases.Main Board will first receive the count of vehicles of North and South
directions through Rs232 (i.e. Board1). Then it will receive count of vehicles on East and West
directions by switching the UART to board2.Based on the number of Vehicles, the signal will
change automatically (high to low). If all directions having same no. of vehicles and if the vehicles

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are not equal to zero, then it will give the signal in the order N, S, W, E. If the vehicles are equal
to zero then no work is carried out.

Electronic Seal - A System For Enhanced Electronic Assertion Of Authenticity And
Integrity.
Ensuring authenticity and integrity are important tasks when dealing with goods. While in the past
seal wax was used to ensure the integrity, electronic devices are now able to take over this
functionality and provide better, more fine grained, more automated and more secure
supervision. This paper presents Eseal, a system with a computational device at its core that can
be attached to goods. The system is able to control various kinds of integrity settings and
to notify authenticated instances about consequent violations of integrity. The system works
without infrastructure so that goods can be supervised that are only accessible in certain
locations.
An Eseal is an electronic seal, which can be applied on physical goods in order to provide
the guarantee of important aspects of the protection of those physical goods. The Eseal does not
physically protect the sealed goods but can provide propositions and evidence of authenticity and
integrity.

Solar Tracking Using PIC16F877 / 8051.
Solar energy, radiant light and heat from the sun, has been harnessed by humans since ancient
times using a range of ever-evolving technologies. It is a main source of renewable energy on
earth. To harvest the solar energy, the most common way is to use solar panels.
Whenever the solar panel is facing the sun, solar power is produced in the panel. If the solar
panel is stationary, maximum solar energy is not produced because the sunlight will not fall
vertically. It falls in different angles at different times of the day as the sun traverses in the
sky. So here we have implemented a microcontroller based solar (sun) tracking system to
harvest maximum solar power.


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SEISMIC ACTIVITY MONITORING SYSTEM.
Measuring seismic activity is very essential for predicting earthquakes. Many such measuring
devices are placed at various places of the world. But for a better prediction covering an entire
area is very important. A collection of zigbee sensor networks can help to do this. Many zigbee
enabled seismic sensors can be deployed at various places especially city undergrounds to monitor
seismic patterns.

LPG Monitoring System.
The main aim of this project is to develop a gas leakage control and Auto dialing system.This
system will detect any chances for a gas leakage from cylinder-based appliance (e.g. LPG
cylinder). Usually fire occurs in a cylinder- based appliance due to leakage of gas through the gas
pipeline. By using a gas sensor, the above reason can be detected in advance. With the use of an
alarming system the user can be alerted about this. If the user is in a remote place GSM
technology can be incorporated to alert the user.
If gas leakage occurs, closing the gas outlet valve can control it. This can be achieved with the help
of a stepper motor connected to the valve. Also by using an exhaust fan the leaked gas can be
expelled out. The c o n t r o l l i n g operation on fan, stepper motor is done by the
microcontroller. And GSM modem performs an auto dialing to a user.

2 Folded ATM Threat Security With Multiple People Entry And Password Access Using
RFID And GSM.
The main aim of this project is to prevent forced ATM theft, using GSM technology.
Consider a scenario when you enter into an ATM to withdraw money for your need, and
suddenly a thief enters into the ATM with a knife or a pistol, and force you to withdraw the entire
amount in your account (considering the ATM has no security guard and is in a remote place).
What you can do? You can either fight with the thief or can give all the money to him.
This can be prevented by just entering a code instead of the actual password. Here we are
trying to develop such a kind of system which will prevent all these disasters.


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This project has ATM card reader, which is using RFID technology, which is future of
embedded systems and also a GSM modem, which is the latest technology used for
communication between the mobile and the embedded devices.
Seismic Activity Monitoring System.
Measuring seismic activity is very essential for predicting earthquakes. Many such measuring
devices are placed at various places of the world. But for a better prediction covering an entire
area is very important. A collection of Zigbee sensor networks can help to do this. Many Zigbee
enabled seismic sensors can be deployed at various places especially city undergrounds to
monitor seismic patterns. The system consists of two Zigbee modems and controller. The two
Zigbee modems are fixed at two different locations. These are interfaced to vibration sensors
to detect any earthquake symptoms. These two Zigbee modems form a wireless network with
the other Zigbee module interfaced to the controller board and send the vibration level data.
The controller board receives these vibration data from Zigbee modems and displays this
information on the LCD. When this vibration level exceeds a predefined limit, it displays warning
messages on the LCD.

Automatic Street Power Saving System With Light Dependent Resistor.
Electric power is the most important source of energy in many applications. So it is very
much necessary to utilize this energy efficiently and reduce unnecessary wastage of power
wherever possible. In the case of streetlights, we find that many times these are not operated in a
proper manner. They are either switched on early in the evening before it is dark or until late
morning which is a waste of power. So in this project, the street light is automatically switched
on/off based on the light conditions. This project is based on 8 bit controller. LDR is used as a
sensor to detect the intensity of light. Based on the signal from the LDR, the controller will
switch on/off a relay to control the light. RTC and keypad are also provided to manually set
the on/off time of streetlight. We are sensing the ambient light by using light dependent resistor
(LDR). Depending on the ambient light intensity, it gives analog voltage which is given to ADC.
ADC converts this analog voltage into digital and gives to controller. Depending on the value of
this digital data, controller will decide whether to switch on the street light or switch it off keeping
some value as the threshold. Using keypad and RTC, we can manually set the on/off timings for
street light. Controller will continuously read RTC and based on the current time, it will switch
on/off street light.

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Automatic Car Speed Setup Using RFID.
In long drive from one place to other place on highways, there are some speed limits for some
areas. Many times, the vehicle driver may not notice these speed limits or even if he notices, he
may ignore it. This results in increased number of accidents and other mishaps. So here we are
implementing a system based on RFID technology to automatically control the vehicle
speed. This will prevent possible dangers and also driver need not worry about over-speeding
and getting fined by the traffic police. A speed sensor is implemented with the wheel alignment
of the vehicle, which always calculates the vehicle speed. An RFID reader is interfaced with the
system which will collect the data containing the speed limit over that particular road. Each speed
limit indicating signal on the roadside will have an RFID tag which will give the speed limit at that
road. The 8 bit controller compares the value from the speed sensor with the data received from
RFID tag. If the vehicle speed is more than the limited speed, the system reduces the speed of
the vehicle automatically by using speed control system. Thus each and every vehicle can
maintain the speed limit. Using this system, road accidents due to over speed can be reduced
up to 60%.
Adaptive Lighting System For Automobiles.
Electric power is the most important source of energy in many applications. So it is very
much necessary to utilize this energy efficiently and reduce unnecessary wastage of power
wherever possible. In the case of automobiles, we find that many times these are not operated
in a proper manner. Sometimes the driver forgets to switch off lights in the morning which is a
waste of power. So in this project, the automobile lights are automatically switched on/off
based on the ambient light conditions.This project is based on 8 bit controller. LDR is used
as a sensor to detect the intensity of light. Based on the signal from the LDR, the controller will
switch on/off a relay to control the light. RTC and keypad are also provided to manually set the
on/off time of light.
We are sensing the ambient light by using light dependent resistor (LDR). Depending on the
ambient light intensity, it gives analog voltage which is given to ADC. ADC converts this
analog voltage into digital and gives to controller. Depending on the value of this digital data,
controller will decide whether to switch on the automobile light or switch it off keeping some
value as the threshold. Using keypad and RTC, we can manually set the on/off timings for
automobile light.Controller will continuously read RTC and based on the current time, it will
switch on/off automobile light.

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Switching On Domestic Applications Through Mobile Phone Using DTMF Signaling.
Nowadays everything is becoming automated. This project has the advantage of not requiring
direct human intervention to control or operate the devices.
This project consists of 8 bit controller AT89C52, LCD, relays, GSM modem, line driver IC
and DTMF decoder circuit.
First the user has to first make a call from his mobile to the GSM modem. This call is
identified by the controller using GSM modem and it accepts this call b y s e n d i n g t h e
appropriate command to the GSM modem.
Once the call is answered by the system, the user can press appropriate keys on his mobile
keypad to switch on/off the devices.
When the user presses a key, the corresponding DTMF signals are received from GSM modem.
This DTMF signal from GSM modem is given to DTMF decoding circuit which decodes it and
finds out the key pressed and feeds it to the controller. Depending on this key, the controller will
switch on/off the required device.

Voice Based Bus Location System For Blind People Using RFID.
The main aim of this project is to make an automated place announcement system for buses
using
8 bit controller with voice chip and the RFID card for identifying the place. With this facility, the
blind people can know the place arrived if he is new to that place. RFID tags with unique id
numbers are placed in every stop.
These unique numbers are already stored into EEPROM to identify the place.
When the bus reaches a place, the controller reads the id number from the RFID tag at that
place with RFID reader.
This number is compared with the EEPROM data to identify the place. The voice chip contains
the prerecorded announcements for place names.


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After the controller identifies the place, it gives playback signal to the voice chip to
announce the corresponding place name. The place name is also displayed on the LCD.
RTC is used to display date and time on the LCD.

Efficient Solar Water Heating Mechanism With The Help Of Microcontroller 8051.
This project is mainly designed to control the solar panel automatically which maintains face of
the solar panel towards the sun. This is done by controlling the mechanical movement of the
solar panel. The mechanical movement of the solar controlled through the stepper motor. The
sun movement for east to west is divided into few segments and a time is fixed for each segment.
So according to the sun movement and real time the controller will give a pulse for the DC motor.
Then the DC motor move solar panel.

Electronic Voting Machine
The main aim of this project is to design the Secured voting machine. In earlier days, voting was
done using electronic voting machine, where in, which has following disadvantages:
No proper display can be done. Easily malpractice can be made.
With this project we can overcome the disadvantages of that electronic voting machine. In this
project, the Touch Screen with a microcontroller is interfaced to the voting Machine through the
serial port of the computer. The voting symbols are displayed on the screen. The VB program
in the Computer will capture the serial port. When a person wants to vote he/she has to swipe
the RFID tag. The controller will read ID and sends the details to the computer through serial
port. The VB program will recover this data and check for authorization and allow this person
to vote. If not permitted, it will display “ACCESS DENIED” with buzzer sound. At the end of
the day the VB program will calculate and give the voting result.
Remote Control Via Internet Using Ethernet Adaptor
This project entitled as Remote Control via Internet allows us to monitor, control and automate
our home from remote locations. This project integrates automation and security into a single
unit. Also abnormal condition of any sensor is detected immediately and message is given as an

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alert to the user PC. Monitoring and controlling home environment in real time is made possible
through LAN.

Smart Card Based Prepaid Electricity Billing.
The conventional electricity billing system is post-paid type. Since the payment is up-front, it
reduces the financial risk by improving the cash flows and necessitates an improved revenue
management system. The system eliminates billing delay, removes cost involved in
disconnection/reconnection, enables controlled use of energy, and helps customers to save
money through better energy management.
In Project the prepaid meter contains 8051 microcontroller, smart card reader, electronic
energy meter, Smart card holds information on units consumed or equivalent money value. When
the card is inserted, the controller reads it, connects the supply to the consumer loads using relay
and debits the value. Controller gets the amount of energy consumed by counting pulses from the
energy meter. The consumer then recharges the prepaid card from a sales terminal or
distribution point. Recharging is done by entering the amount using the keypad provided in the
system.

Real Radar Using The Ultrasonic Integrated Receiver And Front-End Computer Software.
The main aim of this project is to find out the distance from airplanes (Object) to
aerodrome (Controller Room) using ultra sonic signals. This project is mainly a prototype for
real radar systems. The ultrasonic signals cover a long distance. These signals will not interfere
with the noise signals. The distance measured is displayed in digital form, which will be easy to
understand by everybody. This is cost effective when compare to other methods.

Fingerprint ATM For Farmers Using Real Finger Print Chip And ATM Note Drawer.
The main aim of this project is to make the ATM machine accessible by farmers in villages. As
we all know that in India, farmers are not much educated hence using ATM machines becomes
difficult. So, to overcome this problem we are designing a project which contains fingerprint
reader, this avoids entering of password as we do in the ATM’s presently available. Once the

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finger details are given a window is displayed on the PC. This PC contains touch screen.
Person can enter the amount to withdraw. And can receive the note from note dispenser
interfaced with microcontroller.
Design And Development Of Metro Train Concepts In The Big Cities I.E. Using Actual
Railway Track And Announcement For Stations, Automatic Identification Of Stations Etc.
Complete System Is Designed Using 8 Bit Micro Controller And Programming Using
Embedded C.
The main aim of this project is to make an automated place announcement system for train using
8 bit controller with voice chip and the RFID card for identifying the station. Here RFID tags
with unique id numbers are placed in every railway station. When the train reaches a station, the
controller reads the id number from the RFID tag at that station with RFID reader .The
voice chip contains the prerecorded announcements for station names. After the controller
identifies the station, it first turns on the buzzer for a small time and then gives playback
signal to the voice chip to announce the corresponding station name. The train stops for about
10-15 seconds in the station and then again gives announcement about leaving the station with
the help of voice chip. Again buzzer is turned on and then the train leaves for the next station.

Gsm Based Complete Irrigation Solution
The main aim of this project is to develop a Farmer irrigation system using GSM and 8051
controller. This Project waters the plants at required time when farmers cannot take of the plants
regularly.Here Two stiff copper wires are inserted in the soil to sense the whether the
Soil is wet or dry. Microcontroller monitors the sensor and when the sensor senses the
dry conditions then the microcontroller sends SMS to Owner through the GSM modem. When
Microcontroller gets “Motor On” Message from owner then controller will switch on the motor
and it will switch off the motor when the sensor senses wet condition.

Advanced Real Time Human Muscular Bio-Simulation Using 8 Bit.
This is a small, portable set designed around 8 bit controller with dc motors and temperature
sensor. The bio-stimulator provides muscles' stimulation by imitating human hand behavior in
case of holding and releasing objects, moving the objects up and down under different
temperature conditions of the objects.
The 8 bit controller is interfaced to dc motors,

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temperature sensor and personal computer. PC is used to issue different commands to the
controller like move the hand up/down and hold/release the object using keyboard in the
HyperTerminal utility. Depending on the command, the controller activates the dc motors to
move the object up and down and also to hold and release the objects.

ABSTARCT: Android PROJECTS
1.

Android meets LED bulbs in smart-home Automation

Android platform is a new generation of smart mobile phone platform launched by Google.
Android provides the support of Blue-tooth. Smart Home Technology is a collective term for
information and communication-technology in homes, where the components are
communicating through a Bluetooth. The technology may be used for monitoring, switching on
and off the components, according to the
programmed criteria.
2.

Bluetooth Chating on Android

Blue-tooth chat applications can be seen as an alternative and effective way of communicating
for people without the need of using the mobile telephony system. Based on the new generation
of cellular phones with support for communication technologies, such as Blue-tooth and WI-Fi,
it
is possible to develop applications to enable Blue-tooth chats. Such applications can provide
mechanisms to discover and communicate with other devices in a shorter range, but with
low or no communication costs
Blue-tooth chat is a direct text chat between two or more users, where every participant uses a
Bluetooth device (i.e. a modern mobile phone or a PDA) and names it (it will be the user's
nickname). The device is generally used in a public and populated space (like a pub, a street,
plaza and so on).


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3.

Development of Android robot car using Accelerometer Sensors)

Android provides the support of Sensors and Bluetooth. The development of this project has the
goal of controlling an android robot car. The movement of the robot car is been controlled by the
accelerometers in mobile with x,y,z values and these values are send to the development board
on robot car using blue-tooth.
4.

Model and implementation of robotic arm using Android

The development of this project has the goal of controlling an robotic arm .Android provides the
support of Blue-tooth. The control for the android implemented with the development board
mentioned above is capable of sending digital Commands to each one of the part to control
their position as well as receive and process commands.

5. Office Automation based on Android
Android provides the support of
Blue-tooth. This Technology is a collective term for information and communication-technology
in offices, where the components are communicating through a Blue-tooth. The technology may
be used for monitoring, switching on and off the components, according to the
programmed criteria. Using zig-bee we collect the sensor values and according to that perform
operations.
6.

Development of Android robot helicopter using Accelerometer Sensors

Android provides the support of Sensors and Bluetooth. The development of this project has the
goal of controlling an android robot helicopter. The movement of the robot helicopter is been
controlled by the accelerometers in mobile with x,y,z values and these values are send to the
development board on robot helicopter using blue-tooth.


18

7. Planning and Development of an Electronic Health Record Client Based on the
Android Platform)
The rapidly aging population not only causes long hospital waiting times and expensive hospital
stays, but also increases the workload of doctors and medical practitioners. Managing the cost
and quality of treatment and caring for seniors are becoming key pressing issues in both
Developed and developing countries.Diagnosing and continuous record of real-time data by the
use of portable patient monitoring system during normal activity would be beneficial for medical
practitioners to do proper and better treatment also it would be useful for health care providers to
improve diseases management . Bluetooth technology is used for data retrieval from Database.
Bluetooth has been specifically designed as a low-cost, low-power, and small-size radio
technology, which is particularly dedicated to short-range communications.

8. Location tracking using Sms Based on Android Mobile.
Android provides the support of location service. So far, the development of location
applications is complex and difficult. This paper introduces the
architecture and component models of Android, and analyzes the anatomy of an Android
application including the functions
of Activity, Intent Receiver, Service, SMS, and etc. Based on Android, the design method of a
location-based mobile service is then presented. The design example shows that it's so easy to
implement location application which fetches latitude an longitudinal values and sends through
the desired phone number.

9. Android on Mobile Devices: An Energy Perspective.
Mobile devices need more processing power but energy consumption should be less to save
battery power. Open Handset
Alliance (OHA) hosting members like Google, Motorola, HTC etc released an open source
platform Android for mobile devices. Android runs on top of Linux kernel with a custom JVM
set on top of it. In this work we try to make Android as energy efficient as possible to save
battery power in mobile devices. Especially the blue-tooth, Wifi, Gps are the main concerns that
drains the battery power. It manages the battery level in mobile. Initially we get the battery
information from the mobile like the current battery percentage, battery health, and voltage and

19

temperature .And in next part we set a threshold value for the battery level when it gets lower the
threshold value the screen gets dim ,Blue-tooth and Wifi and Gps gets turned off.

10. Development of an Human andro system
The development of this project has the goal of controlling an android robot . The position of
each of the part is controlled by Bluetooth by Android mobile. The control for the android
implemented with the development board mentioned above is capable of sending digital
Commands to each one of the part to control their position as well as receive and process
commands.
11. Android phone based Drunk and drive detection
Drunk driving, or officially Driving Under the Influence (DUI) of alcohol, is a major cause of
traffic accidents throughout the world. In this paper, we propose a highly efficient system aimed
at early detection and alert of dangerous vehicle maneuvers typically related to drunk driving.
The entire solution requires only a mobile phone placed in vehicle and with accelerometer
sensor. A program installed on the mobile phone computes accelerations based on sensor
readings, and compares them with typical drunk driving patterns extracted from real driving
tests. Once any evidence of drunk driving is present, the mobile phone will automatically alert
the driver or message to specific number for help.
12. A smart home using Bluetooth
13. BLUETOOTH chatting

14. Remote Droid
15. SIP DEMO


20

16. Child tracking system on android phone by using Bluetooth, GSM, GPS and finger
scanner
Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware
and key applications. The Android SDK provides the tools and APIs necessary to begin
developing applications on the Android platform using the Java programming language. Mobile
phones have almost become an integral part of us serving multiple needs of humans. This
application makes use of the Bluetooth & GPS features of mobile phone as a solution for Child
tracking. In our project we are going to implement child security and the safety. Child Tracking
system is a combination of mobile and server side application to provide enhanced child
security by locating a child in real time. Each child is provided with a mobile device with the
tracking application that sends data to the server asynchronously or on demand. Most of the
parents given their children a mobile handset to be constant touch with them. They were
worried to call their children every time. Looking at this worry of this parents we are going to
create a tracking Application.
17. Industrial Automation on android phone by using Bluetooth, GPRS GPS
Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware
and key applications. The Android SDK provides the tools and APIs necessary to begin
developing applications on the Android platform using the Java programming language. Mobile
phones have almost become an integral part of us serving multiple needs of humans. This
application makes use of the Bluetooth feature of mobile phone as a solution for industrial
automation. It comes handy for the employs working in industry for their basic necessities.
Silent Features of the application
Turn ON / OFF LIGHT Turn ON / OFF FAN Turn ON / OFF A/C
You can control all these by just running an application in your Android based phone.
Bluetooth is the mode of communication between the hardware and you.
18. Embedded web server design for industrial automation.

21

This application makes use of the Bluetooth feature of mobile phone as a solution for industrial
automation. It comes handy for the employs working in industry for their basic necessities.
Salient Features of the application
Turn ON / OFF LIGHT Turn ON / OFF FAN
Turn ON / OFF HIDDEN CAMERA Turn ON / OFF A/C
You can control all these by just running an application in your Android based phone. Bluetooth
is the mode of
communication between the hardware and you.
19. Security system for offices using Android phone and finger print scanner.
This application makes use of the Bluetooth feature of mobile phone as a solution for security
system for offices. In the past few decades security peoples were hired to guard the areas. The
owners and the organization invested descent amount for obtaining security. Still the world
remained insecurity. To cut lose this situation electronic security systems are used to secure
the world and to completely remove the darkness. The technology which you used to watch in
the TV that used to offer the authorization to admittance the protected resources is now at your
door step. With many biometric systems such as face reorganization, fingerprint reader, iris
recognition system etc. your ground is completely safeguarded from the foreign bodies. All such
biometric security systems offer the automatically managing data and also it eradicates the
paper and pen system completely. In large and small organizations the biometric security system
is helping in setting up the linear construction than a hierarchical construction. The working
principle behind fingerprint reader is that it matches the impression of finger prints. There
is an electronic device with a sensor which gets the touch and matching process is done to
authorize the access.
20. Vehicle tracking or asset tracking system on android phone by using
Bluetooth,GSM,GPRS and RFID
device .


22

This application makes use of the Bluetooth & GPS features of mobile phone as a solution for
Vehicle tracking system. It is the technology used to determine the location of a vehicle using
different methods like GPS and other radio navigation systems operating through satellites and
ground based stations. Even data can be stored and downloaded to a computer from the GPS unit
at a base station and that can later be used for analysis. This system is an important tool for
tracking each vehicle at a given period of time and now it is becoming increasingly popular for
people having expensive cars and hence as a theft prevention and retrieval device. No doubt,
Vehicle tracking system whether it is GPS based or any other wireless medium has brought one
of the most important technological advances in today’s communication field. Now one doesn’t
have to leave a place to know where a particular vehicle is at a given period of time. The
automatic vehicle locating system only with the help of a tinny electronic device and tracking
software can detect the real-time location of a vehicle by using the conventional cell phone
network and Internet.
21. Vehicle automation system android phone by using CAN, Bluetooth, GSM,GPS and
finger scanner
vehicle automation. Controller–area network (CAN or CAN-bus) is a vehicle bus standard
designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other within a
vehicle without a host computer. In our project we are going to implement CAN based
vehicle automation by using Bluetooth,GPS,GSM and Finger print for user security.
22. Vehicle theft control system android phone by using Bluetooth, GSM, GPS and finger
scanner
Vehicle theft control system. This paper deals with the design & development of a theft control
system for an automobile, which is being used to prevent/control the theft of a vehicle. The
developed system makes use of an embedded system based on GSM technology. The designed
& developed system is installed in the vehicle. An interfacing mobile is also connected to the
microcontroller, which is in turn, connected to the engine. Once, the vehicle is being stolen, the
information is being used by the vehicle owner for further processing. The information is passed
onto the central processing insurance system, where by sitting at a remote place, a particular

23

number is dialed by them to the interfacing mobile that is with the hardware kit which is
installed in the vehicle. By reading the signals received by the mobile, one can control the
ignition of the engine; say to lock it or to stop the engine immediately. Again it will come to the
normal condition only after entering a secured password. The owner of the vehicle & the central
processing system will know this secured password. The main concept in this design is
introducing the mobile communications into the embedded system. The designed unit is very
simple & low cost.
23. Irrigation control system android phone by using Bluetooth, GSM, GPS for farmers for
efficient use of water, power and crop planning.
This application makes use of the Bluetooth and GPS feature of mobile phone as a solution for
irrigation control system. In our project we are going to implement the irrigation control system
for farmers for efficient use of water, power and crop planning by using GSM and GPS
technology.

24. Remote billing and control system for warehouses in asset tracking and theft control
using android phone by using Bluetooth,GSM,GPRS and RFID device .
This application makes use of the Bluetooth and GPS feature of mobile phone as a solution for
remote billing and control system. It is the technology used to determine the location of a Asset
using different methods like GPS and other radio navigation systems operating through
satellites and ground based stations. This system is an important tool for tracking each Asset at a
given period of time and now it is becoming increasingly popular for people having expensive
cars and hence as a theft prevention and retrieval device. No doubt, Asset tracking system
whether it is GPS based or any other wireless medium has brought one of the most important
technological advances in today’s communication field.
25. Friend Mapper on Mobiles - Friend Locator
In current system, in order to find out the location of friends, user need to call and ask friend
about his where abouts. The proposed system will help user to find out friends locations as well
as the distance from user’s location. The proposed system will also allow user to see all friends
on Google map as well.

24

26. Micro Credit Banking On Smartphone
To provide a banking application on smartphone for the mobile employees of microcredit bank
with the facility to have data synchronized between the smartphone and the bank’s database.
27. Mobile Travel Guide – Smart way to Travel
In current tourism system, whenever a tourist visits famous spots, to know more about the place
he hires a guide. The hired guide then narrates history of the place. The proposed system doesn’t
require a physical guide. The Mobile application installed on the mobile of tourist can act as a
guide. Additionally, the application would help user to find out the weatherforecast of the place.
28. Mobile Electronic Program Guide
In current system, in order to get the TV schedule, user need to check newspaper or see actual
schedule on TV. The proposed system will help user to get the TV schedules right on the mobile
device making him to check schedule from anywhere. To make sure you don’t miss that
important cricket match or exciting movie, you can add a reminder about the show into the
calendar with just single click.
29. Mobile Location Alarm
In current system, alarms are set for particular time. Many times there are situations where the
alarm/reminder is based on your current location nad not based on time. The Mobile application
installed on the mobile can give a alarm based on a particular location. Additionally, the
application would help user to find out how far the user is away from particular reminder
location on the map.
30. Smart complaint registration for Govt bodies
In current system, complaint registrations for government bodies i.e.: BWSSB, KPTCL, etc are
offline. The seriousness of the problem is often not known by offline means. Even reporting
some of the unsocial activities to police department have ended up in imagination based the eye
witness to draw a sketch of the accused.


25

31. Twitter Client for Android based smart phone
To develop an Android client for Twitter
1.

User can sign up with Twitter from the client

2.

User can log into Twitter (sign in) from the client

3. Twitter home page will be displayed on the client after logging in. The home page will
have the tweets and facility to select (1)
post a tweet, (2) view mentions (3) view inbox and (4) reload
4.

User can post his tweet into Twitter from the client

5.

User can view followers and also the people who are following him.

6.

User can search for people by name or user name.

7.

User can attach his location to his tweets.

32. FTP4Android
The aim of the application is to provide smartphone users with a virtually infinite mass storage.
This file manager presents files located on remote servers as they were available on a local
directory. Users will hence be allowed to use the Internet
connectivity on their smartphones to automatically retrieve files and upload updates any time a
user accesses them.

33. Location based Mobile Multimedia Push System(LBMMP)
The applicable scenario is described as follows: Joe promised to travel with Mary to Taiwan, but
Mary could not join this trip because she had to attend a qualification exam.
Thus, Joe uses LBMMPS to push videos, photos, and messages about sightseeing in Taiwan
during his travel, to shared with
Mary in real time. In the Map mode, Mary could know the location of these multimedia content
Joe Photographed.

26

34. Public Safety Application
In this project we developed a proof-of-concept system that addressed traffic safety in school
zones. Our system addresses the need for drivers to be able to pay full visual attention to the
road while still being alerted to the speed of the car. The system integrated several of the
features that are becoming more commonplace on smartphones as well as information retrieved
from Internet services.
35. Wedjat: A Mobile Phone Based Medicine In-take Reminder and Monitor
Out-patient medication administration has been identified as the most error prone procedure
amidst the entire medication process. Most of these errors were made when patients bought
different prescribed and over-the-scounter (OTC) medicines from several drug stores and use
them at home without little or no guidance.
36. Campus Navigation for Blind People on Android Devices
The objective of this project is to guide blind people with voice navigated GPS using an Android
Phone. This project has been proposed to PESIT campus to reach from main entrance to
Computer Science Dept.
37. Android Process Monitor
In current system, in order to find out which process in Android OS is occupying more memory
or which process has more load, we need to manually check each application process one by
one. The proposed application will allow user to see the details of all the processes in one shot.
38. Pedometer an Android App
Pedometer counts your steps, displays your pace, approx. distance, speed and calories burned. It
has an option to notify you by voice in given intervals about any value. You can set a desired
pace/speed and get notified when you have to go faster or slower.
39. Humanoid robot control by using ANDROID with GPRS technology


27

This application makes use of the GPRS feature of mobile phone as a solution for controlling
humanoid robot for Industrial automation. It comes handy for controlling robot in industry for
their necessities.

ABSTARCT: Linux PROJECTS (ARM9 / 11)

1.

The Design of PC System for Mobile Robot Based on ARM9

This paper introduces a design of PC system for mobile robot based on ARM9. The hardware
platform is S3C2440 from Samsung company as processor core, expanding 256MB Nand Flash,
2MB Nor Flash, 64MB SDRAM, etc. The software platform is embedded Linux operating
system, and the design of the interface and the function of the system is based on Qt/Embedded
of Linux. The software and hardware of the system are specially designed for concrete and given
application. The experiments' results show the system is stable and reliable, with low-power,
tiny-volume, high integration, and so on.

2.

The design of granary environmental monitoring system based on ARM9 and ZigBee

Grain is an important strategic resource. Due to seasonal production, there are many problems in
the stored procedure. This article designs an environment monitoring system of the granary
combining Embedded and ZigBee wireless sensor network technology. In the actual situation of
the design, using ZigBee wireless sensor network to complete Multi-point acquisition and
transmission of environment parameters, using ARM9 to achieve precise control of the barn
environment as system data controller; and using GPRS to achieve the system's remote control,
it greatly improves the flexibility and scalability of the warehouse management.
3.

Design of Embedded Control System Based on ARM9 Microcontroller

This paper mainly focuses on the design and realization of embedded control system based on
ARM kernel. Firstly, hardware structure, configuration and signal detection, processing of the
control system based on ARM are described. Secondly, the system application programs,
including main control program, user operation interface program, keyboard program and

28

development of drivers for some S3C2410X related functional modules are described. Lastly the
closed-loop control of parameter is achieved by way of PID and NN. As practical experience
shows, after introducing the control system into the parameter control for microbiology
fermentative process, the design of the system reaches expected effect, realizes relevant
functions and shows a broad market prospect.
4.

Design of embedded video capture system based on ARM9

With the rapid development of the computer, network, image processing and transmission
technology, the application of embedded technology in video monitoring is wider and wider.
This design is based on S3C2440 hardware platform and Linux operation system, it uses mesh
V2000 camera for video collection, combined with V4L video interface technology and MPEG4 video coding and decoding and video transmission technology, aiming at design a low-cost
high-performance programe. This aticle elaborates the development process of ov511 USB
camera driving in Linux operation system and the MPEG-4 video coding technology and the
network transmission realization of video data.
5.

Based on embedded intelligent vehicle system

On account of the existing vehicle for using the platform of integration is limited. Besides,
computing speed is not fast enough, power-hungry, and the machine's functions are not plentiful.
Many of the features which the customer need for the existing car can not be achieved on the
basis of machine. With the rapid development of embedded systems applications, this paper
designs a chip based on the ARM9 AT91SAM9260 new smart car system. In this design of
Intelligent vehicle systems firstly introduces the main features and hardware architecture to
achieve, and then analyzes the GPS, GPRS and other modules, the hardware composition and
theory, and finally gives the system's software program.
6.

Remote video monitoring system based on embedded linux and GPS

This paper presents a design and realization method for remote video monitoring system based
on embedded Linux and GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) network. Monitor terminal
hardware takes ARM9 S3C2410 processor for centralization, in virtue of SDRAM, USB, GPRS
module, etc. Software system adopts embedded linux, the main function realized by C
programming to achieve real-time camera data acquisition, image compression and network
transmission through GPRS module. Monitoring center receives image data and displays after

29

connects with the terminal. It is easier to be used in windows system. Image data can be
transmitted to the monitoring center in 3-6 seconds after JPEG compression. The results showed
that the monitoring system has the advantage of high reliability, high efficiency and low cost
with ARM9 and GPRS network, and it provides a feasible method for remote video monitoring.
7.

One Vehicular Information Service System

This article deals with several kernel technologies applied in vehicle information service. The
technology referring to GPS (Global Positioning System), GPRS (General Packet Radio
Service), GIS (Geographical Information System), and Computer Network etc, as we have
studied, is believed to be able to construct a Vehicle Information Service System which faces the
public. Synthesizing the technologies including GPS,GPRS, GIS, image capture and compress
based on ARM9 processor and embedded system to establish a intelligent vehicle service model,
which emphasizes U-V-S (User-Vehicle- Server) interaction. It is a integrated application in
embedded system and its application software runs on relatively real- time and multi-mission
operating systems.
8.

Design and implementation of an embedded web server based on ARM

In this paper, the embedded web server, which take Samsung corporation's ARM9-S3C2440AL
processor as core, is designed, it's operating system is Linux, the system hardware architecture is
presented. Then the process of the Linux operating system being transplated on ARM is
introduced. The realization of Boa and dynamic interaction between browser and the embedded
system by using CGI are especially analyzed. Finally the implemented embedded web server is
tested to indicate that it responding rapidly and operates efficiently and steadily, which achieves
the expectant designing purpose.

9.

Study of intelligence embedded Linux surveillance system based on TCP/IP

With the development of embedded technology, developing low-cost and high reliable
embedded control system has become increasingly popular. Based on this thinking, our design is
based on ARM9 platform using USB camera to get pictures and video streaming so as to
monitor the system. And widely used in anti-theft alarm system, video door phone, etc., since
low cost and high performance advantages.

30

10. Design and implementation of classroom multimedia teaching equipment
management system based on embedded system
The application of multimedia teaching equipment enables the teachers to use multimedia
computers and other equipment for human-machine interaction in order to complete the
instruction. But the traditional manual management methods can't achieve the self-switching of
multimedia equipment reducing the efficiency of multimedia teaching. A classroom multimedia
teaching equipment management system based on embedded system with the introduction of the
embedded and wireless transmission technology is designed and implements the distributed
management of the equipments. The embedded system node installed in the multimedia device
sets S3C2440 ARM9 embedded processor core as the core, works in the environment of the
Linux OS, and implements the information processed locally. The server was accompanied by
Zigbee wireless transceiver module for the use of information updating and system maintenance,
so are the embedded nodes. Practical results demonstrate that the system has the characteristic of
high processing speed and favorable stability which can meet the most of application demands
and be worth popularizing.
11. Design of a VoIP Media Stream Encryption Device
The design of a VoIP media stream encryption device based on ARM9 CPU is introduced. The
device can be deployed between the Soft Switch or IP-PBX and the VoIP terminal, dedicatedly
used for the encryption/de-encryption of the VoIP signal and the RTP voice packet. As an
illustration, the encryption flow of the packet is described when the VoIP protocol is SIP and the
encryption algorithm is RC4. Then a test is implemented to compare the packet before the
encryption and after that, the effectiveness of the design is proved.

12. Embedded control system design for coal mine detect and rescue robot
The coal mine detect and rescue robot is used for detecting the explosion environment of coal
mine and rescuing miners who are trapped in the underground coal mine after gas explosion.
Coal mine is a dangerous place in which many fatal factors menace miners' life, especially when
blasts occurred. Rescue crews usually don't know the actual situation of the mine tunnel under
such circumstances. Therefore it can be very dangerous for rescuers to go into mine tunnels to
search survivors without detecting environmental information beforehand. To solve this

31

problem, the coal mine detect and rescue robot has been developed for assisting people to do
rescue work. In this paper, the implementation of embedded control system based on the ARM9
microprocessor S3C2410 for our coal mine detect and rescue robot is presented.
Based on the design of robot's hardware, Linux operating system is ported as the platform of the
software development. The embedded control system can achieve many tasks of the robot, such
as motion control, environmental information acquisition, communication with the remote
control system and executing complex control algorithms.

13. Design and implementation of a remote video monitoring system based on embedded
Linux
A remote video monitoring system is proposed in this paper. The system takes Samsung
Corporation's ARM9 S3C2440AL processor as hardware core, and adopts embedded Linux as
the operating system. Ordinary 300000 pixels USB camera is used as video acquisition devices.
The system has the functions of video signal acquisition, compression, transmission over the
Internet for remote video monitoring. The process of the Linux operating system being
transplanted on ARM is introduced and the methods of video signal acquisition and MPEG-4
compression are discussed in detail. The system experimental result shows that it responding
rapidly, operate efficiently and steadily and can meet system requirement.
14. An application of VoIP communication on embedded system
Spurred by the remarkable development of VoIP technology, applications of real-time voice
communication has come into widespread use over the Internet. However, their over reliance on
PC environment restricts the applying fields of most VoIP software, and embedded VoIP is one
of these blind spots. The VoIP application in this paper sets the hardware foundation on ARM9
embedded platform, adopts SIP and RTP as the transmission protocol and employs CELP
compression algorithms to ensure the low-latency and high-quality communication. In addition,
Linux operating system and ALSA device driver are used to meet the needs of cost control and
sound effects. Viewed from the experimental results, the VoIP system proves to
be successful in both its real time voice communication and overall capacity.


32

15. Research and Implementation of WSN in Fire Safety Applications
Applying WSN (wireless sensor networks) technology to the fire safety can actualize wireless
requirement, network, and intelligent fire monitoring. A wireless fire detection system based on
WSN was described in the thesis, which can acquire data of temperature and smoke
concentration. Fire detection nodes using SOC CC2430 as the control unit to realize the
communication between nodes, the software running on the nodes applies CSMA/CA Medium
Access Control protocol and a shortest path routing algorithm for data transmission in multi-hop.
The Gateway is designed an implemented based on ARM9 and Linux, which connects wireless
fire detection network and the Internet, it has a strong processing, storage and network
communication capabilities. Remote users may share real-time fire parameter from Internet
which connects with the wireless fire data acquisition network through the Gateway.

16. Design of embedded Electromagnetic Data Acquisition System using Linux
Recently, in the field of geological exploration, electromagnetic instruments have been
tremendous growth, but they also have some typical shortcomings, such as big size, large
power consumption, complex operation and so on. Therefore, base on the current development
of electronic technology, this paper has discussed hardware and software design of the
electromagnetic data acquisition system, which makes use of 10-bit Σ-Δ analog to digital
converter, micro-controller, ARM9 processor S3C2440 and embedded Linux operating system.
The system has high accuracy, small size and low power consumption, can be applied to a
number of occasions.

17. Database Design of embedded home gateway and webserver implementation.
The http is a tiny web server for embedded system, the entire size it consumed is 14KB only.
httpd is HTTP/1.1 compliance, GET/POST method, keep alive connection and ﬂow control
support. For computer programmer, httpd is easily for reuse because of its structure is simple. In
this paper, we introduce the means of bundling httpd to make a new web page, by just adding the
required functions. This makes the static web page development on embedded system not only
simple but also efﬁcient than other web server.

33

18. ARM9 embedded system of the image acquisition and processing
It is a new system that established on the platform of the ARM9 and ZC301 camera. It can
capture images by line analysis. In order to obtain reliable and efficient image recognition
results, an ARM9 hardware platform for the image recognition system has been used. In this
system, the Principal Component Analysis(PCA) can be used to analyze and process images.
And then the effective features of the image are obtained. Through this process, the image
can be distinguished and classified automatically.

19. Remote Control Of Mobile Robot Based On Embedded Technology
In this project, we introduces the configuration of the embedded system, and then presents a
remote control of mobile robot control system based on an embedded operating system and
ARM. Based on the combination of advanced RISC microprocessor (ARM), DSP and ARMLinux, this project involves development of mobile embedded robot control systems. The
design of embedded control system includes four aspects, i.e., system structure, functions,
hardware, and software design. In the development of the system, some features are
included such as hierarchy structure, modular hardware, and structured software, to make the
system suitable for a variety of robots applications through some hardware adjustment and
software customization only. The effectiveness of proposed approach has to be verified and
tested.

20. Design of embedded video capture system based on ARM9
With the rapid development of the computer, network, image processing and transmission
technology, the application of embedded technology in video monitoring is wider and wider.
This design is based on S3C2440 hardware platform and Linux operation system, it uses mesh
V2000 camera for video collection, combined with V4L video interface technology and
MPEG-4 video coding and decoding and video transmission technology, aiming at design a lowcost high-performance programe. This article elaborates the development process of ov511 USB
camera driving in Linux operation system and the MPEG-4 video coding technology and the
network transmission realization of video data.


34

WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

1.

The design of granary environmental monitoring system based on ARM9 and ZigBee

Grain is an important strategic resource. Due to seasonal production, there are many problems in
the stored procedure. This article designs an environment monitoring system of the granary
combining Embedded and ZigBee wireless sensor network technology. In the actual situation of
the design, using ZigBee wireless sensor network to complete Multi-point acquisition and
transmission of environment parameters, using ARM9 to achieve precise control of the barn
environment as system data controller; and using GPRS to achieve the system's remote control,
it greatly improves the flexibility and scalability of the warehouse management.
2.

Research and Implementation of WSN in Fire Safety Applications

Applying WSN (wireless sensor networks) technology to the fire safety can actualize wireless
requirement, network, and intelligent fire monitoring. A wireless fire detection system based on
WSN was described in the thesis, which can acquire data of temperature and smoke
concentration. Fire detection nodes using SOC CC2430 as the control unit to realize the
communication between nodes, the software running on the nodes applies CSMA/CA Medium
Access Control protocol and a shortest path routing algorithm for data transmission in multi-hop.
The Gateway is designed an implemented based on ARM9 and Linux, which connects wireless
fire detection network and the Internet, it has a strong processing, storage and network
communication capabilities. Remote users may share real-time fire parameter from Internet
which connects with the wireless fire data acquisition network through the Gateway
3. Research of wireless sensor networks for an intelligent measurement system based on
ARM.
The paper introduces a wireless sensor network (WSN) used for an intelligent temperature
measurement system. In the system, temperature signals are acquired by digital multipoint
thermometers, and transmitted to the advanced RISC microprocessor (ARM) by using Wireless
Fidelity (WiFi) technology. Then they are stored in SD card which is controlled by the
microprocessor according to the IIS-bus standard format. The software design of data acquisition

35

is completed in this paper. The progress of transplanting Linux operating system to the ARM
hardware platform is described, and the driver programs of SD card and SD WiFi device are
developed based on Linux operating system and SD card agreement. A special data storage file
system is accomplished for reading and writing SD card, as well as managing of the data file by
the FAT16 file system. At last, the function of man-machine interaction is accomplished
4. Unrestrained Measurement of Arm Motion Based on a Wearable Wireless Sensor
Network.
Techniques that could precisely monitor human motion are useful in applications such as
rehabilitation, virtual reality, sports science, and surveillance. Most of the existing systems
require wiring that restrains the natural movement. To overcome this limitation, a wearable
wireless sensor network using accelerometers has been developed in this paper to determine the
arm motion in the sagittal plane. The system provides unrestrained movements and improves its
usability. The lightweight and compact size of the developed sensor node makes its attachment
to the limb easy. Experimental results have shown that the system has good accuracy and
response rate when compared with a goniometer.

5. Design of a Wind Power Generation Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor
Network
Wind energy is one kind of purity, non-polluting, renewable new energy. Real-time monitoring
wind power generation system is an important action bearing with steady operation of system
and high efficiency exploiting wind power resources. A novel intelligent monitoring system plan
for wind power generation based on wireless sensor networks is proposed in this paper, which
employs many high technologies such as wireless sensor network, ARM, ubiquitous computing,
database and so on. The system consists of sensing nodes with wind speed and wind direction
detector and vibration, voltage, current, speed sensors etc., the relay and gateway nodes with
long communication distance, and the information treatment center for further strategic decision
analysis. The network protocol stack based on the link and physical layers of IEEE 802.15.4
standard, and composed mainly of a hybrid multi-channel MAC protocol with virtual
mechanism and power control mechanism for micro sensor network is applied. The system
architecture is presented, in which the key hardware and software design and realization of the

36

network node is described in detail. This system can help to fulfill the requirement of intelligent
monitoring system for wind power generation. The experimental result shows that this system
has the characteristics of high reliability, and stable performance, and provides a flexible
solution to solve the problem of data collection and sharing of long-range and multi-elements in
power.
6.

The Design of Linux Driver of WSN Nodes Based on ARM

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is the network which is composed of a large number of
intelligent sensor nodes, it has the ability of self-organizing network routing, therefore, it has
been widely used. Building wireless sensor networks is the key to WSN nodes. This paper
introduces the basic structure of wireless sensor network node based on ARM, and it delivers a
detailed analysis on the operating features and the CC2480 hardware interface of the ZigBee
processor, what's more, it specifically talks about the implementation of the Linux driver of
WSN nodes.
7. Implementation of a ZigBee-based high performance sensor node for the robot
environment platform.
In this paper, a ZigBee-based wireless sensor network is configured for the robot to effectively
communicate with the environment platform where each sensor node is implemented using a
high performance microcontroller. The localization and the navigation functions are also
required for the robot and the functions are executed with various types of sensor information. A
new type of ZigBee stack is developed using the RUM(Router Under MAC) of the Atmel Corp.
and it is applied to 32-bit ARM core microcontroller for the high performance sensor data
manipulation and transmission. It is verified by experiments that the wireless sensor network
consisting of developed high performance sensor nodes can be effectively used for the robot
environment platform.
8.

The application and design of embedded wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are composed of sensor nodes that have the ability of realtime perceiving and self- organization. Based on the consideration of performance, powerconsumption and cost, this paper gives the hardware design of embedded wireless sensor
networks node, which is centering on the popular ARM core microprocessor chip
AT91SAM7S256, and the system hardware and software design of embedded wireless sensor
networks car security system.

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9.

Remote Monitoring System of Mine Vehicle Based on Wireless Sensor Network.

A kind of construction plan of remote monitoring system of mine vehicle based on wireless
sensor network is proposed in this paper. Monitoring system uses the sensor nodes deployed on
the vehicles, to collect pressure, velocity, mileage, oil level value, and data to the ARM
(Advanced RISC Machines) -based information processing terminal, and then from the terminal
through the WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) wireless network transmits data real-timely to the
monitoring center. Monitoring
Center reads, parses, stores data, real-timely monitors and distributes the data to remote users.
Anomalies in the data, the system issued a warning exception. System implements real-time
monitoring of mine vehicle, Installed and used on the mine vehicle SGA3722 made in Shougang
Heavy Vehicle Factory. The system is suitable for mine vehicle of Oil gas suspension fork on
front and rear suspension system, helpful to improve the mine vehicles' transportation efficiency
and security.

10. Design of wireless sensor network node monitoring interface based on QT .
With the rapid development of wireless sensor networks, the monitoring system which is
dedicated to monitor wireless sensor networks is paid more and more attention, therefore, the
researches of monitoring interface for WSNs also become extremely important. The paper is
mainly targeted at the design of monitoring interface for wireless sensor networks node, and then
proposes an implementation scheme that is based on Qt Designer in the Linux environment.
Migration of Qt/Embedded on Intel PXA270 development platform based on Linux operating
system is also presented. And two compile methods of Qt application program based on PC
platform and ARM monitoring platform are described in detail.

11.

The Design and Realization of ZigBee—Wi-Fi Wireless Gatway.

Abstract-The application of WSN/ZigBee is growing popularity and how to connect
WSN/ZigBee to the present standard network seamlessly is an issue what is worth studying. In
this paper, it designs and realizes a ZigBee-Wi-Fi wireless gateway based on STM32W108 RF

38

chip and embedded Wi-Fi module. In ZigBee network, wireless gateway as a sink, it receives
data from sensor nodes and interacts with them. In WLAN, wireless gateway communicates with
PC or network servers by means of AP. Both the hardware scheme and software scheme of the
wireless gateway are introduced. Then the performance of the wireless gateway is tested, and the
result shows that it can be used for general purposes and the performance is stable. The wireless
gateway can realize communication effectively between ZigBee network and WLAN.

ABSTARCT: Dotnet PROJECTS

1. Detecting Application Denial-of-Service Attacks: A Group-Testing-Based Approach 2010
Application DoS attack, which aims at disrupting application service rather than depleting
the network resource, has emerged as a larger threat to network services, compared to the
classic DoS attack. Owing to its high similarity to legitimate traffic and much lower launching
overhead than classic DDoS attack, this new assault type cannot be efficiently detected or
prevented by existing detection solutions. To identify application DoS attack, we propose a
novel group testing (GT)-based approach deployed on back-end servers, which not only offers a
theoretical method to obtain short detection delay and low false positive/negative rate, but also
provides an underlying framework against general network attacks. More specifically, we first
extend classic GT model with size constraints for practice purposes, then redistribute the client
service requests to multiple virtual servers embedded within each back-end server machine,
according to specific testing matrices. Based on this framework, we propose a two-mode
detection mechanism using some dynamic thresholds to efficiently identify the attackers. The
focus of this work lies in the detection algorithms proposed and the corresponding theoretical
complexity analysis. We also provide preliminary simulation results regarding the efficiency and
practicability of this new scheme. Further discussions over implementation issues and
performance enhancements are also appended to show its great potentials.
2. Fast Detection of Replica Node Attacks in Mobile Sensor Networks Using Sequential
Analysis -2011


39

Due to the unattended nature of wireless sensor networks, an adversary can capture and
compromise sensor nodes, generate replicas of those nodes, and mount a variety of attacks with
the replicas he injects into the network. These attacks are dangerous because they allow the
attacker to leverage the compromise of a few nodes to exert control over much of the network.
Several replica node detection schemes in the literature have been proposed to defend against
these attacks in static sensor networks. These approaches rely on fixed sensor locations and
hence do not work in mobile sensor networks, where sensors are expected to move. In this work,
we propose a fast and effective mobile replica node detection scheme using the Sequential
Probability Ratio Test. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to tackle the problem
of replica node attacks in mobile sensor networks. We show analytically and through simulation
experiments that our schemes achieve effective and robust replica detection capability with
reasonable overheads.

3. Data Integrity Proofs in Cloud Storage ---- 2011
Cloud computing has been envisioned as the de-facto solution to the rising storage costs of IT
Enterprises. With the high costs of data storage devices as well as the rapid rate at which data is
being generated it proves costly for enterprises or individual users to frequently update their
hardware. Apart from reduction in storage costs data outsourcing to the cloud also helps in
reducing the maintenance. Cloud storage moves the user’s data to large data centers, which are
remotely located, on which user does not have any control. However, this unique feature of the
cloud poses many new security challenges which need to be clearly understood and resolved.
We provide a scheme which gives a proof of data integrity in the cloud which the customer can
employ to check the correctness of his data in the cloud. This proof can be agreed upon by both
the cloud and the customer and can be incorporated in the Service level agreement (SLA).

4. Bridging Socially-Enhanced Virtual Communities --- 2011
Interactions spanning multiple organizations have become an important aspect in today's
collaboration landscape. Organizations create alliances to fulfill strategic objectives. The
dynamic nature of collaborations increasingly demands for automated techniques and algorithms
to support the creation of such alliances. Our approach bases on the recommendation of potential
alliances by discovery of currently relevant competence sources and the support of semiautomatic formation. The environment is service-oriented comprising humans and software

40

services with distinct capabilities. To mediate between previously separated groups and
organizations, we introduce the broker concept that bridges disconnected networks. We present a
dynamic broker discovery approach based on interaction mining techniques and trust metrics.

5. Adaptive Provisioning of Human Expertise in Service-oriented Systems --- 2011
Web-based collaborations have become essential in today’s business environments. Due to the
availability of various SOA frameworks, Web services emerged as the de facto technology to
realize flexible compositions of services. While most existing work focuses on the discovery and
composition of software based services, we highlight concepts for a people- centric Web.
Knowledge-intensive environments clearly demand for provisioning of human expertise along
with sharing of computing resources or business data through software-based services. To
address these challenges, we introduce an adaptive approach allowing humans to provide their
expertise through services using SOA standards, such as WSDL and SOAP. The seamless
integration of humans in the SOA loop triggers numerous social implications, such as evolving
expertise and drifting interests of human service providers. Here we propose a framework that is
based on interaction monitoring techniques enabling adaptations in SOA-based socio-technical
systems.
6. Optimal service pricing for a cloud cache
Cloud applications that offer data management services are emerging. Such clouds support
caching of data in order to provide quality query services. The users can query the cloud data,
paying the price for the infrastructure they use. Cloud
management necessitates an economy that manages the service of multiple users in an efficient,
but also, resource economic
way that allows for cloud profit. Naturally, the maximization of cloud profit given some
guarantees for user satisfaction presumes an appropriate price-demand model that enables
optimal pricing of query services. The model should be plausible in that it reflects the
correlation of cache structures involved in the queries. Optimal pricing is achieved based on a
dynamic pricing scheme that adapts to time changes. This paper proposes a novel pricedemand model designed for a cloud cache and a dynamic pricing scheme for queries executed
in the cloud cache. The pricing solution employs a novel method that estimates the correlations


41

of the cache services in an time-efficient manner. The experimental study shows the efficiency
of the solution.

7. Automated Certification for Compliant Cloud-based Business Processes
A key problem in the deployment of large-scale, reliable cloud computing concerns the
difficulty to certify the compliance of business processes operating in the cloud. Standard audit
procedures such as SAS-70 and SAS- 117 are hard to conduct
for cloud based processes. The paper proposes a novel approach to certify the compliance of
business processes with
regulatory requirements. The approach translates process models into their corresponding
Petri net representations and checks them against requirements also expressed in this
formalism. Being Based on Petri nets, the approach provides well- founded evidence on
adherence and, in case of noncompliance, indicates the possible vulnerabilities. Keywords:
Business process models, Cloud computing, Compliance certification, Audit, Petri nets.

8. Privacy-Preserving Multi-keyword Ranked Search over Encrypted Cloud Data
The advent of cloud computing, data owners are motivated to outsource their complex data
management systems from local sites to commercial public cloud for great flexibility and
economic savings. But for protecting data privacy, sensitive data has to be encrypted before
outsourcing, which obsoletes traditional data utilization based on plaintext keyword search.
Thus, enabling an encrypted cloud data search service is of paramount importance. Considering
the large number of data users and documents in cloud, it is crucial for the search service to
allow multi-keyword query and provide result similarity ranking to meet the effective data
retrieval need. Related works on searchable encryption focus on single keyword search or
Boolean keyword search, and rarely differentiate the search results. In this paper, for the
first time, we define and solve the challenging problem of privacy-preserving multi-keyword
ranked search over encrypted cloud data (MRSE), and establish a set of strict privacy
requirements for such a secure cloud data utilization system to become a reality. Among various
multi- keyword semantics, we choose the efficient principle of “coordinate matching”, i.e., as
many matches as possible, to capture the similarity between search query and data
documents, and further use “inner product similarity” to quantitatively formalize such
principle for similarity measurement. We first propose a basic MRSE scheme using secure inner
product computation, and then significantly improve it to meet different privacy requirements in

42

two levels of threat models. Thorough analysis investigating privacy and efficiency guarantees
of proposed schemes is given, and experiments on the real-world dataset further show proposed
schemes indeed introduce low overhead on computation and communication.
9. Continuous Neighbor Discovery in Asynchronous Sensor Networks
In most sensor networks the nodes are static. Nevertheless, node connectivity is subject to
changes because of disruptions in wireless communication, transmission power changes, or loss
of synchronization between neighboring nodes. Hence, even after a sensor is aware of its
immediate neighbors, it must continuously maintain its view, a process we call continuous
neighbor discovery. In this work we distinguish between neighbor discovery during sensor
network initialization and continuous neighbor discovery. We focus on the latter and view it
as a joint task of all the nodes in every connected segment. Each sensor employs a simple
protocol in a coordinate effort to reduce power consumption without increasing the time required
to detect hidden sensors.

10. Privacy-Preserving Public Auditing for Data Storage Security in Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is the long dreamed vision of computing as a utility, where users can
remotely store their data into the cloud so as to enjoy the on-demand high quality applications
and services from a shared pool of configurable computing
resources. By data outsourcing, users can be relieved from the burden of local data storage and
maintenance. Thus, enabling
public auditability for cloud data storage security is of critical importance so that users can
resort to an external audit party to check the integrity of outsourced data when needed. To
securely introduce an effective third party auditor (TPA), the following two fundamental
requirements have to be met: 1) TPA should be able to efficiently audit the cloud data storage
without demanding the local copy of data, and introduce no additional on-line burden to the
cloud user. Specifically, our contribution in this work can be summarized as the following three
aspects:
1) We motivate the public auditing system of data storage security in Cloud Computing and
provide a privacy-preserving auditing protocol, i.e., our scheme supports an external auditor to
audit user’s outsourced data in the cloud without learning knowledge on the data content.


43

2) To the best of our knowledge, our scheme is the first to support scalable and efficient public
auditing in the Cloud Computing. In particular, our scheme achieves batch auditing where
multiple delegated auditing tasks from different users can be performed simultaneously by the
TPA.
3) We prove the security and justify the performance of our proposed schemes through
concrete experiments and comparisons with the state-of-the-art.
11. Multicast multi-path power efficient routing in mobile adhoc networks
The proposal of this paper presents a measurement-based routing algorithm to load balance
intra domain traffic along multiple paths for multiple multicast sources. Multiple paths are
established using application-layer overlaying. The
proposed algorithm is able to converge under different network models, where each model
reflects a different set of
assumptions about the multicasting capabilities of the network. The algorithm is derived from
simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation and relies only on noisy estimates from
measurements. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the additional benefits obtained
by incrementally increasing the multicasting capabilities. The main application of mobile ad hoc
network is in emergency rescue operations and battlefields. This paper addresses the problem of
power awareness routing to increase lifetime of overall network. Since nodes in mobile ad hoc
network can move randomly, the topology may change arbitrarily and frequently at
unpredictable times. Transmission and reception parameters may also impact the topology.
Therefore it is very difficult to find and maintain an optimal power aware route. In this work a
scheme has been proposed to maximize the network lifetime and minimizes the power
consumption during the source to destination route establishment. The proposed work is aimed
to provide efficient power aware routing considering real and non real time data transfer.
12. Fuzzy Keyword Search over Encrypted Data in Cloud Computing
As Cloud Computing becomes prevalent, more and more sensitive information are being
centralized into the cloud. Although traditional searchable encryption schemes allow a user to
securely search over encrypted data through keywords and selectively retrieve files of interest,
these techniques support only exact keyword search. In this paper, for the first time we
formalize and solve the problem of effective fuzzy keyword search over encrypted cloud
data while maintaining keyword privacy. Fuzzy keyword search greatly enhances system
usability by returning the matching files when users’ searching inputs exactly match the
predefined keywords or the closest possible matching files based on keyword similarity

44

Final Year Engineering Project Title List for Electronics & Electrical Branches at Bangalore

Final Year Engineering Project Title List for Electronics & Electrical Branches at Bangalore

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